Dorohoi

Dorohoi ( pronunciation ^?^/^I ) is a city in the far northeast of Romania , near the Moldovan and Ukrainian borders, in the north of the Moldova region. It is located in Botoșani County on the right bank of the Jijia River , about 20 km northwest of the district capital Botoșani . The city had around 24,300 inhabitants in 2011.

history

In the past, Dorohoi was a transshipment point for wood and agricultural products from northern Vltava ; Dealers from neighboring countries came to the annual large market on June 12th. The settlement was first mentioned in documents in 1407 or 1408 when a treaty was signed between the Moldovan prince Alexandru cel Bun and the Polish king. This fact suggests that Dorohoi played an important role even before the founding of the Moldovan principality.

Around 1940 there were around 16,000 residents in Dorohoi, a third of whom were Jews. On July 1, 1940, a pogrom against the Jewish population took place in Dorohoi . The pogrom occurred in a tense situation when the Romanian troops had to withdraw from Bessarabia before the Red Army , which had been advancing since June 28 . A soldier was buried in the Jewish cemetery and an officer was buried at the same time in the Christian cemetery. When gunfire was heard, panic broke out because many thought the Russian army was about to invade. In fact, Romanian soldiers who had to withdraw from the Herza area and who now wanted to take revenge on the Jewish mourners shot fired . The pogrom was planned and carried out by officers and soldiers from Brigade 3, Brigade 8 and possibly other brigades of the Romanian army, with the participation of ordinary citizens. The soldiers ransacked the houses of the Jews, abused their residents with great cruelty and shot an unknown number of Jews. The number of victims varies from several hundred to several thousand. The Dorohoi pogrom preceded the similar death train from Iași by exactly one year .

Dorohoi was the capital of a district of the same name, which was dissolved when Romania had to cede northern Bukovina to the Soviet Union .

Cityscape

In the city center there is an old church that was built in the 15th century under Stefan the Great . To the west of Dorohoi are the well-known Vltava monasteries , some of which are UNESCO World Heritage Sites .

population

1900: 12.701
2000: 31,073
2007: 30,661
2011: 24,309

traffic

Four major roads lead from Dorohoi in different directions. The road Drum național 29A runs via Vârfu Câmpului to Suceava (39 km), the county road DJ291C via Pomârla to the Ukrainian border and on to Chernivtsi , the Drum național 29B to the district capital Botoșani (33 km) and the Drum național 29A in a northerly direction.

In addition, two railway lines run from Dorohoi to the southeast and south.

Web links

Commons : Dorohoi - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

↑ 2011 census in Romania ( MS Excel ; 1.3 MB)
^ History and Voices of the Tragedy in Romania and Transnistria. The Dorohoi Pogrom. July 1, 1940. The Nizkor Project
↑ Armin Heinen: Violence - Culture. Romania, the Kireig and the Jews (June to October 1941). In: Mariana Hausleitner, Brigitte Mihok, Juliane Wetzel (eds.): Romania and the Holocaust. On the mass crimes in Transnistria 1941–1944. Metropol, Berlin 2001, p. 34f
^ Jean Ancel : The History of the Holocaust in Romania. (The Comprehensive History of the Holocaust) University of Nebraska Press, Lincoln, and Yad Vashem, Jerusalem 2011, p. 77

[1] 2011 census in Romania ( MS Excel ; 1.3 MB)

[2] History and Voices of the Tragedy in Romania and Transnistria. The Dorohoi Pogrom. July 1, 1940. The Nizkor Project

[3] Armin Heinen: Violence - Culture. Romania, the Kireig and the Jews (June to October 1941). In: Mariana Hausleitner, Brigitte Mihok, Juliane Wetzel (eds.): Romania and the Holocaust. On the mass crimes in Transnistria 1941–1944. Metropol, Berlin 2001, p. 34f

[4] Jean Ancel : The History of the Holocaust in Romania. (The Comprehensive History of the Holocaust) University of Nebraska Press, Lincoln, and Yad Vashem, Jerusalem 2011, p. 77