Echinopsis chamaecereus

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Echinopsis chamaecereus
Echinopsis chamaecereus. 2006-06-09.2.uellue.jpg

Echinopsis chamaecereus

Systematics
Order : Clove-like (Caryophyllales)
Family : Cactus family (Cactaceae)
Subfamily : Cactoideae
Tribe : Trichocereeae
Genre : Echinopsis
Type : Echinopsis chamaecereus
Scientific name
Echinopsis chamaecereus
H. Friedrich & Glaetzle

Echinopsis chamaecereus is a species of cactus in the genus Echinopsis . It occurs in the Andes of northwest Argentina in the province of Tucumán . This species is also known by the synonyms Chamaecereus silvestrii and Lobivia silvestrii . In English it is called " Peanut Cactus "because of its numerous small side shoots . The German Cactus Society , the Society of Austrian Cactus Friends and the Swiss Cactus Society voted Echinopsis chamaecereus "Cactus of the Year 2018".

description

Echinopsis chamaecereus forms dense lawns of prostrate, finger-shaped shoots of light green color with numerous side shoots, which carry numerous areoles with 10 to 15 white thorns 1 to 1.5 mm in length on eight to ten ribs . In strong sunlight, the shoots can turn purple.

The hermaphroditic , funnel-shaped flowers are radial symmetry and have a diameter of about four centimeters. The vivid vermilion colored bracts are numerous. Numerous stamens and a yellow pen is available in each flower. In culture, the flowers appear on the side of the shoots between May and July. Cloudy red, 7 mm long fruits that contain small, black seeds develop .

The yellow mutant Echinopsis chamaecereus f. lutea is more important than the wild species. It is often sold as a "banana cactus". It lacks the green chlorophyll necessary for photosynthesis , so it has to be grafted onto another cactus in order to survive. With its photosynthesis and its roots, the graft base takes over the nutrition of the graft. In the trade, grafts with a Hylocereus species are usually available as a base.

Systematics and risk

This species was described in 1905 by Carlos Luis Spegazzini in Cactacearum Platensium Tentamen in honor of Philippo Silvestri (1873-1949) as Cereus silvestrii . In 1922, Nathaniel Lord Britton and Joseph Nelson Rose assigned them to the new monotypical genus Chamaecereus as Chamaecereus silvestrii in The Cactaceae III . The genus Chamaecereus was incorporated into the genus Lobivia by Gordon Douglas Rowley , which in turn became part of the genus Echinopsis . Since the species Echinopsis silvestrii already existed, Heimo Friedrich and Wolfgang Glätzle chose the name Echinopsis chamaecereus .

From Echinopsis Chamaecereus are numerous hybrids with other Echinopsis species, the less but have thicker shoots, which are not so easily broken. The flowers of these hybrids vary greatly in shape and color.

In the Red List of Threatened Species of the IUCN , the species is called " Data Deficient (DD) ", i. H. with insufficient data.

swell

Echinopsis chamaecereus after hibernation with violet colored shoots.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ October 26, 2017: Cactus of the year 2018 - Echinopsis chamaecereus
  2. ↑ Carlos Luis Spegazzini: Cactacearum Platensium Tentamen . In: Anales del Museo Nacional de Buenos Aires . 3rd Series, Volume 4, 1905, pp. 483-484, (online) .
  3. ↑ Bradleya . Volume 1, 1983, p. 96.
  4. ↑ Echinopsis chamaecereus in the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2013.2. Posted by: Kiesling, R., 2012. Retrieved February 28, 2014.

Web links

Commons : Echinopsis chamaecereus  - album with pictures, videos and audio files