Eduard Reuss (theologian)

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Eduard Reuss , painting by Louis Frédéric Schützenberger

Eduard Wilhelm Eugen Reuss (also Reuss ; * July 18, 1804 in Strasbourg ; † April 15, 1891 ibid) was a Franco-German Protestant theologian.

Life

Reuss was a son of the cloth merchant Ludwig Christian Reuss and his wife Margarete geb. Farmer. From 1819 he studied at the Protestant seminary in his hometown and in 1822 switched to the theological faculty of the University of Strasbourg . In 1825 he went to Göttingen University for one semester , where Johann Gottfried Eichhorn was his most important teacher. After another semester at the University of Halle , where he studied at the theological faculty with Julius Wegscheider and Wilhelm Gesenius , he went to Paris in 1827 to specialize in oriental languages with Antoine-Isaac Silvestre de Sacy . Returned to Strasbourg in 1828, he became a teacher at the Protestant grammar school and private lecturer at the Protestant seminary, where he was promoted to associate professor in 1834 and full professor in 1836, and finally director in 1859. In addition, he received an extraordinary professorship at the theological faculty in 1838, and only in 1864 the chair for the Old Testament. He was the first dean of the theological faculty of the Kaiser-Wilhelms-Universität , which was newly founded in 1872, and read until his retirement in 1888.

Reuss was married to Julie Himly since 1839. His son Rodolphe Reuss (Rudolf Reuss; 1841–1924) was a university librarian in Strasbourg and an important historian. His cousin Caroline (1791-1858) was the mother of Georg Büchner , with whom he corresponded and met several times.

plant

Reuss made a name for himself primarily through his contributions to historical and critical research into the Bible. As early as 1839 he put forward the thesis that the prophetic traditions of the Old Testament were older than the cultic and priestly laws. He thus worked on the newer document hypothesis , which his pupil Karl Heinrich Graf and later Julius Wellhausen developed further. As one of the first New Testament scholars, he represented the temporal priority of the Gospel of Mark over the Gospel of Matthew . From 1876 to 1881 he published a commented French translation of the Bible in 17 volumes. A five-volume annotated edition of the Bible in German was published by Alfred Erichson after his death.

With Johann Wilhelm Baum and August Eduard Cunitz , who had been his pupils at grammar school, Reuss was responsible for the first complete edition of Calvin's works ( Joannis Calvini opera quae supersunt omnia ) published in the Corpus Reformatorum .

literature

  • Gustav Adolf Anrich :  Reuss, Eduard . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 55, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1910, pp. 579-590.
  • Jean Marcel Vincent: Life and Work of the Early Eduard Reuss. A contribution to the intellectual-historical prerequisites for biblical criticism in the second quarter of the 19th century. Kaiser, Munich 1990.
  • Klaus-Gunther Wesseling:  Reuss, Eduard (Edouard, Édouard). In: Biographisch-Bibliographisches Kirchenlexikon (BBKL). Volume 8, Bautz, Herzberg 1994, ISBN 3-88309-053-0 , Sp. 89-95.
  • Jean Marcel Vincent: Un combat pour le progrès des sciences théologiques en France au XIXe siècle. La correspondance Édouard Reuss - Michel Nicolas. In: Revue d'Histoire et de Philosophie Religieuses 83, 2003, pp. 89–117 ( digitized version ).
  • Michaela Bauks :  Reuss, Eduard . In: Religion Past and Present (RGG). 4th edition. Volume 7, Mohr-Siebeck, Tübingen 2004, Sp. 471.
  • Jean Marcel Vincent: Édouard Reuss, traducteur et interprète du livre de Job. À l'occasion du bicentenaire de la renaissance de l'exégète strasbourgeois. In: Revue d'Histoire et de Philosophie Religieuses 85, 2005, pp. 337-364 ( digitized version ).
  • Caroline Woessner: Édouard Reuss (1804-1891). Un théologies alsacien du XIXe siècle: 1848–1891. Université Marc Bloch, Strasbourg 2006.

Web links

Commons : Édouard Reuss  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Reuss in the Georg Büchner portal .
personal data
SURNAME Reuss, Eduard
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Reuss, Eduard Wilhelm Eugen (full name); Reuss, Édouard Guillaume Eugène
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Franco-German Protestant theologian
DATE OF BIRTH July 18, 1804
PLACE OF BIRTH Strasbourg
DATE OF DEATH April 15, 1891
Place of death Strasbourg