Eduard Study

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Eduard Study

Eduard Study , more precisely Christian Hugo Eduard Study (born March 23, 1862 in Coburg , † January 6, 1930 in Bonn ) was a German mathematician .

Study made important contributions to the invariant theory of ternary forms, to hyper-complex numbers , especially the dual numbers , to line geometry and Lie's spherical geometry, and to spherical trigonometry . He also made contributions to biology , quantum chemistry and philosophy . Study was a lonely autodidact and one of the last great (classical) geometers.

Life

Eduard Study was born in Coburg on March 23, 1862, the son of Carl Traugott Wilhelm Study and Caroline Therese Henriette von Langsdorff. His father was a professor of German , Latin , Greek , and history at the Coburg grammar school . His maternal great-grandfather, Karl Christian von Langsdorf , had been a professor of mathematics; his maternal grandfather, Wilhelm Gustav von Langsdorff ( Gustav Wilhelm Langsdorf (1803–1847)), had taught applied mathematics and mining and salt works.

Study was four years old when his mother died. Two years later, the father married his sister-in-law, who also died a few years later when Eduard Study was eleven years old. In the following years he was brought up by the strict hand of his father.

Eduard Study graduated from high school in Coburg and began studying at the University of Jena with the biologist Ernst Häckel in the winter semester of 1880/1881 . At that time, his passion was biology as well as geometry. Study has already published its first publications on both subjects.

Study moved to the University of Strasbourg in the winter semester of 1881/1882 , where he studied with Theodor Reye (1838–1919) and re-engaged with the synthetic method . He then moved to the University of Leipzig for the winter semester of 1882/1883 , briefly returned to Strasbourg in the autumn of 1883 and then studied in Munich.

In 1884 Study successfully applied the symbolic calculation to win the first prize in a prize-giving from the Technical University of Munich. In 1885 he received his doctorate with a thesis on Graßmann's expansion theory.

Study then returned to the University of Leipzig, where he began working on his habilitation with Felix Klein . During this time he was sent, together with David Hilbert , von Klein to study in Paris; later a stay in Erlangen followed.

After Study had completed his habilitation, he married his cousin Lina von Langsdorff in 1888; the two had a daughter Trude (born June 26, 1889) as the only child.

When his relationship with Klein became very problematic, Study left Leipzig in July 1888 and accepted a private lecturer grant in Marburg.

In 1889 Study published his first book, Method for the Theory of Ternary Forms , which, however, sold poorly and only received noteworthy attention in 1982 in a new edition initiated by Gian-Carlo Rota .

From July 1893 to April 1894 he stayed at various universities in the USA. He then took up a position as associate professor in Bonn, which he held until 1897.

In 1897 he received his first position as a full professor at the University of Greifswald . During this time Study wrote his greatest work, published in 1903, Geometry of the Dynamen .

In 1904 he switched to a full professorship at the University of Bonn . In 1911 he was elected a corresponding member of the Göttingen Academy of Sciences and in 1923 of the Prussian Academy of Sciences . From 1927 he was a corresponding member of the Bavarian Academy of Sciences . At the end of the summer semester of 1927 he was retired.

On January 6, 1930, Study died of gastric cancer. The cremation took place on January 9th in Mainz; the urn was buried in Bonn in the Poppelsdorf cemetery .

Works

literature

  • Friedrich Engel : Eduard Study . In: German Mathematicians Association (ed.): Annual report of the German Mathematicians Association . tape 40 . Teubner, 1931, ISSN  0012-0456 , p. 133–156 ( uni-goettingen.de - commemorative speech 1930 with photo between p. 107 and 108).
  • Yvonne Hartwich: Eduard Study (1862-1930). A mathematical Mephistopheles in the geometric garden . 2005 ( ubm.opus.hbz-nrw.de - dissertation at the University of Mainz).
  • Peter Ullrich: “Dear friend and guardian angel!”… “Sincerely yours Deibel.” About the correspondence between Friedrich Engel and Eduard Study. In: Hartmut Roloff et al. (Ed.): Paths to Adam Ries. Conference on the history of mathematics (Erfurt 2002). Rauner, Augsburg 2004, pp. 389-403 ( geb.uni-giessen.de ).

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Holger Krahnke: The members of the Academy of Sciences in Göttingen 1751-2001 (= Treatises of the Academy of Sciences in Göttingen, Philological-Historical Class. Volume 3, Vol. 246 = Treatises of the Academy of Sciences in Göttingen, Mathematical-Physical Class. Episode 3, vol. 50). Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, Göttingen 2001, ISBN 3-525-82516-1 , p. 236.
personal data
SURNAME Study, Eduard
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Study, Christian Hugo Eduard (full name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German mathematician
DATE OF BIRTH March 23, 1862
PLACE OF BIRTH Coburg
DATE OF DEATH January 6, 1930
Place of death Bonn