Elias Hurwicz

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Elias Hurwicz (born May 1, 1884 in Rahatschou (Rogatschow), Russian Empire ; died September 30, 1973 in Berlin ) was a German legal scholar, criminologist , sociologist and publicist of Russian-Jewish origin.

Life

The timber merchant, banker and scholar Saul Israel Hurwitz (1860–1922) emigrated to Berlin in 1905 with his wife and three children Elias, Isser and Betty before an impending pogrom from the Ukrainian city of Gluchow . His son Elias began studying at the University of Kiev in 1902 and thereby deepened his knowledge of German. At home, Russian was spoken as the language of educated Jews. When the university was closed during the unrest in 1905 , Hurwicz decided to continue his studies at the Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität in Berlin , where he received his doctorate in law under Franz von Liszt in 1910 . Until 1914 he was in the criminology seminar v. Liszts active. There he dealt with questions of legal philosophy and criminal law. Hurwitz published various articles in the archive for criminology and in the monthly magazine for criminal psychology , for example on crime and prostitution of the female servants , the facial expression of the corpse in a criminalistic relationship and the text The love double suicide: a psychological study .

While his father was expelled when the war broke out, Hurwicz was able to stay in the German Empire. After the end of the war, Hurwicz developed a lively publication activity on the questions raised in the German political public about the Russian revolutions and the redesigned Eastern European map. From 1918 to 1927 he published on the Weltbühne , where he was the specialist for Russian questions. The Jewish historian Simon Dubnow , who was distantly related to him, stayed in Berlin from 1922 and Hurwicz translated the last volume of his world history of the Jewish people for him , as this was to be the first to appear in German in the Jüdischer Verlag . In 1926 he translated Dubnow's letters from old and new Judaism . In 1937 he published his autobiography in a German translation in a shortened version in the Jewish Book Association Berlin. In addition to political and sociological writings, Hurwicz has also translated literary works by Lev Tolstoy and Shalom Asch .

From 1927 he dealt with the writings of Carl Schmitt and from 1930 with Ernst Jünger's collective publication Krieg und Krieger . The writings of the Jünger brothers would have shaken and upset him. In an autobiographical article he writes:

"It is horrific to see how the war, twelve years after the end of the First World War, became an idée fixe in people's minds and an omnipresent state, even in peace, which only appeared as an interlude."

Under this impression he wrote an article and forwarded the manuscript to Carl Muth , who published the article under the title The Apocalyptic Rider in his magazine Hochland in 1932 . Muth then asked him to publish further articles in the magazine. Hurwicz then published essays on the Tat-Kreis , the Stahlhelm and the Ring Movement as well as the article The Paths of Communism in Germany . Hurwicz 'contributions appeared under various pseudonyms in the period from May 1932 to July 1938. The pseudonyms were: Ferdinand Muralt : Michael Berg and Alexis Gotthard .

During the period of National Socialism , Hurwicz and his daughter Angelika survived the Holocaust through his privileged marriage to a German non-Jew. Hurwicz was a member of the Reich Association of Jews in Germany and worked in the Jewish school. When the books were burned in Germany in 1933 , his name appeared on the list drawn up by Wolfgang Herrmann . In 1938 three of his titles were on the list of harmful and undesirable literature : History of the Russian Civil War ; History of the recent Russian revolution ; To reform political thought .

After the end of the war, Hurwicz became active as a journalist for the Jewish community of Berlin .

Hurwicz's daughter Angelika Hurwicz (1922–1999) became an actress and director and worked in Berlin for the Berliner Ensemble, among others . Hurwicz was related to the Russian-Swiss philosopher Anna Tumarkin through his mother's family.

Fonts (selection)

  • Rudolf von Ihering and German jurisprudence: with special consideration of criminal law , Berlin: J. Guttentag, GmbH, 1911
  • Russia's political soul. Russian Confessions , Berlin: S. Fischer, 1918
  • The souls of the peoples: their peculiarities and meaning in the life of peoples: Ideas for a peoples psychology , Gotha: FA Perthes, 1920
  • On the reform of political thought , Munich: Drei Masken Verlag, 1921
  • History of the recent Russian Revolution , Berlin: "The Firn". Publishing house for practical politics and intellectual renewal, 1922
  • The Orientpolitik of the III. Internationale , Berlin: German Publishing House for Politics and History, 1922
  • Statesmen and adventurers. Russian portraits from Witte to Trotsky, 1891-1925 , Leipzig: CL Hirschfeld, 1925
  • The new east. Changes and prospects , Berlin: ES Mittler & Sohn, 1926
  • History of the Russian Civil War , Berlin: E. Laub'sche Verlh., 1927
  • with Friedrich Steinmann: Konstantin Petrowitsch Pobjedonoszew, the statesman of the reaction under Alexander III. , Königsberg, Berlin: Ost-Europa-Verl. 1933
  • Simon Dubnow, My Life . Edited by Elias Hurwicz, Jewish Book Association, Berlin 1937, from d. Soot. trans. by Elias Hurwicz u. Bernhard Hirschberg-Schrader.
  • The theomachy in Judaism . in: highlands. Monthly for all areas d. Knowledge, d. Literature and Art. 1952, (44) No. 5, pp. 416-431
autobiographical
  • From childhood and youth memories. In: The way. Journal for Questions of Judaism , Volume 1 1946, Issue 18 (June 28, 1946) to Issue 32
  • From the memories of an outsider . in: Hochland , 1952, 5, pp. 446-454
Translations

literature

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Saul Israel Hurwitz at dnb
  2. ^ Saul Israel Hurwitz at Jewish virtual library
  3. ↑ Elias Hurwicz, From childhood and youth memories. In: The way. Journal for Questions of Judaism. Berlin, ongoing from issue 18, June 1946, to issue 32
  4. ↑ Elias Hurwicz: From the memories of an absurd . In: Hochland , 1952, p. 447.
  5. ↑ Listing in: Gustav Kafka , Handbook of Comparative Psychology , Volume 3, 1922 djvu
  6. ↑ Treatises from the field of sex research; 2.2, Bonn: Marcus & Weber, 1920 dnb
  7. ↑ Friedhelm Greis, Stefanie Oswalt (ed.): Make Germany out of Teutschland, A political reading book for the world stage; Lukas Verlag, Berlin 2008 p. 179, ISBN 9783867320269
  8. ↑ “This book was delivered to the members of the Jewish Book Association as the third volume in the annual series in 1937”, ibid. P. 4
  9. ↑ Elias Hurwicz: From the memories of an absurd . In: Hochland , 1952, p. 453
  10. ↑ Elias Hurwicz: From the memories of an absurd . In: Hochland , 1952, p. 453.
  11. ↑ Konrad Ackermann: The resistance of the monthly Hochland against National Socialism. Kösel, Munich 1965, pp. 106–111, 120
  12. ↑ Elias Hurwicz in Burned Books
personal data
SURNAME Hurwicz, Elias
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Jewish-Russian sociologist
DATE OF BIRTH May 1, 1884
PLACE OF BIRTH Rahatschou (Rogachev), Russian Empire
DATE OF DEATH September 30, 1973
Place of death Berlin