Ellen Ammann

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Ellen Ammann with the papal order "Pro Ecclesia et Pontifice"
Ellen Ammann around 1920
Grave of Ellen Ammann in the old southern cemetery in Munich- ( location )
Epitaph
Obituary for Ellen Ammann, archived in the Ida-Seele archive

Ellen Aurora Elisabeth Morgenröte Ammann (born Sundström ; born July 1, 1870 in Stockholm ; † November 23, 1932 in Munich ) was a Swedish-German politician ( BVP ), founder of the Catholic Bavarian Women's Association, member of the state parliament and church activist. She was a pioneer of modern social work and played a major role in the suppression of the Hitler coup in Munich in 1923.

Live and act

Baptized Protestant, Ellen was raised in the spirit of the Catholic Church by her mother, who secretly converted to Catholicism in 1881. After graduating from high school , she studied Swedish therapeutic gymnastics , the founder of which is considered to be Pehr Henrik Ling . Ellen Sundström did not complete her studies because she fell in love with the German orthopedic surgeon Ottmar Ammann, who was in Stockholm for further training in therapeutic gymnastics and who lived with the Sundström family as a sublet. They married in October 1890 and 20-year-old Ellen Ammann moved to Munich with her husband. Six children were born to the couple.

Ellen Ammann soon got involved in charitable work. In 1895 she was one of the founders of the Marian Girls' Protection Association . Two years later, with the support of Countess Christiane von Preysing-Lichtenegg-Moos , she founded the first Catholic station mission in Munich, which she headed for more than two decades. She was also actively involved in founding the Munich branch of the Catholic Women's Association, which she took over as chairman on December 6, 1904. In 1911 she founded the Bavarian State Association of the Catholic Women's Association.

Ellen Ammann soon realized that “in addition to the women's school that completes the secondary school for girls, special female educational institutions should be set up to prepare for the charitable work of paid or voluntary social workers in this area”. “Spiritual motherliness” alone was no longer enough for her. She took the view:

"Social work must not get stuck in amateurism, because it is responsible work on people, more like any other."

Based on this knowledge, Ellen Ammann began building and expanding a social and charitable women's school in the fall of 1909, which was expanded to two years in 1916, with an exam after the one-year lower and one year upper school. She received support from Alice Salomon , to whom Ellen Ammann wrote in 1916:

“Dear, esteemed Miss Doctor, the time has
come! The social and charitable woman training in Munich offers finally, thanks to their support and intellectual stimulation, training of closed courses on ... They have much charitable social and the establishment of a woman training in Munich, even in Bavaria, contributed
Sincerely
your
Ellen Ammann "

Until her death, she taught the subject “Women's Issues and Women's Movement” once a week. The educational institution founded by Ellen Ammann was one of the first programmatic training institutions for social work in Germany. Her daughter Maria Ammann headed the social women's school from 1929 to 1961, which was integrated into today's Catholic Foundation College in Munich in July 1970 .

In 1914, Ellen Amman was awarded the Pontifical Order Pro Ecclesia et Pontifice for her charitable work. In 1919 she founded the Association of Catholic Deacons (today: Secular Institute Ancillae Sanctae Ecclesiae ), the original impulse of which goes back to the idea of ​​the so-called “third women's profession”. In this regard, she balanced:

“In addition to married women, we need a crowd of unmarried women who are independent, who have renounced marriage out of love for God and who have completely dedicated themselves to the movement, to social reconciliation work, to Caritas with all their might, and not at all as nuns, but in that third profession of the virgin in the world, which has yet to develop to full bloom. "

After the introduction of women's suffrage in November 1918, Ellen Ammann was one of the first women to be elected to the Bavarian People's Party in the Bavarian State Parliament in 1919 , to which she belonged until 1932. She represented the areas of youth welfare, health care, public welfare and welfare work in the Bavarian state parliament.

As one of the few politicians of the time, she viewed with particular concern the increasing "strengthening of National Socialism, the danger of which she recognized from the start, correctly assessed and warned against it early enough. In the spring of 1923 she tried to have Adolf Hitler expelled from Bavaria. She played a key role in the suppression of the Hitler coup of November 9, 1923. After she learned of the planned march to the Feldherrnhalle, she gathered all members of the government who could be reached in her school. ”In a resolution to the Bavarian people, the putsch was condemned as a state crime. Ammann made sure that people at risk could get themselves to safety and that units of the Reichswehr were relocated to Munich. The then incumbent Bavarian Minister of Education, Franz Matt later recalled with the words:

"At that time, my colleague Ammann had shown more courage than some gentlemen."

Immediately after giving a speech in parliament about helping families with many children , Ellen Ammann died of a stroke in 1932.

tomb

The grave of Ellen Ammann is in the Old Southern Cemetery in Munich (Grabfeld 32-Reihe 1-Grab 12/13) - ( location ).

Honors

  • Pontifical Order "Pro Ecclesia et Pontifice"
  • Caritas children's home "Ellen Ammann" in Munich-Hadern
  • “Ellen Ammann Prize” of the Catholic German Women's Association, Bavarian State Association
  • Ellen-Ammann-Strasse in Ingolstadt
  • Ellen-Ammann-Weg in Munich-Blumenau
  • Ellen-Ammann-Weg in Regensburg
  • On the occasion of Ellen Ammann's 150th birthday, the Bavarian regional association of the Catholic German Women's Association (KDFB), supported by Munich Auxiliary Bishop Wolfgang Bischof , requested Cardinal Reinhard Marx to initiate a beatification process for the Catholic women’s movement. The cause is also supported by the following other institutions founded by Ellen Ammann: Secular institute Ancillae Sanctae Ecclesiae - Deaconesses in everyday life, Catholic station mission Munich, IN VIA Bavaria and IN VIA Munich, KSH, Catholic police chaplaincy Bavaria, rural women’s association in the KDFB, Bavarian consumer service in the KDFB, Familienpflegewerk KDFBs and educational work of the KDFB.

literature

  • Roswitha von Bary-Armansperg:  Ammann, Ellen. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 1, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1953, ISBN 3-428-00182-6 , p. 251 ( digitized version ).
  • Manfred Berger : Leading women in social responsibility: Ellen Ammann. In: Christ and Education. 1991, issue 11/12, p. 370.
  • Manfred Berger: Ammann, Ellen Aurora. In: Hugo Maier (Ed.): Who is who of social work . Lambertus, Freiburg 1998, ISBN 3-7841-1036-3 , pp. 40f.
  • Manfred Berger:  Ammann, Ellen Aurora Elisabeth Dawn. In: Biographisch-Bibliographisches Kirchenlexikon (BBKL). Volume 20, Bautz, Nordhausen 2002, ISBN 3-88309-091-3 , Sp. 27-34.
  • Manfred Berger: Women in Social Responsibility: Ellen Ammann. In: Unser Jugend , 59, 2007, issue 4, pp. 176–179
  • Manfred Berger: Who was ... Ellen Ammann? In: Sozialmagazin , 2000, issue 2, pp. 6-8
  • Manfred Berger: Alice Salomon: Pioneer of social work and the women's movement . Brandes & Apsel, Frankfurt, 3rd edition, 2013, ISBN 978-3-86099-276-0 .
  • Gerhard Hohenwarter: The Bavarian State Association of the Catholic German Women's Association. Its history and development are shown using selected women's biographies as an example . Munich 2002
  • Gunda Holtmann: Ellen Ammann - an intellectual biography: a contribution to the history of social work in the context of the Catholic women's movement and the 'Catholic German Women's Association' at the beginning of the 20th century (= Bibliotheca academica / History series, 9). Ergon Verlag, Würzburg 2017, ISBN 978-3-95650-270-5 .
  • Marianne Neboisa: Ellen Ammann, b. Sundström: 1870-1932; Documentation and interpretation of a diaconal women's life. EOS-Verlag, St. Ottilien 1992, ISBN 978-3-88096-280-4 .
  • Ellen Ammann. In: KulturGeschichtsPfad - District 03: Maxvorstadt . (PDF; 3.6 MB) City of Munich, 2009, p. 58
  • Bavarian State Association of the Catholic German Women's Association V. (Ed.), Gerlinde Wosgien et al.: Nine decades of strong women in Bavaria and the Palatinate: Chronicle of the Bavarian State Association of the Catholic German Women's Association 1911–2001. Bavarian State Association of the Catholic Deutschend Frauenbund, Munich 2001, DNB 963667009 .
  • Adelheid Schmidt-Thomé: Ellen Ammann. Women's movement Catholic Pustet, Regensburg 2020, ISBN 978-3-7917-3128-5 .

Web links

Commons : Ellen Ammann  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Ellen Ammann in the parliamentary database at the House of Bavarian History
  2. ↑ a b Jakob Wetzel: 90 years after Hitler putsch: Forgotten resistance fighter. In: Süddeutsche Zeitung . November 10, 2013, accessed July 1, 2020 .
  3. ^ History. In: Frauenbund-bayern.de . Archived from the original on June 23, 2015 ; accessed on July 1, 2020 .
  4. ↑ Quoted from Hohenwarter 2002, p. 8.
  5. ↑ Quoted from Hohenwarter 2002, p. 9.
  6. ↑ Quoted from Berger 2018, p. 47.
  7. ↑ About us. Secular Institute Ancillae Sanctae Ecclesiae, archived from the original on June 23, 2015 ; accessed on July 1, 2020 .
  8. ↑ Quoted from Berger 2002, Col. 33
  9. ↑ Hohenwarter 2002, p. 18
  10. ↑ Quoted from Berger 2002, col. 32.
    See Hohenwarter 2002, p. 18 ff.
personal data
SURNAME Ammann, Ellen
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Ammann, Ellen Aurora Elisabeth Dawn; Sundström, Ellen Aurora Elisabeth Morgenröte (maiden name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Swedish-German women's rights activist
DATE OF BIRTH July 1, 1870
PLACE OF BIRTH Stockholm
DATE OF DEATH November 23, 1932
Place of death Munich