2017 Kermanshah earthquake
| Kermanshah earthquake | |||
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| date | November 12, 2017 | ||
| Time | 18:18:17 UTC | ||
| intensity | VIII on the MM scale | ||
| Magnitude | 7.3 M W | ||
| depth | 19 km | ||
| epicenter | 34 ° 54 '40 " N , 45 ° 57' 32" E | ||
| country | Iran | ||
| dead | 629 | ||
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The Kermanshah earthquake on November 12, 2017 occurred at 9:48 p.m. Iranian local time and 9:18 p.m. Iraqi time in the Iranian province of Kermanshah on the border with Iraq . It had a magnitude of 7.3 M w and was the deadliest earthquake of 2017.
Geological situation
Iran lies in a seismically active region. The Arabian Plate borders the Eurasian Plate here and moves a few centimeters northwards each year. In the southeast of Iran it dips under the Eurasian plate ( subduction ), in the northwest the plates rub directly against each other ( leaf displacement ), the Zāgros Mountains result from these geological processes. The earthquake was caused by a thrust with a lateral movement component, that is, one plate moved obliquely vertically upwards and over the other plate. The fracture area of the quake center is estimated at 65 × 25 km .
Over the previous hundred years, four other earthquakes with magnitudes greater than 6.0 have occurred within 250 km of the epicenter of the earthquake on November 12, 2017. The last of these was a magnitude 6.1 earthquake about 100 km south of the 2017 earthquake that occurred in January 1967. In the late 1950s and early 1960s, there was a cluster of earthquakes with magnitudes of 6.0 to 6.7 along the plate boundary about 200 km further southeast of the 2017 earthquake. In November 2013, a series of earthquakes up to magnitude 5.8 struck a region about 60 kilometers south of the 2017 earthquake, which caused dozens of injuries and damage in 40 villages in Iran. However, the effects of an earthquake with a magnitude of 7.4 in June 1990 , which occurred 400 km northeast of the earthquake on November 12, 2017, resulted in 40,000–50,000 deaths and more than 60,000 injuries, and more than 600,000 residents in the area Rash , Qazvin and Zanjan in Iran have been left homeless.
Victims and damage
According to official figures, 629 people were killed and thousands injured in the earthquake. There were power outages in many cities. For fear of aftershocks, many people did not return to their homes, but spent the following nights on streets and in parks in low temperatures. The UN estimated that around 1.8 million people live within 100 km of the epicenter. Over 200 aftershocks were registered in the first few days after the quake.
Iran
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In Iran, 620 people died from the earthquake. It was the deadliest earthquake in the country since the Bam earthquake in 2003 . A provincial government official said two days after the quake that 430 death certificates had been issued, but it is estimated that an additional 100–150 victims of the quake were buried without government registration. On December 11, the state news agency reported 620 confirmed fatalities. Almost 12,400 people were injured, of which more than 1,340 were in inpatient treatment four days after the quake .
The most affected city was Sarpol-e Sahab in the province of Kermanshah, where 559 people were killed alone. The city's hospital was very badly damaged, which is why hundreds of injured people brought in could not be treated. There were reports that the city's water, gas and telephone networks had also been destroyed. 49 other health facilities in the province were damaged but were able to continue operating. According to the World Health Organization , 80% of the cities of Sarpol-e Sahab and Qasr-e Shirin were destroyed.
Seven large cities and 1,950 villages in Kermanshah province were affected. Some of them could not be reached by aid teams in the first days after the quake because roads became impassable due to landslides .
Red Crescent teams were sent to the affected region with search dogs, as well as units of the police, the Revolutionary Guard and the Basiji militia . Hundreds of ambulances and dozens of army helicopters were deployed in the disaster. 200 injured were flown to Tehran for treatment . On November 14th, the state television reported that the rescue operations in the earthquake area will be suspended, as the probability of finding survivors is very low.
Around 12,000 houses were completely destroyed, another 15,000 damaged. Local authorities estimated that around 100,000 people in Iran were left homeless as a result of the quake. The Red Crescent brought thousands of tents to the affected region, but distribution was difficult in the first three days. After five days, the entire Kermanshah province was again supplied with gas, water and electricity.
A three-day state mourning was declared in the province of Kermanshah, and November 14, 2017 was declared a day of mourning throughout the state of Iran.
The ISNA news agency put the property damage in Iran at 5 billion euros.
Iraq
Nine people were victims of the quake in Iraq. At least 550 were injured. The hardest hit in Iraq was the city of Darbandichan in the Kurdistan Autonomous Region , where houses collapsed and the power grid and water pipes were damaged. In Halabja there was damage to the waterworks .
In Erbil , the tremors from the quake could be felt for over a minute. In Sulaimaniyya , about 100 km from the epicenter, there was damage to buildings.
In Baghdad , the quake was felt for about 20 seconds.
Other countries
In Turkey , the quake was perceived in the big city Diyarbakir people fled from their homes. The quake could also be felt in Lebanon , Israel , Kuwait and Pakistan .
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International aid
Turkey sent an aid convoy of 50 trucks to Iraq and a rescue team was flown from Ankara to Sulaimaniyya. The Turkish Red Crescent brought blankets and tents to the disaster region.
Italy sent 12 tons of relief supplies such as tents, blankets and hygiene items by plane to Sulaimaniyya.
The Iranian Foreign Minister Mohammad Jawad Zarif thanked for the international sympathy and offers of help, but decided against international aid. Iran has the situation under control for the time being. The World Health Organization had first aid equipment and medical supplies flown to Iran to help care for the injured and sent a team of doctors and three ambulances from its Iraqi branch to the Iraqi province of Sulaimaniyya . Pakistan also sent a plane with relief supplies to Tehran .
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c d M 7.3 - 29km S of Halabjah, Iraq. United States Geological Survey , accessed October 6, 2019 .
- ↑ M 7.3 - IRAN-IRAQ BORDER REGION - 2017-11-12 18:18:17 UTC. European-Mediterranean Seismological Center , accessed November 13, 2017 .
- ↑ a b c d Iran-Iraq earthquake: Hundreds killed as border region hit. BBC , November 13, 2017, accessed November 13, 2017 .
- ↑ Jens Skapski: Strong swarm of earthquakes in the border region of Iran and Iraq - damage and injuries - several earthquakes noticeable as far as Baghdad. In: erdbebennews.de. Retrieved November 14, 2017 .
- ↑ a b c Western Iran fatal quake death toll rises to 620. Islamic Republic News Agency , December 11, 2017, accessed on December 13, 2017 .
- ↑ a b Iraq: Humanitarian Bulletin, November 2017 | Issued on December 8th. United Nations - Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs , December 8, 2017, accessed December 9, 2017 .
- ↑ a b c d e Saeed Kamali Dehghan, Martin Farrer: Iran-Iraq earthquake: death toll climbs to more than 400. In: The Guardian . November 13, 2017, accessed November 13, 2017 .
- ↑ a b c Iran stops rescue operations in the earthquake area. In: The Standard . November 14, 2017. Retrieved November 14, 2017 .
- ↑ a b Saeed Kamali Dehghan: Officials raise Iran-Iraq earthquake death toll to at least 530. In: The Guardian . November 14, 2017, accessed November 14, 2017 .
- ↑ a b c WHO airlifts medical supplies to treat wounded in Islamic Republic of Iran-Iraq earthquake. World Health Organization , November 16, 2017, accessed November 16, 2017 .
- ↑ Iran quake death toll mounts to 483, over 12,000 injured. Islamic Republic News Agency , November 26, 2017, accessed November 27, 2017 .
- ↑ a b Thomas Erdbrink: Iran-Iraq Earthquake Kills More Than 500 In: The New York Times . November 13, 2017, accessed November 14, 2017 .
- ↑ a b Shirzad Bozorgmehr, James Masters: Powerful Iran-Iraq earthquake is deadliest of 2017. CNN , November 13, 2017, accessed on November 13, 2017 (English).
- ↑ a b c d e Earthquake on the Iraqi-Iranian border: Search for survivors. In: The Standard . November 13, 2017. Retrieved November 13, 2017 .
- ↑ a b c After the earthquake in Iran there was no longer any hope of survivors. In: The Standard . November 17, 2017. Retrieved November 18, 2017 .
- ↑ a b Thomas Erdbrink: 'I Am Alive': Survivors of Iran Earthquake Mourn as Government Scrambles to Help. In: The New York Times . November 14, 2017, accessed November 15, 2017 .
- ↑ Iran earthquake caused damage worth € 5 billion. In: Hindustan Times . November 17, 2017, accessed November 19, 2017 .
- ^ Abadi orders funds for earthquake victims, reconstruction. Rudaw Media Network , November 26, 2017, accessed November 27, 2017 .
- ^ Alfano: "Humanitarian flight carrying 12 tons of relief supplies is about to take off for Suleymania". Italian Ministry of Foreign Affairs , November 13, 2017, accessed November 14, 2017 .
- ↑ Pakistan relief assistance for Iran quake victims arrives in Tehran. United Nations - Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs , November 18, 2017, accessed November 18, 2017 .