Church of the Redeemer (Eichstätt)
The Erlöserkirche ( ) in Eichstätt is an Evangelical Lutheran church in the district and university town of the Upper Bavarian district of Eichstätt and in the Evangelical Evangelical Lutheran Deanery Pappenheim .
location
The Erlöserkirche is located in the middle of the old town at the transition from Residenzplatz to Leonrodplatz; it has the house number Residenzplatz 17.
prehistory
In Eichstätt, as the residential town of the Prince Diocese of Eichstätt , there were no Protestant Christians until the secularization of 1803. It is true that the Reformation movement affected Eichstätt. However, it could only gain a foothold where the Diocese of Eichstätt intersected with other rulers, namely with the Duchy of Palatinate-Neuburg , where the Counter- Reformation restored the pre-Reformation religious conditions, and with the Margraviate of Ansbach-Brandenburg . After secularization, Protestant Christians also settled in the heart of the diocese, the former bishopric, and in the episcopal city, albeit in small numbers at first. The evangelical-Lutheran congregation that gradually emerged did not initially have its own church, but was dependent on the church of Bieswang near Pappenheim, three hours away , where the Reformation had taken place in 1566/67 under the imperial hereditary marshals and counts of Pappenheim ; their coat of arms can also be found in the church there.
From November 16, 1845, there were Protestant services in Eichstätt. They were first held fortnightly in the upper hall of the town hall, then from 1848 (inauguration: November 26th) in a church room that was set up in the front building of the baroque court in Welden. This courtyard was very likely built by Gabriel de Gabrieli on behalf of the canon and cathedral dean Johann Ludwig Joseph Freiherr von Welden (* 1707; † 1748) and was bought from a coffee and wine host in 1847 and rebuilt until 1848 (since 1886 he has served with the address Leonrodplatz 2 as a Protestant rectory). As a result, a tradition was taken up again, as it were, because Welden had also built a St. Joseph's Chapel on the ground floor. The vicar of the Evangelical Vicariate of Eichstätt, established in 1849, lived in the rear annex . The medieval, round tower, also located in the rear part of the building, served as a bell tower. In 1864 the vicariate was converted into a parish office, whereby the branch relationship with Bieswang expired. The further growth of the community eventually made it necessary to build a larger church.
The Church of the Redeemer
The planning contract was received in January 1882 by the architect August Thiersch (1843–1917), professor at the Technical University of Munich , whose main work was the Catholic St. Ursula Church in Munich-Schwabing from 1894 to 1897. He provided the plans, which he had to change several times. The groundbreaking ceremony took place on May 11, 1886 and the foundation stone was laid on June 30, 1886. The church building is oriented approximately north-south in connection with Hof Welden; It was built in a neo-Romanesque- Italian style as a three-aisled, basilica complex with a towering, pyramid- crowned tower, whereby the church stands out clearly from the predominantly baroque cityscape. The inauguration took place on November 23, 1887.
The top construction management was with Professor Thiersch. The building was mainly made of bricks (from Gaimersheim ). The rectangular nave has a wooden coffered ceiling. The semicircular, raised chancel, illuminated by three arched windows, is located in the north of the building, the polygonal baptistery on the eastern long side. The four-storey bell tower in the manner of a campanile is leaned against the nave southwest of the church. The Christ relief above the entrance portal of the polygonal vestibule, which also contains the organ gallery, is the work of the sculptor Josef Beyrer in Munich. In 1979 the previously unnamed church was given the name “Church of the Redeemer”.
Interior
The interior of the Erlöserkirche is kept simple according to the plans of Professor Thiersch. Worth mentioning are the windows with stained glass by Karl de Bouché , Munich, in the apse, which depict Christ , Peter and Paul in life-size, and those of the baptistery; the history painter Ludwig Thiersch provided the drafts . After a drawing by August Thiersch, the crucifix made of Carrara marble was also made by the Munich sculptor Thomas Dennerlein ; Originally placed in the chancel, the crucifix is now in the meditation corner at the back of the church, which has existed since 1999 . Dennerlein also created the eagle as a symbol of John the Evangelist under the pulpit. The original wall paintings of the apse and nave have not been seen since a renovation in 1959. The organ, which is still used today, was built by the Steinmeyer company in Oettingen . In 1960 three new bells were added to the tower, cast by the Bachert bell foundry in Karlsruhe . The mighty figure of the Redeemer in the apse behind the altar was made from a Jura marble slab by the sculptor Reinhard Fuchs , Untersteinbach; it was consecrated on November 24, 1974. The bronze baptismal font cover created by Professor Jürgen Weber , Braunschweig , dates from 1977 and shows the baptism of Jesus . - The walls of the aisles have occasionally been used for exhibition purposes in recent years. A modern work of art has been standing outside to the right of the vestibule with its fan-shaped staircase for several years.
The original north gate to Hof Welden, which is reminiscent of the court owner and canon Johannes Rudolf Vogt von Summerau († 1601) with a Latin inscription from 1578 , was rebuilt after the conversion of the neighboring former Humanistic Gymnasium (1842–1977), the former Ulm court, for the branch library of the Catholic University of Eichstätt-Ingolstadt, rebuilt free-standing behind the Protestant rectory.
literature
- Speeches and sermons, given at the celebration of the inauguration of the new Protestant church in Eichstätt on November 23, 1887. Eichstätt 1887, 22 pages
- Felix Mader (editor): The art monuments of Middle Franconia. I City of Eichstätt . Munich: R. Oldenbourg-Verlag 1924 (reprinted unchanged 1981), esp. Pp. 699–702
- Ev.-luth. Eichstätt Parish Office / Mfr. (Editor): Evangelical Lutheran Church Community of Eichstätt . Eichstatt 1960
- Rudolf Schwarz (preface): Evang.-Luth. Pappenheim church district . Pappenheim 1966, especially p. 19f.
- Birgit Stenger: The Evangelical Church of Eichstätt. The building plans and buildings in the 19th century . In: Collective sheet of the Historical Association Eichstätt 71/72 (1978/79), pp. 13–47
Web links
- History of the Church of the Redeemer Eichstätt
- Bells of the Church of the Redeemer
- Once again the church bells and photos
Individual evidence
- ^ Evangelical Lutheran. Eichstätt parish, 1960, p. 2
- ↑ Schwarz, p. 19
- ↑ Schwarz, p. 20; Evangelical Luth. Eichstätt parish, 1960, p. 2
- ↑ Stenger, p. 21
- ↑ Mader, pp. 700f.
- ↑ Mader, p. 701
- ↑ Mader, p. 702
- ↑ Schwarz, p. 20
- ↑ Mader, p. 702; Stenger, p. 32
- ^ Evangelical Lutheran. Eichstätt parish, 1960, p. 3
- ↑ Srenger, p. 25
- ↑ Stenger, p. 42
- ↑ Stenger, pp. 23-31
- ↑ a b c d e f g History of the Erlöserkirche - Website of the Evangelical Lutheran Church Community of Eichstätt
- ↑ Stenger, p. 36
- ↑ a b Stenger, p. 32
- ↑ a b Stenger, p. 33
- ↑ Stenger, p. 39f.
- ↑ a b Stenger, p. 41
- ↑ Stenger, p. 40
- ^ Evangelical Lutheran. Eichstätt parish, 1960, p. 4
- ↑ Mader, pp. 700, 702
Coordinates: 48 ° 53 '26.8 " N , 11 ° 11' 3.4" E