Ernest A. Gross

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Ernest Arnold Gross (* 23. September 1906 in Brooklyn , New York City ; † 2. May 1999 in New York City) was an American lawyer and diplomat , who from 1947 to 1949 legal adviser to the US State Department (Legal Adviser of the Department of State) and was briefly Assistant Secretary of State for Legislative Affairs in 1949 .

Life

Ernest A. Gross attended De Witt Clinton High School and then began an undergraduate degree at Harvard College , which he finished in 1927. He then studied law at the University of Oxford and the Law School of Harvard University. In 1931 he joined the US State Department as a legal assistant . In 1933 he joined the National Recovery Administration as legal advisor , an agency established by US President Franklin D. Roosevelt as part of the New Deal to combat the Great Depression . In 1934 he left government service and became legal advisor to the National Association of Manufacturers , before returning to the civil service in 1940 and legal advisor to the National Labor Relations Board (NLRB), which is the independent government agency responsible for enforcing labor law in collective bargaining and unfair Working conditions is responsible. During the Second World War he was drafted as a captain for military service in the US Army in 1943. Most recently, he was promoted to lieutenant colonel and was head of the economic affairs division in the civil affairs division of the US War Department's General Staff .

After the end of the war, he returned to the State Department, where between 1946 and 1947 he was the representative of John H. Hilldring , the then head of the Sub-Department for Occupied Areas (Assistant Secretary of State for Occupied Areas) . As the successor to Charles H. Fahy , Gross acted from August 16, 1947 to March 3, 1949 as legal advisor to the US State Department (Legal Adviser of the Department of State) , whereupon Adrian S. Fisher became his successor. As such, he was among the drafters of the Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of Genocide . On March 4, 1949, he took over the post of Head of the Legislative Affairs Division of the State Department ( Assistant Secretary of State for Legislative Affairs ) and held this until October 13, 1949, when Jack K. McFall succeeded him. Subsequently, Secretary of State Dean Acheson appointed him on October 11, 1949 as Deputy Delegate to the United Nations .

As such, Gross represented the United States' Permanent Representative to the United Nations, Warren Austin, and spoke out against attempts by the Soviet Union to transfer UN membership and the seat of the Republic of China on the UN Security Council to the Communist People's Republic of China . On January 13, 1950, he spoke about this in the UN Security Council, with the Soviet representative Yakov Alexandrowitsch Malik evading the discussions on the China question and staying away from the meetings of the Security Council for months. Malik also failed to attend the UN Security Council meeting on June 25, 1950, when it condemned North Korea's attack on South Korea without a Soviet veto and called on Kim Il-sung's troops to withdraw. After Austin returned as Permanent Representative in August 1950, he continued to serve as its deputy until 1953. He was also temporarily legal adviser to the United Nations Undersecretary for Political Affairs, Ralph Bunche , and to the UN Secretary-General Dag Hammarskjöld .

In 1953, Ernest A. Gross retired from the diplomatic service and joined the New York City-based law firm Curtis, Mallet-Prevost, Colt & Mosle as a lawyer . As a lawyer, he filed a lawsuit against the South African government's apartheid policy with the International Court of Justice in the 1960s .

In 1933 he married Kathryn Watson, the daughter of the Republican Senator for Indiana James Eli Watson . From this marriage there were two daughters and one son.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Legal Advisers on the Office of the Historian of the US State Department
  2. ^ Assistant Secretaries of State for Legislative Affairs on the site of the Office of the Historian of the US State Department
personal data
SURNAME Gross, Ernest A.
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Gross, Ernest Arnold (full name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION American diplomat and lawyer
DATE OF BIRTH September 23, 1906
PLACE OF BIRTH Brooklyn , New York City
DATE OF DEATH May 2, 1999
Place of death New York City