Ernst Neumann-Neander

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Ernst Neumann (1905)
Neander motorcycle from 1929
Neander driving machine

Ernst Neumann-Neander (born September 3, 1871 in Kassel as Ernst Neumann ; † November 3, 1954 in Düren - Rölsdorf ) was a German artist and inventor .

Design attributed to Ernst Neumann: Rolls-Royce 40/50 hp Silver Ghost (1914, Chassis # 54PB) Skiff by Schapiro-Schebera , made around 1920

Live and act

Ernst Neumann-Neander, son of the landscape painter Emil Neumann , became famous not only as a painter and graphic artist , but mainly as a designer of automobiles and motor yachts and a motorcycle-loving designer of motorcycles. He built his first motorcycle between 1903 and 1908.

Neumann-Neander, called "N²" by friends and acquaintances because of its versatility, studied painting in Kassel, Munich and Paris. During his time in Munich, he mainly drew caricatures of modern life for the magazines Die Jugend and Simplicissimus . As a draftsman and poster designer of Art Nouveau , he quickly gained a reputation far beyond Munich. He participated in the Schwabing cabaret Elf Scharfrichter and founded a painting and drawing school together with the graphic artist Heinrich Wolff . In 1903 he went to Paris for about five years, where he came into contact with the then important figures in the automotive industry.

In 1908 Neumann settled in Berlin and founded the "Ateliers Neumann", which designed advertisements for all major manufacturers of automobiles, but also for other branches of industry. In addition, he drew car bodies for various clients that were executed according to his designs.

Similar to other artists of his time, the painter and commercial artist Neumann also formed an artist group; In his Berlin “Atelier Ernst Neumann” he formed an artist community with the fresco painter and illustrator August Braun . One of his students was the artist Else Hertzer , whose pictures were represented at the Berlin Secession from 1918 onwards. Around 1912 Neumann also taught at the Charlottenburg School of Applied Arts and Crafts . One of his students there was John Heartfield .

In 1914 Neumann's designs and vehicles were shown at the " Werkbundausstellung " exhibition in Cologne. He finally lost his fortune due to the First World War and the subsequent inflation .

Ernst Neumann-Neander is buried in the new cemetery in Rölsdorf.

Motor vehicle production

While still in Berlin, he designed his first motorcycle. In 1924 he moved to Cologne and founded Neander Motorfahrzeug GmbH based in Euskirchen . Here he built and designed motorcycles for the Allright factory and for himself, which took part in the first major sporting event after the war. Neumann was the oldest participant in the race and reached the finish in Cologne after driving over 2000 km through Germany through ice and snow. From Cologne he started a motorcycle production in Euskirchen and moved to Rölsdorf , Kapellenstraße 40, near Düren in 1926 .

In the 1930s he was involved in the development and construction of so-called driving machines, a mixture of motorcycle and automobile. The Second World War ruined everything. Nevertheless, Ernst Neumann continued to design and developed both a curve tilting device and vehicles for war invalids. In 1951 he began to paint again.

In Rölsdorf there is a memorial plaque on the Macherey-Nagel factory building at the corner of Bahnstrasse and Neumann-Neander-Strasse. The “Neander Shed” in which the constructions were made is still standing today (2021).

literature

  • Hermann Esswein: Ernst Neumann . Modern Illustrators Vol. 6. Piper, Munich 1905
  • Franz Joseph Hall: Light sources from the mind. Frank Wedekind and Ernst Neumann-Neander . Pendragon, Bielefeld 1990 (annual edition of the Pendragon publishing house for the friends of the publishing house at the turn of the year; 1990/91)
  • Reinhold Kraft et al. (Ed.): Ernst Neumann-Neander 1871 - 1954 . [Exhibitions on the occasion of the 50th anniversary of Ernst Neumann's death; The technical work: May 28 to October 3, 2004 in the German Bicycle Museum, Neckarsulm; The artistic work: September 4th to October 24th, 2004 in the Otto-Junker-Haus, Hürtgenwald-Simonskall; September 19 to November 7, 2004 in the Leopold Hoesch Museum, Düren]. Hahne and Schloemer, Düren 2004, ISBN 3-927312-66-5
  • E. Neumann-Neander: Diary of Destruction. Düren in November and December 1944 . Düren 1994, ISBN 3-929096-09-9
  • Roland Opschondek:  Neumann, Ernst. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 19, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1999, ISBN 3-428-00200-8 , p. 143 f. ( Digitized version ).
  • Thomas Trapp: Ernst Neumann Neander and his motorcycles . Bonn 1996, 2nd edition 2001, ISBN 3-89365-546-8
  • Thomas Trapp: Ernst Neumann Neander and his driving machines . 2002, ISBN 3-89880-041-5
  • Rölsdorfer Geschichte (n), published on the occasion of the 125th anniversary of the Schützenbruderschaft Constantia 1877 eV, 2002, pp. 267–290
  • Siegfried Rauch; Frank Rönicke: Men and motorcycles - a century of German motorcycle development. Stuttgart: Motorbuch-Verlag 2008, ISBN 978-3-613-02947-7 , pp. 112-121
  • Neumann, Ernst , in: Detlef Lorenz : Advertising art around 1900. Artist lexicon for collecting pictures . Berlin: Reimer, 2000 ISBN 3-496-01220-X , pp. 144f.

Web links

Commons : Ernst Neumann-Neander  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Thomas Trapp: Ernst Neumann-Neander and his driving machines . P. 8
  2. ↑ People in focus: Ernst Neumann-Neander ( Memento from December 17, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) at prototyp-hamburg.de
  3. ↑ Barbara Kaufhold: German sparkling wine advertising from 1879 to 1918. Their development under economic, social and artistic aspects , inaugural dissertation 2002 at the Faculty of History of the Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum: Ruhr University Bochum, 2002, passim ; as a PDF document
  4. ↑ Else Hertzer. The versatile one. Exhibition catalog, Kunsthaus Apolda Avantgarde, ISBN 978-3-9817420-7-7
  5. ^ Website of the Friends of John Heartfield - Waldsieversdorf e. V., accessed on April 27, 2021
  6. ↑ Address book of the city and district of Düren 1932/1933. Hamel`sche Druckerei und Verlagsgesellschaft, Düren, Rhineland, Part Four, Rölsdorf, p. 32
personal data
SURNAME Neumann-Neander, Ernst
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Neumann, Ernst (maiden name)
SHORT DESCRIPTION German painter, inventor and motorcycle builder
BIRTH DATE September 3, 1871
PLACE OF BIRTH kassel
DATE OF DEATH 3rd November 1954
PLACE OF DEATH Düren -Rölsdorf