Eugene Steinach
Eugen Steinach (born January 22, 1861 in Hohenems , Vorarlberg , † May 14, 1944 in Territet near Montreux ) was an Austrian physiologist and pioneer of sex research .
Life
The son of a Jewish doctor studied medicine at the Universities of Geneva and Vienna , received his doctorate at the University of Innsbruck in 1886 and was Ewald Hering's assistant at the German University in Prague for several years . In 1890 he completed his habilitation there in physiology , became an associate professor in 1895 and a full professor in 1907 and set up the laboratory for general and comparative physiology, the first such institute in the German-speaking area. In 1912 he went to Vienna and took over the management of a department of the biological research institute of the Academy of Sciences . His most important work concerned the physiology of the contractile substance, the sensory and nerve stimulus physiology and above all the sexual physiology.
His method of rejuvenating humans by means of the transplantation of testicles ( rejuvenation through experimental revitalization of the aging pubertal gland , 1920) was controversial in the field of reactivation research . Robert Lichtenstern and Steinach were protagonists of this method. He also described testicular transplantation as "therapy" for homosexuality . After 1945 the controversial xenotransplantation also went out of fashion.
Steinach wanted to achieve the rejuvenation process by tying the vas deferens under or tying them off. His most famous patients in this forerunner of vasectomy , known as vasoligature , were Sigmund Freud and Adolf Lorenz . In 1934, the Nobel Prize for Literature William Butler Yeats was "rejuvenated" by the British physician Norman Haire using the method .
In the 1920s he was the inventor of the first functioning hormone preparation. From 1923 he worked with the German pharmaceutical company Schering , which was one of the leading groups in the field of hormone preparations. In 1928 the ovarian extract Progynon came onto the market in the form of dragees - the preparation developed in the Schering laboratories was manufactured until many years ago and was used against menopausal symptoms, but above all for sex corrections.
After Austria's annexation in 1938, Steinach was unable to return to Vienna from a spa stay in Switzerland .
Honors
- In 1898 he was elected a member of the Leopoldina .
- Ignaz Lieben Prize : 1909 (summation of nerve stimuli) and 1918 (sex hormones)
- In 1955 the Steinachgasse in Vienna- Donaustadt (22nd district) was named after him.
literature
- Heiko Stoff: Steinach, Eugen. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 25, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 2013, ISBN 978-3-428-11206-7 , p. 158 f. ( Digitized version ).
- W. Matt: Steinach Eugen. In: Austrian Biographical Lexicon 1815–1950 (ÖBL). Volume 13, Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, Vienna 2007–2010, ISBN 978-3-7001-6963-5 , p. 156 f. (Direct links on p. 156 , p. 157 ).
- Sonja Walch: Urges, stimuli and signals. Eugen Steinach's Physiology of Sex Hormones. From biological concept to pharmaceutical preparation, 1894–1938. (Science, power and culture in modern history 8) Böhlau-Verlag : Vienna etc. 2016. ISBN 978-3-2052-0200-4 .
- Heiko Stoff: Eternal youth. Concepts of rejuvenation from the late 19th century to the Third Reich. Böhlau Verlag: Cologne 2004, ISBN 3-412-11103-1 .
- Susanne zur Nieden (Ed.): Homosexuality and reasons of state. Masculinity, homophobia and politics in Germany 1900–1945. Campus-Verlag : Frankfurt / M. 2005, ISBN 3-593-37749-7 .
- Volkmar Sigusch , Günter Grau (ed.): Personal Lexicon of Sexual Research , Campus-Verlag: Frankfurt a. M. 2009 ISBN 978-3-593-39049-9
Web links
- Literature by and about Eugen Steinach in the catalog of the German National Library
- Wikisource
- Genealogy database of the Jewish Museum Hohenems
- Eugene Steinach
- Freudian missteps
- The wrong idol, Magnus Hirschfeld
Individual evidence
- ↑ Frank Thadeusz, DER SPIEGEL: When Sigmund Freud mutilated the Queen's future mother-in-law - DER SPIEGEL - history. Retrieved August 26, 2020 .
- ↑ Helga Satzinger, Adolf Butenandt, Hormone and Gender, in: Wolfgang Schieder, Achim Trunk, Adolf Butenandt and the Kaiser Wilhelm Society, Wallsteinverlag 2004 p. 102, cf. Schering (2) in the Sybodo Museum, Innsbruck.
- ↑ Member entry of Eugen Steinach at the German Academy of Natural Scientists Leopoldina , accessed on June 26, 2016.
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Steinach, Eugene |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Austrian physiologist and pioneer in sex research |
| DATE OF BIRTH | January 22, 1861 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Hohenems , Vorarlberg |
| DATE OF DEATH | May 14, 1944 |
| Place of death | Territet near Montreux |