Multi-colored milkweed

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Multi-colored milkweed
Multi-colored Spurge (Euphorbia epithymoides)

Multi-colored Spurge ( Euphorbia epithymoides )

Systematics
Rosids
Eurosiden I
Order : Malpighiales (Malpighiales)
Family : Spurge Family (Euphorbiaceae)
Genre : Spurge ( Euphorbia )
Type : Multi-colored milkweed
Scientific name
Euphorbia epithymoides
L.

The multi-colored spurge ( Euphorbia epithymoides ), also called colored spurge , is a species of the genus spurge ( Euphorbia ) within the family of the milkweed family (Euphorbiaceae).

description

Habit, leaves and inflorescences
Fruit clusters with fruits
Partial inflorescence with flowers in detail
The following important information is missing from this article or section:
at least the generative characteristics are shown only marginally
Help Wikipedia by researching and pasting it .

Vegetative characteristics

The multi-colored milkweed is a short-lived, perennial herbaceous plant that reaches heights of 30 to 50 centimeters. It forms a pleiocormous rhizome . The leaves are rounded at the top.

Generative characteristics

The flowering period extends from May to June. The envelope glands are yellow. The bracts are light yellow and later turn orange. There are fruit capsules formed with thread-like, above red warts.

The number of chromosomes is 2n = 14 or 16.

Occurrence

The natural range of Euphorbia epithymoides extends over central to south-east Europe as well as Turkey and Libya . This calcareous species can be found here in dry bushes and forests. It is probably a character species of the Geranion sanguinei association, but also occurs in societies of the order Quercetalia pubescenti-petraeae.

In Austria, the multi-colored milkweed occurs sparsely or rarely, especially in the Pannonian region . The occurrences extend to the federal states of Vienna , Lower Austria , Burgenland , Tyrol , Carinthia (uncertain) and Styria (only inconsistent there). Extinct in Upper Austria, the multicolored milkweed is endangered throughout Austria and endangered in the northern foothills of the Alps . In Germany there were occurrences of the plant near Landshut, but these have been considered extinct since around 1910 (and thus in all of Germany).

Systematics

Euphorbia epithymoides was first published in 1762 by Carl von Linné . The description published in 1875 by Anton Kerner von Marilaun under the taxon Euphorbia polychroma is a synonym .

use

The multi-colored milkweed is occasionally used as an ornamental plant in perennial beds . It has been in culture since 1805 and there are numerous varieties.

Ingredients and toxicity

The multi-colored milkweed contains carboxylic acid esters of ingenol , for example ingenol-3-angelate , such as decadienoic acid and decatrienoic acid . It is considered poisonous.

swell

  • Eckehart J. Jäger, Friedrich Ebel, Peter Hanelt, Gerd K. Müller (eds.): Excursion flora from Germany . Founded by Werner Rothmaler. tape 5 : Herbaceous ornamental and useful plants . Springer, Spektrum Akademischer Verlag, Berlin / Heidelberg 2008, ISBN 978-3-8274-0918-8 .

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Euphorbia epithymoides L., Multi-colored Spurge. In: FloraWeb.de.
  2. ^ Erich Oberdorfer : Plant-sociological excursion flora for Germany and neighboring areas . With the collaboration of Angelika Schwabe and Theo Müller. 8th, heavily revised and expanded edition. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 2001, ISBN 3-8001-3131-5 , pp.  637 .
  3. ^ Manfred A. Fischer, Karl Oswald, Wolfgang Adler: Excursion flora for Austria, Liechtenstein and South Tyrol . 3rd, improved edition. Province of Upper Austria, Biology Center of the Upper Austrian State Museums, Linz 2008, ISBN 978-3-85474-187-9 , p. 460 .
  4. ↑ Konstantin Kreiser: NABU-BACKGROUND - Extinct and endangered species. In: https://www.nabu.de/ . NABU - Naturschutzbund Deutschland eV, January 2010, accessed on April 4, 2018 .
  5. ↑ Carl von Linné: Species Plantarum , 2nd edition, Volume 2, 1762, p. 656.
  6. ↑ Multi- colored milkweed on giftpflanze.com .

Web links

Commons : Multi-colored milkweed ( Euphorbia epithymoides )  - album with pictures, videos and audio files