Eva Haule

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Eva Sybille Haule (born July 16, 1954 in Tübingen ; temporarily Eva Sybille Haule-Frimpong ) is a former member of the left-wing extremist terrorist organization Red Army Faction (RAF) and was involved in several attacks. In 1986 she was arrested and sentenced to life imprisonment in two trials, including triple murder and 23 attempted murder . In 2007 she was paroled. She has been working as an artistic photographer since her imprisonment.

Life

Haule, the daughter of an insurance agent, attended the Mörike-Gymnasium in Esslingen from 1967 and, when she graduated from high school in 1974, stated that she wanted to become a journalist. She first enrolled at the teacher training college there, but was de-registered in the summer of 1975 because she had not started her studies. In 1978/79 she was enrolled at the Protestant University of Applied Sciences in Reutlingen , and in the following two years at the Berlin University of Applied Sciences for Social Education ; from the beginning of 1979 she lived in Berlin. From 1980 until the divorce in 1988, Haule was married to Emmanuel Kwame Frimpong from Ghana and until 1993 carried the double name Haule-Frimpong. From 1983 she lived separately from him.

Membership in the RAF

Haule came into contact with militant left-wing radicals through the Berlin squatter scene. Manuela Happe , who was later convicted as an RAF member, was one of Haule's acquaintances in Berlin since the late 1970s . From 1979 she looked after members of the June 2nd Movement in prisons, later also members of the RAF, from May 1982 Lutz Taufer and later Christian Klar , who was imprisoned from November 1982 , and lived on social welfare.

In 1982, Haule was arrested on suspicion of committing arson attacks on German and American military installations, but the investigation was dropped. At that time she shared an apartment in Gerlingen near Stuttgart with people who were members of the RAF, namely Thomas Simon and Barbara and Horst Ludwig Meyer ; Fingerprints from Wolfgang Grams and Christoph Seidler indicate that they also lived there. In February 1984 - a few days after the start of the main hearing in the criminal proceedings against Christian Klar - the previous sympathizer disappeared into illegality and joined the RAF as an active member of the third generation . In July 1984 she escaped arrest of several RAF members in an apartment she also lived in in Frankfurt when she happened to be absent. In addition to numerous weapons, the police also seized several incriminating documents with Haule's fingerprints. An international arrest warrant was issued against her that same month. In September 1985, investigators found her fingerprints next to those of Grams, Seidler and both Meyers in an apartment in Tübingen ; her whereabouts have been unknown since then.

In addition to Wolfgang Grams and Birgit Hogefeld , Haule is a member of the closest management circle of the third generation of the RAF. She was considered the RAF's liaison to the French Action Directe , from which she received two Belgian passports; this in turn received firearms from the robbery in a Maxdorf arms shop in 1984. During the years of its active membership, the RAF carried out actions and attacks that killed a total of six people, including the managers Ernst Zimmermann and Karl Heinz Beckurts and those not personally Victims selected as targets Eckhard Groppler (Beckurts' driver), Frank H. Scarton and Becky Jo Bristol (soldier and civilian employee of the US Air Force Base Frankfurt ). Because of her suspected involvement in several of these attacks, investigations followed and, in two cases, criminal trials against Haule.

Arrest, trials and detention

Eva Haule, who had completely changed her appearance, was arrested on August 2, 1986 in an ice cream parlor in Rüsselsheim, together with two people from Düsseldorf who were counted among the "illegal militant area" of the RAF by the investigating authorities. 50,000 marks were exposed for the capture of Haule-Frimpong. This was the last arrest of members of the RAF's command level until 1993.

On September 1, 1987, the main trial against Haule-Frimpong and her two companions was opened before the Stuttgart Higher Regional Court . She was imprisoned for 15 years on June 28, 1988 because of her membership in a terrorist organization , forgery of documents , stolen goods and violation of the weapons law as well as an attack on an arms shop in Maxdorf in 1984 and an attempted bomb attack on the NATO school in Oberammergau in December 1984 sentenced.

That sentence would have expired in 2001, but new evidence was launched against Haule-Frimpong.

From January 7, 1993, the Federal Prosecutor's Office investigated her for suspected involvement in the triple murder and 23 attempted murders (murder of US soldier Edward Pimental and explosives attack on Rhein-Main Air Base in 1985). In March 1990, two cashiers that could be assigned to Haule were found in the detention cell of the RAF member Manuela Happe . In it, Haule described exactly what specific goals the RAF was pursuing with the assassination of Pimentals and what the situation was like within the RAF after the attack, whereby she repeatedly spoke of "we". According to the responsible clerk Klaus Pflieger at the federal prosecutor's office, this was not to be understood as a general reference to the RAF, but to the specific author of the acts, especially since the author seemed to feel responsible for the murder of "pim" (Pimental). Haule was therefore indicted in March 1993 and the matter was tried before the Higher Regional Court in Frankfurt am Main from November 1993 . The Senate followed the prosecution's reasoning. For the murder of the US soldier and for the bomb attack, Haule was finally sentenced to life imprisonment by judgment of April 28, 1994 - by way of an aggregate sentence including the judgment of 1988 - and the particular gravity of the guilt was determined. Various media commented on the trial in such a way that the prosecution “had feet of clay” and could have been dispensed with, as Haule was already in custody. This line of argument failed to recognize that the minimum serving time for the originally imposed 15-year prison sentence was seven and a half years, whereas for the life sentence it was 15 years.

Haule was initially imprisoned in the Stuttgart-Stammheim JVA and was transferred to the Frankfurt-Preungesheim women's prison in 1989 . From 2004 until her release she was in open prison in the women's prison in Berlin-Neukölln .

Release on parole

An application for parole made by Haule was granted on August 16, 2007. The Frankfurt Higher Regional Court suspended the rest of her life sentence. The probation period was set for five years.

The responsible senate had heard the convict twice personally. He had come to the conclusion that Haule no longer posed any danger to the general public. Haule made it convincingly clear that violence in the form of “armed struggle” was no longer a suitable means of achieving political goals.

Haule was released on August 17, 2007 from the women's prison in Berlin-Neukölln. Haule had not distanced himself from the RAF.

Work as an artist

Haule first took part in a photography course in Frankfurt prison and later trained as a photographer in Berlin as a freelancer. She first exhibited portraits of women in prison in the Berlin House of Representatives in March 2005 as part of the “Art of Outsiders” exhibition. Their involvement sparked violent protests among MPs and the public. A second exhibition (thesis school for photography) took place in March 2007 in the gallery VolkArt Berlin.

Publications

  • Portraits of prisoners. AG SPAK Books, 2005, ISBN 3-930830-65-5 , 98 pages
  • La revolución somos todos - We are all revolution - Conversations with grassroots activists and photos from Venezuela. AG SPAK Books, 2009, ISBN 978-3-930830-04-6 , 143 pages

literature

  • Alexander Straßner : The third generation of the “Red Army Fraction”: emergence, structure, functional logic and disintegration of a terrorist organization. Westdeutscher Verlag, Wiesbaden 2003, ISBN 3-531-14114-7 , short biography p. 101 f. , Pp. 86, 252, 286, 330, 370.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Alexander Straßner: The third generation of the "Red Army Fraction". Wiesbaden 2003, p. 101 f. ; Roland Appel, Martin Fischer: Two students from the Mörike-Gymnasium remember: there were deaths and freedom that they had won. In: Stuttgarter Nachrichten , August 22, 2017. According to Butz Peters: Deadly mistake. Berlin 2004, p. 622, Haule attended the John F. Kennedy Business High School in Esslingen; there also the information with the career aspiration. Straßner also speaks of the Esslingen Business School.
  2. ^ A b Sven Felix Kellerhoff : Eva Haule - The unknown face of the RAF. In: Welt Online , August 17, 2007, accessed July 20, 2015.
  3. ↑ Alexander Straßner: The third generation of the "Red Army Fraction". Wiesbaden 2003, p. 101 f. ; Frank Bachner: Alfred Herrhausen's murderers were never caught. In: Tagesspiegel.de , November 23, 2014, accessed on July 20, 2015; Butz Peters: Deadly mistake. Berlin 2004, p. 622 f.
  4. ↑ Alexander Straßner: The third generation of the "Red Army Fraction". Wiesbaden 2003, pp. 86, 101 f .; Butz Peters: Deadly mistake. Berlin 2004, pp. 623 and 729 f.
  5. ↑ Arrest in the ice cream parlor. In: Stern.de , February 24, 2007, accessed on July 20, 2015.
  6. ^ Butz Peters: Deadly error. Berlin 2004, pp. 728, 740.
  7. ↑ Eva Haule is released. In: Stern.de , August 17, 2007, accessed on July 20, 2015.
  8. ^ Butz Peters: Deadly error. Berlin 2004, p. 623.
  9. ↑ Heinz Gaspar: 30 years ago three wanted RAF terrorists were arrested in Rüsselsheim's Grün-Passage. In: Main-Spitze , August 2, 2016; Butz Peters: Deadly mistake. Berlin 2004, p. 621 f.
  10. ↑ This complex is described in detail in the memoir by Klaus Pflieger: Against Terror. A prosecutor's memories. Verrai, Stuttgart 2016, pp. 272–280.
  11. ^ RAF: The manhunt ended in the ice cream parlor Dolomiti. In: Welt Online , February 23, 2007.
  12. ^ Justice: Ex-RAF terrorist Eva Haule is released. In: Focus .de , August 17, 2007.
  13. ^ Press release OLG Frankfurt am Main: Parole for probation for Eva Haule. August 17, 2007. Retrieved September 2, 2010.
  14. ↑ steffen: Knast - Open House in Babylon Mitte. In it: portraits of captured women, Eva Haule , and steffen: Solaris - images of a theater production. K&K VolkArt, March 30, 2007. Retrieved September 2, 2010.
personal data
SURNAME Haule, Eva
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Haule-Frimpong, Eva Sybille; Haule, Eva Sybille (maiden name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German terrorist of the Red Army faction
DATE OF BIRTH July 16, 1954
PLACE OF BIRTH Tübingen