FN Browning model 1910
| FN Browning model 1910 | |
|---|---|
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| general information | |
| Country of operation: | Belgium , Denmark, Germany, France, Yugoslavia, (among others) |
| Developer / Manufacturer: | John Moses Browning, Fabrique Nationale d'Armes de Guerre (FN) |
| Manufacturer country: | Belgium |
| Production time: | 1910 to 1983 |
| Model variants: | M 1910, M1910 / 22 |
| Weapon Category: | gun |
| Furnishing | |
| Overall length: | 152 (M1910), 178 mm (M1910 / 22) mm |
| Weight: (unloaded) | 0.59 (M1910), 0.70 (M1910 / 22) kg |
| Barrel length : | 88 (M 1910) 113 (M 1910/22) mm |
| Technical specifications | |
| Caliber : |
7.65 × 17 mm , 9 × 17 mm |
| Possible magazine fillings : | 7 (7.65 mm / M1910), 6 (9 mm / M1910), 9 (7.65 mm / M1910 / 22), 8 (9 mm / M1910 / 22) cartridges |
| Ammunition supply : | single row magazine |
| Fire types: | Single fire |
| Number of trains : | 6th |
| Twist : | right |
| Visor : | open sights |
| Closure : | Mass closure |
| Charging principle: | Recoil loader |
| Lists on the subject | |
The FN Browning Model 1910 is an earlier self-loading pistol, which was manufactured under license in Belgium by Fabrique Nationale Herstal (FN). It was designed by the American John Moses Browning and built over several decades. It was the successor to the FN Browning Model 1900 manufactured in Belgium between the beginning of the 20th century and 1911 .
Origin and technology
The Belgian Fabrique Nationale Herstal had secured the European production rights for the models of the gun designer Browning early on. While the differences of opinion between Browning and American companies like Colt or Winchester increased, FN treated the developer with the greatest possible concession. After all, you could even win him as chief designer.
The weapon was intended for use by the police and authorities. Like its predecessor, the 1900 model, it only fires relatively weak ammunition and therefore has an unlocked spring-mass lock , which is achieved through the interaction of the inertia of the slide and the force of the closing spring . The closing spring is no longer located above the barrel, but winds around it. This enables a compact design. At about the same time, the German designer Fritz Walther came up with the idea of wrapping the closing spring around the barrel, although it is still controversial today who came up with this arrangement first. The firing pin of the Browning pistol is not struck by a hammer, but is driven forward directly by a spring. The pistol is considered very safe. A shot can only be released if:
- the safety lever, which also blocks the slide, is on "unlocked",
- the shooter activates the grip safety when grasping the weapon,
- there is a magazine in the pistol.
This prevents shots from falling weapons from being released. The magazine safety prevents accidents when cleaning if there is still a cartridge in the store.
commitment
The model sold extremely well, the number of copies built was over 700,000 for both the 1910 and 1922 models. The 1910 model was sold on the civilian market, the 1922 model mainly to the military and police. It was used as a service pistol by the West German police until the 1950s, and by the railway police into the 1970s. With the dwindling popularity of the 7.65 × 17 mm and 9 × 17 mm calibers, so did the sales of the Browning in 1910/1922. Production stopped in 1976.
Model 1922
In 1922, at the request of Yugoslavia, a larger variant for military and police use was developed based on the 1910 model. The handle and magazine have been lengthened to create a magazine capacity two rounds higher. In addition, the barrel was lengthened by 25 mm. A noticeable feature of the new FN Browning 1910/22 model is the attached muzzle sleeve. FN wanted to avoid having to revise the complex production of the slide and extended it with this attachment.
The 1922 variant quickly developed into an export success: the Yugoslav government ordered 60,000 pistols in 9 × 17 mm caliber in February 1923, and 20,000 more in 1930. The weapon was there under the name Automatski Pishtol Browning 1910/22 until the year Used in 1976 by police and military. In addition to FN, it was also produced here by the Serbian arms factory Crvena Zastava in Kragujevac .
In the Netherlands , the 7.65 × 17 mm pistol was used as Pistool M25 No.1 by the Dutch Koninklijke Marechaussee and in caliber 9 × 17 mm as Pistool M25 No.2 by the artillery units from October 1924 . In 1932, all FN 1922 pistols were adapted to 9 × 17 mm and used by the Dutch military until the end of World War II and by the police until the 1970s. The total number of FN 1922 produced for the Netherlands is 91,449 pistols.
Between 1926 and 1929, Greece ordered 9,980 FN 1922 pistols in 9 × 17 mm caliber. Shortly before the start of the Spanish Civil War , the Republic of Spain ordered 200 pistols in 9 × 17 mm caliber.
The Belgian military also carried this pistol. At the time of the occupation of Belgium in World War II , an estimated 363,200 other FN-1922 pistols, most of them in the 7.65 × 17 mm caliber, were produced. It was often assigned to higher ranks as an officer's weapon. Belgian pistols were designated as Pistole 626 (b) (caliber 7.65 × 17 mm) and Pistole 641 (b) (caliber 9 × 17 mm) by the Heereswaffenamt, and were mainly issued to the police and the Air Force . Yugoslav copies were distributed as Pistol 641 (j) among others to the Ustascha and the military of the NDH ( Independent State of Croatia ).
The Turkey gave up three orders for the military. Denmark ordered 3,000 pistols for the police. Other users were the French Navy and Romania .
After the end of World War II, FN was still able to manufacture an estimated 180,000 more in 1922 by 1976.
Assassinations
The FN 1910 also became known through assassinations:
- On June 28, 1914, the assassination attempt in Sarajevo was carried out with an FN 1910 pistol with the serial number 19074 . The heir to the throne Franz Ferdinand of Austria-Este and his wife were murdered, which resulted in the First World War . The FN Browning is now in the Vienna Army History Museum .
- On May 6, 1932, the French President Paul Doumer was shot with this type of weapon in the Hôtel Salomon de Rothschild in Paris.
- On September 8, 1935, was governor of Louisiana , Huey Long , the Louisiana State Capitol killed 1,910 gun FN with.
literature
- Ian Hogg : Military Small Arms of the 20th Century . Arms & Armor Press, 1982, ISBN 0-910676-87-9 .
- Günter Wollert, Reiner Lidschun: Infantry weapons yesterday . (1918-1945). In: Illustrated encyclopedia of infantry weapons from around the world . 3. Edition. tape 1 + 2 . Brandenburgisches Verlagshaus, Berlin 1998, ISBN 3-89488-036-8 , weapons, p. 93-94 (model 1922).
- VISOR 07/92
- Branko Bogdanovic: Yugoslav "Brownings" M1910 / 22 . in: Serbian magazine Waffen , No. 15–16, 2016.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ^ Army History Museum / Military History Institute (ed.): The Army History Museum in the Vienna Arsenal . Verlag Militaria , Vienna 2016, ISBN 978-3-902551-69-6 , p. 107.