Thread rush

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Thread rush
Filiform bulrush (Juncus filiformis), illustration

Filiform bulrush ( Juncus filiformis ), illustration

Systematics
Monocots
Commelinids
Order : Sweet grass (Poales)
Family : Rush Family (Juncaceae)
Genre : Rushes ( Juncus )
Type : Thread rush
Scientific name
Juncus filiformis
L.

The thread rush ( Juncus filiformis ) belongs to the rush family (Juncaceae).

description

The thread rush is a perennial herbaceous plant . It reaches heights of growth between 10 and 60 centimeters. It is grass green, has long runners and grows in dense lawns. The stems are smooth and grow upright. They are round to weakly compressed with a reticulate pulp inside. The foliage leaf towers over the inflorescence . The stem base has brown, not shiny leaf sheaths . Non-flowering shoots are rarely formed.

Fruits of the thread rush
Fruits of the thread rush

The apparently lateral inflorescence is usually loose, rarely head-shaped, up to ten flowers and barely 1 centimeter long. The six long, pointed tepals are equally long, greenish and slender. They are as long as the fruit. The flowers have three stamens and three upright pale pink stigmas . The bulrush blooms between June and August.

The capsule fruit is spherical, blunt and with a short spike tip. The seeds are also spherical, light red-brown and without appendages.

The chromosome number of the species is 2n = 80, 84 or 40.

Distribution and location

The thread rush is found all over Europe , but is rarer in the south. It is also common in North America and Asia . It grows from the lowlands to higher altitudes, especially in montane and high-montane altitudes of the silicate mountains , beyond that up to around 2200 meters. In the Allgäu Alps, it rises in the Tyrolean part between Bernhardseck and Mutte near Elbigenalp up to 2100 m above sea level.

The plant prefers to grow in soaked (backed up) wet, moderately nutrient-rich, base-poor, moderately acidic swamp humus soil. It also occurs as a pioneer or fault indicator on wet and open soils . It grows optimally in managed wet meadows (Calthion) as well as in Kleinseggenrieden (Caricetalia fuscae Koch 26 em. Nordhag. 37) of the moderately nutrient-rich intermediate bogs, especially in the plant community (association) of the brown sedge swamp (Caricetum fuscae Br.-Bl. 1915).

Danger

The thread rush is not endangered worldwide and enjoys no legal protection. The species is also considered not endangered throughout Germany, but with the exception of Saarland it is included in all Red Lists of Endangered Vascular Plants in the other federal states. In Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania and Berlin it is even threatened with extinction.

The main sources of danger lie in fallow land, in the drainage and intensive grazing of previously extensively used wet meadows and small sedge bogs.

literature

  • J. Grau, BP Kremer, BM Möseler, G. Rambold & D. Triebel: Gräser , Mosaik-Verlag, Munich 1996, ISBN 3-576-10702-9
  • E. Oberdorfer: Plant-sociological excursion flora , Ulmer, Stuttgart 1994, ISBN 3-8252-1828-7
  • Henning Haeupler , Thomas Muer: picture atlas of the fern and flowering plants of Germany (= the fern and flowering plants of Germany. Volume 2). Published by the Federal Agency for Nature Conservation. Ulmer, Stuttgart 2000, ISBN 3-8001-3364-4 .

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Erich Oberdorfer : Plant-sociological excursion flora for Germany and neighboring areas . 8th edition. Stuttgart, Verlag Eugen Ulmer, 2001. ISBN 3-8001-3131-5 . Page 148.
  2. ↑ Erhard Dörr, Wolfgang Lippert : Flora of the Allgäu and its surroundings. Volume 1, IHW, Eching 2001, ISBN 3-930167-50-6 , p. 299.

Web links

Commons : Juncus filiformis  - album with pictures, videos and audio files

Distribution maps