Ferenc Krausz

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Ferenc Krausz

Ferenc Krausz (born May 17, 1962 in Mór , Hungary ) is a Hungarian-Austrian physicist and university professor . With his research team, he was the first to succeed in both generating and measuring a light pulse of less than a femtosecond duration. The working group uses these attosecond - light pulses to control the movement of atomic electron imaging. This achievement marks the beginning of attosecond physics .

academic career

Krausz studied theoretical physics at the Eötvös Loránd University and electrical engineering at the Technical University of Budapest . After completing his habilitation at the Technical University of Vienna , he was appointed professor there. Since 2003 he has been director at the Max Planck Institute for Quantum Optics in Garching . In 2004 he also took over a chair for experimental physics at the Ludwig Maximilians University in Munich . He is a co-founder and one of the two speakers of the Munich Center for Advanced Photonics (MAP), a cluster of excellence established in 2006. Since 2005 he has also been an associate professor at the Vienna University of Technology.

research

Ferenc Krausz and his research team have succeeded for the first time in experimentally demonstrating a light pulse with a duration of less than one femtosecond and using these attosecond light pulses to make the inter-atomic movement of electrons perceptible in real time. These results mark the beginning of attosecond physics.

Krausz and his team did the preparatory work for this milestone in the 1990s with a whole series of innovations for the further development of femtoseconds - laser technology to its ultimate limit - up to light pulses that absorb the majority of their energy in a single oscillation of the electromagnetic field wear. An essential prerequisite for generating such short flashes of light is the high-precision control of the delay of various color components of broadband (white) light over a full octave. The mirrors developed by Krausz and Szipöcs made of aperiodic multilayer chirped mirrors made such a control possible for the first time and are now an essential part of every modern femtosecond laser system. With the help of intense laser pulses consisting of one to two wave cycles, Krausz's group was able to both generate and measure an attosecond light pulse (made of extreme ultraviolet light) for the first time in 2001 and, a little later, track the movement of electrons on a subatomic scale in real time. The control of the waveform of femtosecond pulses and the resulting reproducible attosecond pulses, as demonstrated by Krausz and his team, allowed the establishment of attosecond measurement technology as it is used today as the technological basis for experimental attosecond physics. With these tools, Krausz and his co-workers succeeded in controlling electrons in molecules and for the first time real-time observation of a number of fundamental electron processes such as tunneling, charge transport, coherent EUV emission, delayed photoelectric effect, valence electron movement, control of the optical and electrical properties of dielectrics . These results were achieved in international collaborations with groups of renowned scientists, including Joachim Burgdörfer, Paul Corkum , Theodor Hänsch , Misha Ivanov, Ulrich Heinzmann, Stephen Leone, Robin Santra, Mark Stockman and Marc Vrakking.

Thomson Reuters has been one of the favorites for a Nobel Prize in Physics since 2015 .

Prizes and awards

In 2003 Krausz became a member of the Austrian Academy of Sciences , since 2005 an external member. In 2005 he received an honorary doctorate from the Technical University of Budapest . Since 2009 is the fellow of the Optical Society of America (OSA).

Publications

  1. ^ F. Krausz, M. Ivanov, Reviews of Modern Physics 81 , 163 (2009). ( Memento from September 23, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) (PDF; 14.2 MB).
  2. ↑ Y. Silberberg, Nature 414 , 494 (2001).
  3. ^ M. Lewenstein, Science 297 , 1131 (2002).
  4. ↑ LF DiMauro, Nature 419 , 789 (2002).
  5. ↑ P. Bucksbaum, Nature 421 , 593 (2003).
  6. ^ T. Brabec & F. Krausz, Rev. Mod. Phys. 72: 545 (2000).
  7. ↑ R. Szipöcs, K. Ferencz, Ch Spielmann & F. Krausz. Chirped multilayer coatings for broadband dispersion control in femtosecond lasers . Opt. Lett. 19 , 201 (1994).
  8. ↑ M. Hentschel et al. , Nature 414: 509 (2001).
  9. ↑ M. Drescher et al. , Nature 419 , 803 (2002).
  10. ↑ A. Baltuska et al. , Nature 421 , 611 (2003).
  11. ↑ R. Kienberger et al. , Nature 427: 817 (2004).
  12. ↑ E. Goulielmakis et al. , Science 305: 1267 (2004).
  13. ↑ M. Kling et al. , Science 312: 246 (2006).
  14. ↑ M. Uiberacker et al. , Nature 446 , 627 (2007).
  15. ↑ A. Cavalieri et al. , Nature 449 , 1029 (2007).
  16. ↑ E. Goulielmakis et al. , Science 320 , 1614 (2008).
  17. ↑ M. Schultze et al. , Science 328 , 1658 (2010).
  18. ↑ E. Goulielmakis et al. , Nature 466 , 739 (2010).
  19. ↑ A. Wirth et al. , Science 334 , 195 (2011).
  20. ↑ A. Schiffrin et al. , Nature 493 , 70 (2013).
  21. ↑ et al. , Nature 493 , 75 (2013).
  22. ↑ Announcing the 2015 Citation Laureates , at Thomson Reuters.
  23. ↑ 2009 OSA Fellows. OSA, accessed February 10, 2018 .
  24. ^ Eva-Maria Gruber: Awarding of the START and Wittgenstein Prizes 2002. ORF.at, 2002, accessed on February 10, 2018 .
  25. ↑ Member entry by Prof. Dr. Ferenc Krausz at the German Academy of Sciences Leopoldina , accessed on June 3, 2016.
  26. ↑ Letokhov Medal Recipients. EPS, February 25, 2019, accessed on February 26, 2019 .

literature

  • Leopoldina Newly Elected Members 2016, Leopoldina, Halle (Saale) 2017, p. 23 ( PDF )

Web links

personal data
SURNAME Krausz, Ferenc
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Austro-Hungarian physicist
DATE OF BIRTH 17th May 1962
PLACE OF BIRTH Mór , Hungary