Finchley
| Finchley | |||
|---|---|---|---|
 |
|||
| Coordinates | 51 ° 36 ′ N , 0 ° 11 ′ W | ||
| OS National Grid | TQ255905 | ||
|
|||
| administration | |||
| Post town | LONDON | ||
| ZIP code section | N2, N3, N12 | ||
| prefix | 020 | ||
| Part of the country | England | ||
| region | London | ||
| London Borough | Barnet | ||
| British Parliament | Finchley and Golders Green | ||
Finchley is a borough of London . It belongs to the London Borough of Barnet and is about eleven kilometers north of Charing Cross on a hill. Finchley was formerly a church ( Parish ) in the county Middlesex , was founded in 1933 to Municipal Borough collected and is since 1965 part of Greater London . Located on the outskirts of Greater London, Finchley is a suburban neighborhood with three town centers.
history
| 1881 | 11,191 |
|---|---|
| 1891 | 16,647 |
| 1901 | 22,126 |
| 1911 | 39,419 |
| 1921 | 46,716 |
| 1931 | 58,964 |
| 1941 | no count |
| 1951 | 69.991 |
| 1961 | 69,370 |
| Source: UK Census | |
Finchley probably means "Finch's clearing" or "finches' clearing" in Late Saxon ; the name was first mentioned in the early 13th century. The area was owned by the Bishop of London in the 11th century .
In the early Middle Ages the area was sparsely populated and largely forested. During the 12th and 13th centuries the first farmers settled, so that in the 15th and 16th the forests in the eastern part of the Parish disappeared and Finchley Common was called. The medieval Great North Road was to the 19th century in the area of Commons than highwaymen ( Highwaymen equipped).
The parish church (St. Maria) was first mentioned in the 1270s. The Church End settlement developed around this church.
The station of Finchley at the Edgware, Highgate and London Railway (later Great Northern Railway ) was put into operation 1867th The Finchley to High Barnet branch opened in 1872. A tram was installed in 1905 and soon extended to Barnet. Later the trams were replaced by trolley buses .
In 1933, The Northern Heights Plan (as part of the New Works Program , 1935-1940) was announced. The line was electrified and integrated into the subway network, and a new connecting tunnel was to be built. East Finchley Station was demolished and rebuilt; the project was held up by World War II . Rail traffic was stopped between 1939 and 1940/41, after which the railroad was put back into operation because the army had built large barracks in the area.
After the war, the Northern Hights plan was abandoned with the introduction of the Metropolitan Green Belt .
Administration and politics
By 1547 Finchley had a Parish assembly that was converted into a Local Board in 1878. In 1895 Finchley was converted to an urban district council with all other local boards , and in 1933 to a municipal borough . Finchley has been part of the London Borough of Barnet since 1965 .
From 1959 to 1992 Finchley was represented in the House of Commons by Margaret Thatcher . Finchley is now part of the constituency of Finchley and Golders Green .
In February 2010, the Green Party of England and Wales held its party meeting in North Finchley.
Geographical location and structure
Finchley is located on a hill about 90 m high, 11 km north of Charing Cross and about 6 km south of Barnet . In the west, the Dollis Brook and its valley form the district boundary while the Mutton Brook forms the southern boundary at the confluence of which in the southwest of Finchley the River Brent is formed.
Finchley is geologically composed of three layers. A large part of Finchley lies on boulder clay , which is surrounded by a layer of gravel, the underlying layer of London clay also occurs. At the corners of this roughly triangular floor plan, three hamlets emerged, which developed into Finchley's three towns:
- Church End, often called Finchley Central (especially since the tube station was called that);
- East Finchley (East Finchley) to the east and
- North Finchley (North Finchley), is the area around Tally-Ho Corner, to the west of the Northern Line
The residential areas called West Finchley are around the corresponding subway station , the same applies to Woodside Park .
The area of London called Finchley Road and around Finchley Road (London Underground) of the same name does not belong to Finchley, but to a trading area in Camden .
Neighboring areas are Mill Hill to the west, Totteridge to the northwest , Whetstone to the north, Friern Barnet to the northeast, Muswell Hill to the east, Highgate to the southeast, Golders Green to the south, and Hendon to the southwest .
Monuments
- Parish church (St. Maria) from the 13th century.
- East Finchley Cemetery with graves of numerous London personalities
- College Farm (Last farm in Finchley)
- The Phoenix Cinema in East Finchley, with an Art Deco facade, is one of the oldest cinemas in the United Kingdom
- The archer , at East Finchley Underground Station, is a statue by Eric Aumonier
- La Délivrance is the statue of a naked woman holding a sword. It stands on the southern road to the north of Henlys Corner.
St Mary's Church
East Finchley Cemetery
Way to College Farm
Phoenix Cinema
Archer at East Finchley Underground Station
La Délivrance
traffic
Transport for London operates four underground stations in Finchley , all of which are on the Northern Line's High Barnet :
- East Finchley in East Finchley (21 minutes from Charing Cross).
- Finchley Central in Finchley-Church End (25 minutes from Charing Cross).
- West Finchley in North Finchley (27 minutes from Charing Cross).
- Woodside Park in North Finchley (29 minutes from Charing Cross).
Two city highways, North Circular Road and A1 ( E15 ) meet at Henly's Corner in the south corner of Finchley.
In North Finchley, at Tally Ho Corner, there is a bus hub with nine lines.
schools
There are 17 primary schools in the district .
There are also secondary schools (grades 7 to 11). Of these, three schools are voluntary aided schools , all run by the Roman Catholic Church : Bishop Douglass School , Finchley Catholic High School, and St. Michael's Catholic Grammar School . The two public schools are Christ's College Finchley and The Compton School . The Wren Academy is named after Sir Christopher Wren and is supported by the Church of England .
The Oak Lodge Special is a special school.
Woodhouse College in North Finchley is on the site of the old Woodhouse Grammar School and is one of two Sixth Form Colleges in the borough.
Sports
The local football team Wingate & Finchley plays in the Premier Division of the Isthmian League . It was founded in 1946 as a Jewish club.
Other teams are Finchley RFC (rugby), Finchley Cricket Club (founded in 1832).
Finchley golf (18 holes) was designed by James Braid .
Finchley in Culture
- William Hogarth painted a satirical picture in 1750: March of the Guards to Finchley (march of the guards to Finchley). There soldiers are depicted gathering on Tottenham Court Road to march north and defend the capital against the Second Jacobite Rising of 1745.
- In The Old Curiosity Shop (The Old Curiosity Shop) by Charles Dickens Mr. Garlan in "Abel Cottage, Finchley": one of the main characters lives.
- In the film The Chronicles of Narnia: The King of Narnia (2005) , Susan Pevensie explains that she and her siblings are from Finchley, although in the novel by CS Lewis they are from London. In the film The Chronicles of Narnia: Prince Caspian & The Journey of the Dawn , Edmund says "Well, I didn't exactly have a solid gold chess set in Finchley, did I?"
- The sketch The World 's Deadliest Joke from Monty Python's Flying Circus takes place in Finchley.
Personalities associated with Finchley
- Sir William Shee (1804–1868), England's first Catholic judge since the Reformation
- Charles Dickens (1812–1870) wrote Martin Chuzzlewit in North Finchley.
- Octavia Hill (1838–1912), social reformer, lived in Brownswell Cottages in East Finchley.
- John Parr (1898-1914), first British soldier killed in World War I; born in Finchley
- Harry Beck (1902–1974), technical draftsman and graphic designer
- Spike Milligan (1918-2002) lived in Woodside Park from 1955 to 1974; at the time he was President of the Finchley Society.
- Margaret Thatcher (1925-2013) represented Finchley in Parliament, although she never lived there.
- George Michael (1963–2016), singer, composer, musician and producer; born in Finchley
Town twinning
Finchley Borough had four twin cities, the partnerships were taken over by the London Borough of Barnet.
-
Jinja , since 1963 -
Le Raincy , since 1962 -
Montclair, New Jersey , since 1945 -
Siegen-Wittgenstein district , since 1951
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c d Baker & Elrington: A History of the County of Middlesex: Volume 6 . Victoria County History. Pp. 38-55. 1980. Retrieved June 11, 2013.
- ^ John Heathfield: A short history of Finchley . The Finchley Society. Archived from the original on November 8, 2013. Retrieved June 11, 2013.
- ↑ Finchley, Friern Barnet and Totteridge. Borough of Barnet, accessed July 19, 2017 .
- ↑ Hendon Lane (Finchley N3). Borough of Barnet, accessed July 19, 2017 .
- ^ Clive's Underground Line Guides, Northern Line, Dates
- ^ London Transport Museum Tram in Finchley, 1905 to 1915
- ^ London Transport Museum Trolley bus at North Finchley
- ^ TFT Baker, CR Elrington: Finchley Finchley Local government . British History Online. 1980. Retrieved June 11, 2013.
- ↑ a b Historic Figures Margaret Thatcher (1925-2013) . BBC. Retrieved June 11, 2013.
- ^ Rebecca Lowe: Green Party conference held in Finchley , The Times Series. February 21, 2010. Retrieved June 11, 2013.
- ↑ Ben Weinreb, Christopher Hibbert: The London Encyclopedia , Julia Keay, John Keay, 3rd. Edition, Macmillan ,, ISBN 978-1-4050-4924-5 , pp. 290-291.
- ↑ Buses from North Finchley. (pdf, 56 kB) Transport for London, accessed on June 12, 2013 (English).
- ↑ a b Schools directory. Barnet Council, accessed July 19, 2017 .
- ^ Bishop Douglass School web site
- ^ Finchley Catholic High School
- ^ St. Michael's Catholic Grammar School website
- ↑ Christ's College Finchley website
- ^ Website of The Compton School
- ↑ Overview - Welcome to Wren Academy. Wren Academy, accessed July 19, 2017 .
- ^ Rebecca Lowe: Barnet cricket - 150 and not out , Times Series. December 10, 2007. Retrieved June 12, 2013.
- ^ Fallow Corner (Finchley N12). Borough of Barnet, accessed July 19, 2017 .
- ^ Early Social Reform Influences. Octavia Hill's Birthplace House. Retrieved July 19, 2017 .
- ↑ The Octavia Hill Society (PDF; 247 kB) September 2009. Archived from the original on July 16, 2011. Retrieved on October 1, 2009.
- ^ Design Classics - The London Underground Map . BBC TV4. Retrieved June 11, 2013.
- ↑ Spike Milligan Statue Fund . Finchley Society. Archived from the original on March 26, 2009. Retrieved on April 28, 2009.
- ↑ Town twinning - Jinja. Borough of Barnet, archived from the original on August 1, 2014 ; Retrieved July 19, 2017 .
- ^ Town twinning - Le Raincy. Borough of Barnet, archived from the original on August 1, 2014 ; Retrieved July 19, 2017 .
- ^ Town twinning - Montclair. Borough of Barnet, archived from the original on August 1, 2014 ; Retrieved July 19, 2017 .
- ^ Town twinning - Siegen-Wittgenstein. Borough of Barnet, archived from the original on August 1, 2014 ; Retrieved July 19, 2017 .
