Franz Hoellering

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Franz Hoellering (before emigration Franz Höllering ; born July 9, 1896 in Baden (Lower Austria) , Austria-Hungary ; died January 11, 1968 in Munich ) was an Austrian-American journalist.

Life

Franz Xaver Höllering's father Georg Höllering was a theater musician and theater director, his sister Anna Höllering (1895–1987) became an actress and later an editor in German film, and his brother Georg Höllering (1897–1980) became a film director. The other sister Magdalena Höllering (1899–1994) later emigrated to England.

City Theater Teplitz-Schönau (1920s)

The Höllering family moved from Baden to Vienna in 1906, where he attended the Schottenfelder Realschule . In 1915 he became a soldier and later an officer in the First World War . His daughter Helga Franziska Höllering was born in 1915, and his son Michael Georg Höllering in 1929. Helga Francis Havas fled Austria with Peter Havas in 1938 . He studied law in Vienna, where he received his doctorate on July 16, 1921. From 1918 he worked in his father's theater projects in the Wiener Komödienhaus , at the two Volksbühnen in Vienna and in the Wiener Metropol , from 1922 directed the drama at the Brno City Theater and in 1924 became one of the two directors and theater director of the German-speaking city theater in Teplitz-Schönau , des second largest house in Czechoslovakia . Economic problems in the theater business led to a change in the legal form of the theater in June 1926 and to the dissolution of its contract. He went to Berlin, where he joined the USPD and briefly became editor-in-chief of the communist Arbeiter Illustrierte Zeitung (AIZ) , in which he was replaced by Lilly Corpus in 1927 . He wrote for the Ullstein newspaper BZ am Mittag and became editor-in-chief there in 1929 . At the same time he was editor of the sports newspaper Arena with Bertolt Brecht and John Heartfield and published the film magazine Film und Volk between 1928 and 1930 . It was featured in the opening credits of William Dieterle's film Sex in Fetters in 1928 .

In the 1930 Reichstag election , the NSDAP had the greatest gain, and the bourgeois press, including the Ullstein Group , did not oppose this. In December 1931, Höllering nevertheless published internal NSDAP documents in the BZ on the establishment of an illegal National Socialist Air Corps . The Minister of the Interior and the Reichswehr, Wilhelm Groener, then intervened with the publisher to make armament efforts, which were also in the interests of the Reichswehr , public. When Höllering republished documents on December 13, he was removed from his position as editor-in-chief and deported to the United States as a correspondent . Carl von Ossietzky commented on the “Höllering case” in the Weltbühne on January 5, 1932 as “the most scandalous surrender to National Socialism”, as “a crime against German press freedom”. After a year, Höllering returned to Berlin and on January 30, 1933, took over as publisher of the midday newspaper Ullstein, Das 12 Uhr Blatt , and the weekly newspaper Der Montag Morgen and came into the line of fire of Nazi propagandist Joseph Goebbels .

After the handover of power to the National Socialists , Höllering emigrated to Prague on March 5, 1933, where he founded the daily newspaper “Prager Mittag”, which remained an émigré newspaper in its effect, and the magazine Der Monats .

On his further escape from the National Socialists, he emigrated to the USA in 1938 . From 1942 he worked for the Office of War Information as head of the German department and designed propaganda broadcasts of the Voice of America for listeners in Germany and Austria. During this time he wrote two novels. In the novel Defenders he deals with the suppression of the February uprising in Austria in 1934 . On July 17, 1942, the University of Vienna revoked his doctorate for racist reasons. It took the university until 1955 to reverse that.

Hoellering has written film reviews for Esquire , Redbook and The Nation magazines .

In 1953 he returned to Germany, translated American plays for the German theater and wrote scripts for films and for the emerging German television. He appeared as an actor in the Munich Kammerspiele , where he was in charge of dramaturgy for pieces by August Strindberg and Thomas Wolfe in 1956 and 1963 . In 1954 he married Amélie Grisar (1920–1995), the fourth marriage , and they had two children.

Works (selection)

  • The defenders . From the German by Ludwig Lewisohn . Little, Brown and Co., Boston 1940
    • The defenders: Roman . Illustrations Walter Gotschke . Europa Verlag, Zurich 1947
  • Furlough: a novel . Viking Pr., New York 1944

The Nation

  • Franz Hollering: I Was an Editor in Germany , in: Nation. February 5, 1936, Vol. 142 Issue 3683, pp. 151-152.
  • Franz Hollering: I Was an Editor in Germany. II , in: Nation. February 12, 1936, Vol. 142 Issue 3684, pp. 182-184

Translations into German

Script templates and scripts

literature

  • Rolf Kieser: Franz Höllering , in: German-language exile literature since 1933. Vol. 2. New York. Part 1 , Francke, Bern 1989, pp. 373-383.
  • German-language exile literature since 1933. Vol 4. bibliographies. Writer, journalist and literary critic in the United States: Part 2. H-M . Francke, Bern 1994.
  • Lemma: Franz Hoellering , in: Deutsche Biographische Enzyklopädie , Volume 5, p. 28
  • Eduard Höllering: Georg and Franz Höllering and the Sudeten German theaters: two biographies . Regensburg: Sudeten German Music Institute, 1998
  • Walter Kiaulehn : The office refugee. On the 70th birthday of the writer and theater man Franz Höllering , in: Münchner Merkur , July 8, 1966 (Appendix). Facsimile from: Eduard Höllering: Georg and Franz Höllering , 1998, p. 37

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c Eduard Höllering: Georg and Franz Höllering , 1998, pp. 25–42
  2. ↑ a b c Werner Röder, Herbert A. Strauss (ed.): Biographical manual of German-speaking emigration after 1933. Vol. 1: Politics, economy, public life . Saur, Munich 1980, p. 306.
  3. ↑ Eduard Höllering: Georg and Franz Höllering , 1998, p. 9
  4. ↑ Erich and Magdalena Schulhof , at Wiener Library , their son-in-law was the writer : David Thomson
  5. ↑ a b c d Franz Hoellering, in Deutsche Biographische Enzyklopädie , Volume 5, p. 28
  6. ↑ Edith Probst: Displaced Women , in: Displaced Reason: Emigration and Exile Austrian Science. 2nd International Symposium, October 19-23, 1987 in Vienna . Jugend und Volk, Vienna 1988, p. 1079.
  7. ↑ a b Franz Höllering , at Univie
  8. ↑ Dana Filipek: The modern German-language drama literature on the North Bohemian Teplitz theater stage in the years 1924-1933 , dissertation Masaryk University , 2010, pp. 40-46
  9. ↑ Christian Rogowski (Ed.): The many faces of Weimar cinema: rediscovering Germany's filmic legacy . Camden House, Rochester, NY 2010, p. 231, fn. 12
  10. ↑ Lilly Becher: Foreword , in: Heinz Willmann : History of the Arbeiter-Illustrierte Zeitung. 1921-1938. Dietz, Berlin 1974 (GDR), p. 8
  11. ^ Bernhard Fulda: Press and politics in the Weimar Republic . Oxford Univ. Press, Oxford 2009, p. 35
  12. ^ René Geoffroy: Hungary as a place of refuge and place of work for German-speaking emigrants (1933–1938 / 39) . Lang, Frankfurt am Main 2001, p. 296. Timings differ from Bruce Murray: Film and the German left in the Weimar Republic: from Caligari to Kuhle Wampe . Univ. of Texas Pr., Austin 1990, p. 228.
  13. ↑ Christian Rogowski (Ed.): The many faces of Weimar cinema: rediscovering Germany's filmic legacy . Camden House, Rochester, NY 2010, p. 218
  14. ↑ a b c Rolf Kieser: Franz Höllering , 1989, pp. 373–383
  15. ↑ Carl von Ossietzky: Der Fall Franz Höllering , in: Die Weltbühne , January 5, 1932, p. 1ff, in: Carl von Ossietzky: Complete Writings 1931-1933 , at Project Gutenberg
  16. ↑ Karsten Schilling: The Destroyed Legacy. Berlin newspapers of the Weimar Republic in portrait . Books on Demand, Norderstedt 2011. Berlin, Freie Univ., Diss., 2010, pp. 368–374.
  17. ↑ Thomas Kirschner: The "Prager Mittag" - the short story of an emigrant newspaper , at: Radio Praha , April 28, 2007
personal data
SURNAME Hoellering, Franz
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Franz Höllering (maiden name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Austrian journalist
DATE OF BIRTH July 9, 1896
PLACE OF BIRTH Baden (Lower Austria)
DATE OF DEATH January 11, 1968
Place of death Munich