Franz Xaver von Rudtorffer

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Franz Xaver Ritter von Rudtorffer

Franz Xaver Rudtorffer , from 1809 von , from 1822 Ritter von Rudtorffer (born February 8, 1760 in Vienna , † February 13, 1833 there ) was an Austrian surgeon and specialist writer .

Life

Early life and education

Franz Xaver Rudtorffer was born in Vienna on February 8, 1760, the son of a tradesman with a large family. Little is known about Rudtorffer's early years, but his later professional career was predetermined by his parents at an early age. He was supposed to be trained as a surgeon and in 1774, after having attended the Jesuit high school, as was customary at the time, apprenticed to a surgeon. In addition, he attended lectures on surgery and anatomy with Ferdinand von Leber and obtained his license in 1777.

Then he returned to his parents' house in order to be able to devote himself to his surgical-anatomical studies undisturbed. He was actively supported by several professors from the medical faculty , including Thomas Knauer, Leber's assistant, and Joh. Brockmüller, professor at the Bürgerspital. In addition, he was given the opportunity to take part in Leber's home visits and Knauer's anatomical examinations. In addition, he also attended the practical surgical training institute in the unified Spanish and Holy Trinity Hospital , under the direction of Professor Raphael Steidele, where he obtained his master's degree in surgery in 1779.

Master of Surgery

Thanks to recommendations, Rudtorffer was able to stay at the unified Spanish Trinity Hospital after completing his master's degree. There he received an assistant position to the famous Professor Maximilian Stoll and the famous surgeon Andreas Sartory, which he held until 1781. From 1784 he worked as a secondary doctor in the newly opened General Hospital , where he took over the early ordinations for poor civil servants, the surgical care of the mentally ill and the judicial opening of corpses. The mentally ill he surgically cared for were housed in the Narrenturm , which was also newly opened at the time .

In 1793 Rudtorffer was finally appointed primary surgeon for all medical departments of the AKH and in 1801 he was also appointed primary surgeon in the 2nd surgical department. In addition to this, he gave heavily attended private lectures on surgical operations and the use of bandages . However, he had to end the lectures due to disapproving superiors and was only able to continue them again thanks to a government decree in 1802.

Later years of life

In 1809 he received the "Treatise on the operation of the bladder stone" published in 1809 for the "Treatise on the simplest and safest surgical method of caged inguinal and thigh hernias, together with an appendix of strange observations relating to the operative part of the art of wound medicine" published in 1805 after Pajola's method "and a few other treatises, the medical and surgical doctorate of the University of Würzburg .

During the occupation of Vienna by Napoleon in 1809, Rudtorffer was able to distinguish himself and prove himself when he cared for the General Hospital, which had 2,000 wounded.

After Lebers death in 1810, he took over the chair for theoretical surgery at the University of Vienna , which he held until his retirement in 1821. In January 1810, Rudtorffer opened his lectures in the presence of many professors, doctors and surgeons, which he continued until his retirement. A gout disease eventually forced Rudtorffer into retirement.

His main work is the "Armamentarium chirurgicum selectum. Or illustration and description of the most excellent older and newer surgical instruments" published in 1817. Rudtorffer also used the order contained therein for the establishment of the collection, the surgical instruments and associations of the University of Vienna, which he was in charge of until two years after his retirement in 1823.

Franz Xaver Rudtorffer died on February 13, 1833 in his native Vienna.

Honors

Rudtorffer's professional work earned him several honors .

  • 1803: corresponding member of the Imperial and Royal Joseph Academy in Vienna
  • 1806: full member of the Imperial and Royal Josephs Academy in Vienna
  • Honorary diplomas from the physico-medical society in Erlangen and the Imperial Medical Society in Vilnius
  • Order of the Legion of Honor : awarded by Louis XVIII. from France
  • 1809: Medical and surgical doctorate: awarded by the University of Würzburg
  • 1809: simple nobility: awarded by Emperor Franz I.
  • 1822: Knighthood: awarded by Emperor Franz I.

Works

During his professional activity as a doctor, Rudtorffer published a number of specialist articles .

  • Treatise on the simplest and safest method of operating caged inguinal and thigh hernias, together with an appendix of remarkable observations relating to the operative part of the art of wound medicine . 2 volumes. Leipzig 1805.
  • Treatise on the operation of the bladder stone according to Pajola's method . Vienna 1808.
  • Brief outline of the special therapy for prospective surgeons . Vienna 1812.
  • Armamentarium chirurgicum selectum. Or illustration and description of the most exquisite older and newer surgical instruments . Vienna 1817.
  • Treatise on the improvement of the instruments, devices and ancillary requirements necessary for resuscitation of the apparent deaths, together with a brief overview of the rescue procedure . Vienna 1821.

literature

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d e f g h i Constantin von Wurzbach: Biographical Lexicon of the Kaiserthums Oesterreich: containing the life sketches of the memorable people who lived in the imperial state and in its crown lands from 1750 to 1850 . Twenty-seventh part. Rosenberg - Rzikomsky. Printing and publishing of the kk Hof- und Staatsdruckerei, Vienna 1874, p. 228-231 .
  2. ↑ a b c d E. Gurlt: Rudtorffer . In: historical commission at the royal. Academy of Sciences (Ed.): General German Biography . Twenty-ninth volume. v. Rodde - v. Ruesch. Duncker & Humblot Publishing House, Duncker & Humblot Publishing House 1889, p. 584-586 .
  3. ↑ a b H. Leitner: Rudtorffer Franz X . In: Austrian Academy of Sciences (Ed.): Austrian Biographical Lexicon. 1815-1950. IX. Band Ràzus Martin - Savic Žarko. Publishing house of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna 1988, ISBN 3-7001-1483-4 , p. 318 .
  4. ↑ a b c Gabriela Schmidt: Rudtorffer Franz Xaver . In: Felix Czeike (Hrsg.): Historisches Lexikon Wien in 6 volumes . tape 5 . Ru - Z. Buchverlag Kremayr & Scheriau, Vienna 2004, ISBN 3-218-00749-6 , p. 11 .
  5. ↑ K. Gurlt: Rudtorffer . In: August Hirsch (Ed.): Biographical lexicon of the outstanding doctors of all times and peoples . 2nd Edition. Fourth volume. Maack - Salzmann. Urban & Schwarzenberg, Berlin / Vienna 1932, p. 913 .
personal data
SURNAME Rudtorffer, Franz Xaver von
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Rudtorffer, Franz Xaver; Rudtorffer, Franz Xaver Ritter von
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Austrian surgeon and specialist writer
DATE OF BIRTH February 8, 1760
PLACE OF BIRTH Vienna
DATE OF DEATH February 13, 1833
Place of death Vienna