Women's employment and training association

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The Women's Acquisition and Training Association (FEAV) (spelling: Women's Acquisition and Training Association ) was a women's association founded in Bremen in 1867 , which was dissolved at the end of 2018.

history

First women's clubs

The first women's associations of the women's movement emerged in Prussia from 1810 onwards, based on French models. They dissolved again after 1815. At the end of the 1820s, various charitable women's associations were founded, which were primarily caring.

In 1865 the General German Women's Association was founded in Leipzig to improve vocational training. The Lette Association founded in Berlin in 1865 took care of better education for girls and vocational training for women. The Patriotic Women's Associations , founded in 1866 by the later German Empress Augusta , served as the female part of the Red Cross in Prussia.

Association to expand the female work area

In 1867, the Bremen women's movement founded the association for the expansion of the female field of work , which was called the Women's Employment Association in the following years . The women's rights activists Ottilie Hoffmann , Marie Mindermann and Henny Sattler were the founders along with other women. The association came from middle-class circles and men could be members. So then was Karl Theodor Oelrichs the first chairman of a club which quickly had 500 members. The association advocated women's suffrage , which could not be realized in Bremen until 1918.

In 1867 the advanced training school for commercial professions and the sewing school was also founded . The association library existed since 1868 and the association joined the Association of German Women's Education and Employment Associations . Courses for nurses were set up in 1870, the association for the training of nurses was set up in 1881, the girls' protection office was set up in 1885 and an employment agency was set up in 1895.

From 1871 to 1892 the writer and politician August Lammers  - brother of the women's rights activist Mathilde Lammers  - was chairman of the association. He initiated the accession to supra-regional organizations such as the General German Women's Association and the Association for the Promotion of Employment of the Female Sex , which was founded as the Lette Association in 1866 by Wilhelm Adolf Lette and still exists today. In 1893 Lucy Lindhorn and the pedagogue Heinrich Otto Reddersen became chairmen of the women’s trade association.

In 1893 Ottilie Hoffmann, who was an active member of the board, took part as a delegate in the founding of the Federation of German Women's Associations on March 28 and 29, 1894 in Berlin ; the founding assembly elected her to the federal executive committee until 1902.

In 1895 women like Lucy Lindhorn, Emilie Bendel , Felicie Gildemeister, Ottilie Hoffmann, Doris Focke were involved in the transformation of the association into an all-women association. In 1897 it was renamed the Women's Employment and Training Association (FEAV) and the association merged with similar groups, including the Bremen Cooking School Association . Lucy Lindhorn took over the sole chairmanship and Bendel was active as an accountant and secretary in the association.

From 1893 to 1898 the association had its headquarters in the old town of Bremen , at Geeren No. 47. In 1898 the first own club house of the FEAV was opened in Bremen-Mitte at Pelzerstraße No. 8/11, in 1905 (or 1907) the neighboring property Perlzerstraße No. 7 was purchased. Since 1898 the business school with the subdivisions of the Bremen kitchen , housekeepers, washerwomen and tillerwomen had been in the clubhouse . Gymnastics courses were offered. Ansgarikirchhof No. 10 could be acquired through donations and in 1903 the Josephinenheim , a kind of women's hotel or even an early women's shelter, opened here . In 1904 there were seminars for home economics teachers.

In 1909 the women's school was opened under the direction of the teachers Emilie Bendel and Agnes Matthes. The school received a state license in 1911. The women's school with subjects such as economics, civic studies, English, art history, home economics, nutrition, home bookkeeping and cooking served as preparation for a subsequent professional training. In 1915 the school was closed in favor of a women's service school . It can be seen as the forerunner of the later social seminar.

As with the Lette Association , the program also included courses in foreign languages, commercial correspondence, drawing and handicrafts (from 1898 to 1909). Financial difficulties around and after 1905 led to the abandonment of the nursing school and some courses and social services. In 1910 the club joined the Bremen Women's City Association . At this time the association had the following departments: advanced training school, sewing school, business school, women's school, commercial and industrial department, library, job placement, federal affairs and the Josephinenheim. In 1913 the seminar for needlework teachers was added. The First World War required some changes. Many women were now increasingly involved in general and social aid work. A training workshop was created and a sales point for cooking boxes as well as courses for childcare workers and baby care. The women's school was closed in 1915 and a women's service school was established in 1917 .

After the First World War

After the war, in addition to the female board of directors, the Women's Employment Association also had a male administrative board for finances until 1922.

Increasingly, not only the general school system but also the vocational training of women became a state responsibility. In 1920 the compulsory agricultural training school was introduced and in 1921 the higher commercial school was established. However, the private engagement of the association remained: in 1919 the women's service school was converted into a social women's school, courses for unemployed women were offered and from 1919 and 1926 socio-educational seminars for kindergarten teachers as well as for handicraft and housework teachers took place until around 1932 and 1933. Kindergartens have been set up in various parts of the city . In 1927 a middle school started teaching.

In 1918, Agnes Heineken became the director of the schools of the women's acquisition and training association. She successfully supported the further development of vocational and technical schools.

The nursery school opened in 1923, the seminar for industrial teachers in 1926, the mothers' school in 1926/27 after the purchase of the houses at Contrescarpe No. 162/164 (together with the Patriotic Women's Association) and in 1929 the higher technical school for kindergarten teachers.

time of the nationalsocialism

During the National Socialist era , the Women's Employment Association was dissolved in 1933. Many of its tasks were taken over by the state or by the National Socialist women's group . In 1933 the general women's school, the social women's school and the kindergarten teachers and nursing school were converted into a state technical school for women's professions . The commercial school department was attached to the city's commercial schools. Sewing, cooking and housekeeping courses and lunch were continued. In 1943 operations had to be largely stopped; the house Contrescarpe No. 162 was destroyed in 1943 and in 1944 the building on Pelzerstraße.

After 1945

Immediately after the war, the activities of the women's trade association were resumed under the direction of Nora Arens, who was the association's chairman until 1957. A lunch table was set up at Contrescarpe No. 8 and the school was set up for courses in housekeeping as well as cooking and sewing. In 1946 the association joined the newly established Bremen Women's Committee . Mothers courses were offered in cooperation with the Federal Insurance Agency for Salaried Employees (BfA). In 1952 a new teaching building was built.

The members of parliament and politicians Elly Ley (FDP) from 1957 to 1963 and Johanne Lohmann (FDP) from 1963 to 1974 led the association. In 1957 the Bremen cookbook could be reissued. Since 1970 women and girls have been supported in training and retraining. From 1974 to 1979 and from 1983 to 1986 the association was headed by Brigitte Schmundt, from 1980 to 1983 by Julie Kulenkampff. In 1982 model tests were carried out to train Turkish girls to become assistants in medical and legal professions. She trained as a dressmaker, in housekeeping technology, in commercial training, as an interior decorator (1985) and as a specialist in the hospitality industry (1986).

The chairwoman of the association from 1987 to 2002 was the politician and former member of the Bundestag (1975–1983) Gisela Hüller (FDP). Since the 1990s, there have been German courses for resettlers, IT training courses in office professions and training support in the field of business assistants, women's computer schools, courses for telepoint managers, qualifications for tele services , Windows applications , internet services and e-office managers. In the 2000s, courses for domestic assistants in inpatient care for the elderly, training and aptitude tests for migrants and women 50+, further training in qualification in the entrepreneurial service sector and the project learning, integration and work for women (LIA) were added.

From 2003 to 2015 the association was headed by Gertrud Stoevesandt. Her successor was the former chairwoman Gisela Hüller, who heads the association to this day.

The association dissolved at the end of 2018 and the assets were transferred to the University of Bremen Foundation .

Building

The building, gable side on Carl-Ronning-Straße
Gable ornament

The five-storey, red stone-faced teaching building on Pelzerstraße / corner of Carl-Ronning-Straße with a conservative facade was built from 1951 to 1952 according to plans by the architect Bernhard Wessel .

Monument protection

The building was listed as a cultural monument in Bremen in 2000 . See the list of cultural monuments in Bremen-Mitte # 0258

aims

The Women's Employment Association - currently at Carl-Ronning-Strasse No. 2 - is now an institution that qualifies women and men for employment. It is predominantly women who are in the training and further education of the association, women whose professional biography was interrupted due to social, cultural or individual influences, women who often had no opportunity to develop their gainful career in a straight line. As a recognized institution of further education, the association has the 1st certification as an educational institution according to the Bremen Further Education Act.

Socially caused deficits should be compensated for through training and further education and specific strengths of women should be promoted. The needs of women and the needs of the labor market are taken into account in the further training offers. There is cooperation with companies and other providers in training and further education and close cooperation with public clients in the implementation of labor market policy measures.

The board decides the content, the management implements the goals.

Among other things, qualifications in the commercial service sector, advanced training in geriatric care through "intercultural skills in geriatric care" and offers for women aged 49 and over based on the motto "healthy and active" also as training for women with health restrictions are offered.

literature

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Nina Willborn: An end with a new beginning . In: Weser courier . May 22, 2018, p. 7 ( online ).