Friedrich Karl Max Vierhapper

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Friedrich Karl Max Vierhapper , also known as Fritz Vierhapper (born March 7, 1876 in Weidenau , Austrian Silesia , † July 11, 1932 in Vienna ), was an Austrian botanist , plant systematist and university professor at the University of Vienna . Its official botanical author abbreviation is " Vierh. "

Life

The son of the teacher and amateur botanist Friedrich Vierhapper (1844–1903), “ F.Vierh. "Spent his childhood and school days in Ried im Innkreis , studied natural sciences (especially botany ) from 1894 to 1899 and received his doctorate with the thesis" On the systematics and geographical distribution of an alpine dianthus group "at the University of Vienna . Vierhapper was a student of Anton Kerner von Marilaun , Karl Fritsch and assistant to Richard Wettstein . In the spring of 1906 he completed his habilitation at the University of Vienna on the basis of his work “Monograph of the Alpine Erigeron Species of Europe and the Middle East” and was associate professor for systematic botany at this university from 1915 (title) and 1919 (employment). In addition, from 1911 until his death, he was honorary lecturer for botany and head of the botanical chair at the University of Veterinary Medicine in Vienna, today the University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna .

Friedrich Vierhapper was one of the forerunners of the modern biological concept of small species ( Valeriana celtica subsp. Norica, Soldanella austriaca, Campanula witasekiana , Doronicum glaciale subsp. Calcareum ) in botany . He was particularly interested in researching the flora of the Lungau in the province of Salzburg . As a specialist in the flora of the Eastern Alps , he was particularly concerned with the alpine species of the genera Dianthus , Erigeron and Soldanella , but also discovered species such as the two-flowered cornices Juncus biglumis or the hemlocksilge Conioselinum tataricum as new to the flora of the Alps .

Vierhapper also dealt with the flora of the Carpathians , Bosnia , Greece , Crete as well as with the flora of South Arabia and the East African island of Socotra . The plants of southern Arabia and the island of Socotra described by Vierhapper were collected by an expedition of the Imperial Academy of Sciences between 1898 and 1899 and from 1903 to 1909, u. a. published in the "Contributions to the knowledge of the flora of South Arabia and the islands of Sokótra, Sémha and 'Abd el Kûri".

In 1929 Vierhapper published an anastatic new edition by Anton Kerner of Marilaun's famous “Plant Life of the Danube Countries” (1863), adding 24 plates and additions to the original text in the form of comments to show that his teacher Kerner had been fundamental more than 60 years earlier for plant sociology.

Vierhapper committed suicide on July 11, 1932. The exact motives for his suicide are not entirely clear, but his poor health (rheumatoid arthritis) and the appointment of the flower ecologist Fritz Knoll and at the same time the rejection of his person as successor to the ordinariate of Richard Wettstein played a major role, the latter being influenced by the historical obituaries of 1932 is kept secret. Vierhapper was buried in the Vienna Central Cemetery. He bequeathed his almost 14,000 herbarium specimens to the herbarium of the Institute of Botany at the University of Vienna (herbarium abbreviation WU).

Honors

Heinrich von Handel-Mazzetti (1882–1940) described the genus Vierhapperia Hand.-Mazz in his honor . , which is placed today to Nannoglottis (Asteraceae).

literature

  • August Ginzberger : Friedrich Vierhapper. In: Negotiations of the Zoological-Botanical Society in Vienna. 82 (1-4), 1932, pp. 4-28 ( PDF (2.3 MB) on ZOBODAT ).
  • Erwin Janchen : Friedrich Vierhapper. In: Ber. German bot. Ges. 50, 1932, pp. 224-234.
  • LK Böhm: Obituary under university news. In: Vienna Veterinary Monthly. 29 (17), 1932, p. 542 ( bilder-hochladen.net ).
  • Manfred Adalbert Fischer , Wolfgang Adler, Karl Oswald: Excursion flora for Austria, Liechtenstein and South Tyrol. 2nd, improved and enlarged edition. State of Upper Austria, Biology Center of the Upper Austrian State Museums, Linz 2005, ISBN 3-85474-140-5 (Chapter: History of the study of flora. ).

Works

  • Fritz Vierhapper jun .: On the systematics and geographical distribution of an alpine dianthus group . In: Meeting reports of the Academy of Sciences in Vienna, mathematical and natural science class . tape 108 . Vienna 1898, p. 1057-1170 ( archive.org ).
  • Fritz Vierhapper: "Arnica Doronicum Jacquin" and her closest relatives . In: Austrian Botanical Journal . tape 50 . Vienna 1900, p. 109–115, 173–178, 202–208, 257–264, 501 , doi : 10.1007 / BF01672846 ( archive.org ).
  • Fritz Vierhapper jun .: monograph of the alpine Erigeron species of Europe and the Middle East. Studies of their tribal history on the basis of their morphological properties and geographical distribution . In: Supplements to the Botanisches Centralblatt, 2nd section . tape 19 . Berlin 1906, p. 385-560 ( bibdigital.rjb.csic.es ).
  • Friedrich Vierhapper: Contributions to the knowledge of the flora of southern Arabia and the island of Sokótra, Sémha and 'Abd el Kûri' Part I: Vascular plants of the islands of Sokótra, Sémha and 'Abd el Kûri' . In: Memoranda of the Academy of Sciences in Vienna, mathematical and scientific class . tape 71 . Vienna 1907, p. 321-490 ( archive.org ).
  • Friedrich Vierhapper: Conioselinum tataricum, new for the Alps . In: Austrian Botanical Journal . tape 61-62 . Vienna, S. 1–10, 97–108, 139–146, 187–194, 228–236, 264–273, 341–347, 395–402, 435–441, 478–486, 22–29, 66–73 , doi : 10.1007 / BF01633939 ( archive.org archive.org - 1911–1912).
  • Friedrich Vierhapper: Juncus biglumis L. in the Alps . In: Austrian Botanical Journal . tape 67 . Vienna 1918, p. 49-51 , doi : 10.1007 / BF01637993 ( archive.org ).
  • Friedrich Vierhapper: About real and false vicarism . In: Austrian Botanical Journal . tape 68 . Vienna 1918, p. 1–22 , doi : 10.1007 / BF01636260 ( archive.org ).
  • Friedrich Vierhapper: Contributions to the vascular flora of the Lungau, No. 1–10 . In: Austrian Botanical Journal . tape 48, 49, 51, 69, 70, 72, 73, 74/75 . Vienna (1898, 1901, 1919, 1919/1920, 1920/1921, 1922/1923, 1923/1924, 1924/1925).
  • Friedrich Vierhapper: The limestone schist flora in the Eastern Alps . In: Austrian Botanical Journal . tape 70/71 . Vienna, S. 261–293 / 30–45 , doi : 10.1007 / BF01634751 ( archive.org - 1921–1922).
  • Friedrich Vierhapper: The plant cover of Lower Austria (=  local history of Lower Austria . No. 6 ). Association f. Regional studies of Lower Austria, Vienna 1923.
  • Friedrich Vierhapper: About endemic alpine plants . In: Der Alpenfreund . 1924: Issue 10, pp. 147-148; Issue 12, pp. 181-184; 1925: Issue 1, pp. 15-16; Volume 3, pp. 47-48; No. 4, pp. 63-64; Book 5, pp. 79-80. Munich. ( Review (PDF; 376 kB). In: Botanisches Centralblatt. Volume 6, 1925/26, p. 472)
  • Friedrich Vierhapper: The plant cover of the Waldviertel . In: Eduard Stepan (Ed.): The Waldviertel - A home book . tape I . German Fatherland, Vienna 1925.
  • Anton Kerner: The plant life of the Danube countries . Ed .: Friedrich Vierhapper. 2nd Edition. Innsbruck 1929 ( anastatic print ).
  • Friedrich Vierhapper: Juncaceae in "The natural plant families along with their genera and most important species, especially the useful plants." by Adolf Engler and Karl Prantl. 2nd Edition. tape 15 a: Farinosae, Liliiflorae, Scitamineae. Edited by L. Diels . Leipzig 1930.
  • Friedrich Vierhapper: Preparatory work for a plant geographical map of Austria. XIV. Vegetation and flora of the Lungau (Salzburg). With an overview map . In: Treatises of the Zoological-Botanical Society in Austria . tape 16 , no. 1 . Vienna 1935, p. 1–289 ( PDF on ZOBODAT - published posthumously).

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Lotte Burkhardt: Directory of eponymous plant names - Extended Edition. Part I and II. Botanic Garden and Botanical Museum Berlin , Freie Universität Berlin , Berlin 2018, ISBN 978-3-946292-26-5 doi: 10.3372 / epolist2018 .

Web links

Wikisource: Friedrich Vierhapper  - Sources and full texts
personal data
SURNAME Vierhapper, Friedrich Karl Max
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Vierhapper, Fritz (nickname)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Austrian botanist and plant systematist
DATE OF BIRTH March 7, 1876
PLACE OF BIRTH Weidenau , Silesia
DATE OF DEATH July 11, 1932
Place of death Vienna