Vidnava

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Vidnava
Vidnava coat of arms
Vidnava (Czech Republic)
Paris plan pointer b jms.svg
Basic data
State : Czech RepublicCzech Republic Czech Republic
Region : Olomoucký kraj
District : Jeseník
Area : 427 ha
Geographic location : 50 ° 22 '  N , 17 ° 11'  E Coordinates: 50 ° 22 '20 "  N , 17 ° 11' 11"  E
Height: 233  m nm
Residents : 1,282 (Jan 1, 2019)
Postal code : 790 55
License plate : M.
traffic
Street: Mikulovice - Javorník
Railway connection: Velká Kraš – Vidnava
structure
Status: city
Districts: 1
administration
Mayor : Rostislav Kačora (as of 2018)
Address: Mírové náměstí 80
790 55 Vidnava
Municipality number: 541303
Website : www.vidnava.cz
ring

Vidnava (German Weidenau ) is a town in Okres Jeseník ( Freiwaldau district ) in the Czech Olomoucký kraj .

Geographical location

The city is located in the Sudeten on the Weidenauer Wasser in the foothills of the Jeseníky Mountains on the Polish border, about 16 kilometers north of Jeseník and 87 kilometers north of Olomouc .

history

Town Hall and Town Hall Square
The Church of St. Catherine in the city center

Weidenau was probably founded in 1264 in the corridors of the village of Krosse , which belongs to the Ottmachau castellan , by the locator Rüdiger Heldore, and from 1290 belonged to the Neiss diocese . The first written mention comes from the year 1291. In 1428 the place received town charter and was burned down by the Hussites in the same year . The city fire of 1574 almost completely destroyed the city. In the Thirty Years' War the Swedes invaded in 1633 and epidemics decimated the population .

The demarcation of the boundary between Prussia and Austria to the north and east of the city, negotiated in the Peace of Wroclaw between 1741 and 1745 as a result of the Silesian Wars , brought a significant break in urban development . The neighboring village of Schubertskrosse became Prussian. In Weidenau, a state elder was created for the Principality of Neisse Austrian share.

A new schoolhouse for girls and boys was completed in 1830. In 1897 the city received a railway connection with the Haugsdorf –Weidenau local railway line . In 1912 the route was continued by Neisser Kreisbahn AG to Neisse .

In 1924 Weidenau Vogtei , Neu Kleinkrosse and Stachlowitz , which had previously belonged to Alt Rothwasser , were incorporated. The city of Weidenau had 2158 inhabitants in 1939. Until 1945 there was a seminary of the Archdiocese of Breslau with a philosophical-theological college in Weidenau .

After the Second World War , the majority of the Sudeten German population was expelled . Rail traffic across the now Polish border was not resumed.

In 1948 the property of the domain property of the Archdiocese of Breslau, whose direction Freiwaldau ( Jeseník ) had its seat in Johannesberg Castle in the neighboring town of Jauernig for exactly 200 years , took place. In this context, the city was renamed.

As part of border adjustments with Poland , the place Krasov ( Schubertskrosse ) was handed over to Czechoslovakia in 1959 and later incorporated into Vidnava. In 1961, Fojtova Kraš was re-incorporated and from 1976 to 1990 Velká Kraš was also incorporated.

Demographics

Population development until 1945
year Residents Remarks
1834 1,802 German, mostly Catholic residents, including 51 Jews and six Evangelicals
1900 1,881 German residents
1910 1,945 thereof 1,927 Catholics, eleven Evangelicals and six Israelites (15 Czechs / Slovaks, 18 Poles )
1930 2,186
1939 2.158

Community structure

No districts are shown for the city of Vidnava. Basic settlement units are Štachlovice ( Stachlowitz ) and Vidnava ( Weidenau ). The settlements of Krasov ( Schubertskrosse ), Nová Malá Kraš ( New Kleinkrosse ) and Vidnavské Fojtství ( Weidenau Vogtei ) also belong to Vidnava .

Personalities

sons and daughters of the town

Personalities who have worked on site

  • Richard Werner (1875–1945), university professor, attended the Weidenau grammar school
  • Hubert Preibsch (1892–1959), politician, attended elementary school in Weidenau
  • Erich Kleineidam (1905–2005), Catholic theologian, professor in Weidenau
  • Milo Barus (1906–1977) - strength athlete, strength acrobat and strongest man in the world, grew up in Weidenau

Twin cities

literature

  • Faustin Ens : The Oppaland, or the Troppauer Kreis, according to its historical, natural history, civil and local characteristics. Volume 4: Description of the location of the principalities of Jägerndorf and Neisse, Austrian Antheils and the Moravian enclaves in the Troppauer district. Gerold, Vienna 1837, pp. 297-300.

Web links

Commons : Vidnava  - collection of images, videos and audio files
Wikisource: Weida in the Topographia Bohemiae, Moraviae et Silesiae  - sources and full texts

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ http://www.uir.cz/obec/541303/Vidnava
  2. ↑ Český statistický úřad - The population of the Czech municipalities as of January 1, 2019 (PDF; 7.4 MiB)
  3. ↑ Adolf Lorenz: I was allowed to help. My life and work. (Translated and edited by Lorenz from My Life and Work. Charles Scribner's Sons, New York) L. Staackmann Verlag, Leipzig 1936; 2nd edition ibid. 1937, p. 30 f.
  4. ↑ Adolf Lorenz: I was allowed to help. My life and work. (Translated and edited by Lorenz from My Life and Work. Charles Scribner's Sons, New York) L. Staackmann Verlag, Leipzig 1936; 2nd edition ibid 1937, p. 28.
  5. ↑ Faustin Ens : The Oppaland or the Opava district, according to its historical, natural history, civic and local peculiarities. Volume 4: Description of the location of the principalities of Jägerndorf and Neisse, Austrian Antheils and the Moravian enclaves in the Troppauer district. Gerold, Vienna 1837, pp. 297–298 .
  6. ^ Meyer's Large Conversational Lexicon. Volume 20: Veda up to number 6, completely revised and enlarged edition, new impression. Bibliographisches Institut, Leipzig et al. 1909, pp. 472–473.
  7. ↑ Ludwig Patryn (ed.): The results of the census of December 31, 1910 in Silesia , Opava 1912, pp. 32–33, item 6E.
  8. ^ A b Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. Freiwaldau district (Czech. Jeseník, formerly Fryvaldov). (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006).
  9. ↑ http://www.uir.cz/zsj-obec/541303/Obec-Vidnava