Friedrich Wilhelm Krummacher

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Friedrich Wilhelm Krummacher

Friedrich Wilhelm Krummacher (born January 28, 1796 in Moers , † December 10, 1868 in Potsdam ) was a Reformed theologian and well-known preacher.

Life

As the son of Friedrich Adolf Krummacher, Krummacher belonged to the second generation of the Krummacher theologian family . He was the older brother of Emil Wilhelm Krummacher and the father of Adolf Krummacher , who became known as the author of the song Stern auf den ich schaue .

Krummenacher visited after the elementary school , the high school in Duisburg . From secondary school he attended high school in Bernburg . He studied theology at the University of Halle in 1815 and 1816 and moved to the University of Jena in 1819 . Krummacher was a participant in the festival at the Wartburg in 1817 and also known personally to Carl Sand , as he writes in his autobiography. In Jena he became a member of the original fraternity in the winter semester of 1816/17 , after he had already joined the Teutonia Halle fraternity in 1815 and the Corps Guestphalia Halle in the winter semester of 1815/16 .

Friedrich Wilhelm Krummacher worked as a pastor in Barmen -Gemarke and Elberfeld (both today in Wuppertal ). He turned down an appointment as professor of theology in the United States of America. From 1847 he was pastor at the Trinity Church in Berlin , from 1853 court preacher in Potsdam .

Krummacher was a supporter of the revival movement who was sharply opposed to rationalism and whose biblical preaching was called "narcotic" by Goethe . (cf. Weimarer I, 42 / I, 16ff) Friedrich Engels assesses him in his letters from Wuppertal in 1839, among other things: “The aesthetic value of his sermons is only appreciated by very few in Elberfeld; because if you hold your three colleagues, who almost all have an equally strong audience, against him, he appears as one, the others as nothing but zeros, which only serve to increase his value. ”According to contemporary sources, his sermons resolved real "mass migrations" from; Because there was not enough space in the churches, church windows were hung up so that Krummacher could also be heard from outside. His sermon (on Galatians 1, 8/9) in the Bremen Ansgari Church in 1840 triggered the Bremen church dispute. His sermons on the prophet Elijah inspired the composer Felix Mendelssohn Bartholdy to compose the Elias Oratorio (1846). Krummacher was one of the great preachers of the early German church congresses .

Like his father and son, Krummacher was the author of Protestant hymns, which were part of the songs of Protestant hymn books until the end of the 20th century.

Works

  • Poems . Essen, Duisburg 1819
  • Solomon and Sulamith. 15 Sermons from the Song of Songs. 1826.
  • Four sermons from the Song of Songs. Hassel, Elberfeld 1826 digitized
  • Zion harp. A song collection (editorship). 1827.
  • Look into the realm of grace. Collection of evangelical sermons. 1828.
  • Elias the Thisbiter. Sermons , 3 vols., 1828 (numerous new editions up into the 20th century). Digital copy (Published: Vol. 1–2)
  • Words of greeting to the evangelical-reformed community in Elberfeld spoken when he took office there on February 8, 1835 . Elberfeld 1835
  • The last judgment. Guest sermon given on July 12, 1840 in front of the St. Ansgarii congregation in Bremen , 2nd edition Bremen 1840
  • Paul is not a man in the spirit of our time. Sermon delivered on July 19, 1840 in front of the St. Angrii congregation in Bremen . 2nd edition Wilh. Kaiser, Bremen 1840 digitized
  • Theological reply to Doctor Paniel in Bremen . Elberfeld 1840
  • Elisa , 3 vols., Wilhelm Hassel, Elberfeld 1840–1845. First volume. 2nd ed. 1844 digitized
  • The sanctimonious rationalism before the judgment seat of the h. Font. Resumé of the Bremen church feud . Hassel, Elberfeld 1841 digitized
  • The event book. Sermons. Neukirchen 1845.
  • Time sermons . Wilhelm Hassel, Elberfeld 1847 digitized
  • Solomon and Sulamith: Sermons from the Song of Songs . 6th edition Wilhelm Hassel, Elberfeld 1848 digitized
  • The sabbath bell. Church testimonies (sermons and lectures), 12 vol., 1851–1854.
  • The suffering Christ. A passion book. Velhagen and Klasing, Bielefeld 1854 digitized
  • Friedrich Wilhelm Krummacher. An autobiography. Wigandt and Grieben, Berlin 1869 digitized
  • Always victory. Wuppertal-Barmen 1962.

literature

  • (Friedrich Engels): Letters from the Wuppertal I . In: Telegraph for Germany . No. 49 March 1839; No. 52 March 1839
  • (Friedrich Engels): Friedrich Wilhelm Krummacher's sermon on Joshua . In: Telegraph for Germany . No. 84 May 1839
  • Anti-Krummacher or worth and appreciation of religious popular opinion of the present . Schubert, Hamburg 1840.
  • Johann Peter Lange: Words of Defense against Dr. Friedrich Wilhelm Krummacher. A contribution to the negotiations on the theological questions of the time, prompted by an assessment of my writing: “The life of Jesus” in the “palm leaves” of the above . Published by Meyer and Zeller, Zurich 1846
  • Otto von Ranke:  Krummacher, Friedrich Wilhelm . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 17, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1883, pp. 243-246.
  • M. Krummacher, Our Mother , Bielefeld 1894.
  • Entry in: Religion Past and Present (RGG) . 3. Edition. Vol. IV, Col. 83.
  • Otto Wenig: Rationalism and Awakening Movement in Bremen. Prehistory, history and theological content of the Bremen church disputes from 1830 to 1852 . Bouvier, Bonn 1966, pp. 221–245
  • Johannes Friedrich Diehl:  Krummacher, Friedrich Wilhelm. In: Biographisch-Bibliographisches Kirchenlexikon (BBKL). Volume 4, Bautz, Herzberg 1992, ISBN 3-88309-038-7 , Sp. 715-716.  ( Article / beginning of article in Internet archive )
  • Harald Schroeter-Wittke : Identity Construction and Prophecy. The Elias homilies by Gottfried Menken , Friedrich Wilhelm Krummacher and Johannes F. A. de le Roi. Monthly Bulletin for Evangelical Church History of the Rhineland, 50th year 2001, pp. 295–319.
  • Hermann-Peter Eberlein: Album ministrorum of the reformed community Elberfeld. Preachers and pastors since 1552, Bonn 2003 (SVRKG 163), pp. 106–111.
  • Hans-Henrik Krummacher: Friedrich Wilhelm Krummacher and the criticism of religion in the 19th century , Pietism and modern times. A yearbook on the history of modern Protestantism, Vol. 31, Göttingen 2005, pp. 196–217.

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Bernhard Sommerlad : Wartburg Festival and Corps students. Then and now . Vol. 24 (1979), p. 39 (No. 45).
  2. ^ Peter Kaupp (edit.): Stamm-Buch of the Jenaische Burschenschaft. The members of the original fraternity 1815-1819 (= treatises on student and higher education. Vol. 14). SH-Verlag, Cologne 2005, ISBN 3-89498-156-3 , p. 87.
  3. ↑ Kösener Corpslisten 1960, 116 , 532
  4. ^ Helge Dvorak: Biographical Lexicon of the German Burschenschaft. Volume II: Artists. Winter, Heidelberg 2018, ISBN 978-3-8253-6813-5 , pp. 425-427.

Web links

personal data
SURNAME Krummacher, Friedrich Wilhelm
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Krummacher, Friedrich Wilhelm Arnold
BRIEF DESCRIPTION reformed theologian
DATE OF BIRTH January 28, 1796
PLACE OF BIRTH Moers
DATE OF DEATH December 10, 1868
Place of death Potsdam