Fritz Heinsheimer

Fritz Heinsheimer (actually Friedrich Max Heinsheimer ; born May 6, 1897 in Mosbach , † August 8, 1958 in Wiesbaden ) was a German painter.

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Heinsheimer was the son of the district judge Karl Heinsheimer and his wife Anna Regina, nee. Dreyfuss. The family moved to Heidelberg in 1899, where the father had received a professorship for civil law. Both parents belonged to the Jewish community, but had their son baptized Protestant in the year of his birth. After finishing high school in Heidelberg in 1914 , Heinsheimer was a soldier in the First World War in Russia and France from 1915 to 1917 and was ultimately seriously wounded near Verdun . From 1917 to 1921 he was a student of Angelo Jank in Munich and from 1925 to 1932 he was a master student of Max Slevogt in Berlin . Further stations in his life were Meersburg (1921– approx. 1929) and the island of Java (1931–1932). Since 1921, Heinsheimer was married to the economist Mina Emma Louise Scheid (1894–1964).

Heinsheimer was banned from exhibiting in 1933 during the Nazi era because of his Jewish descent (“full Jew” according to the Nuremberg Race Laws ). Because of his military awards from the First World War, he was initially able to continue using his studio and carry out private assignments. Louise Heinsheimer contributed to the family's upkeep as a beautician. In 1936 the painter was expelled from the Reich Chamber of Fine Arts , and in 1939 he was banned from any artistic activity. As part of the “ Degenerate Art ” campaign in 1937, one of his watercolors was confiscated by the National Socialists from the city of Berlin.

Heinsheimer had been friends with Friedrich Hielscher since 1932, and with the historian Otto-Ernst Schüddekopf since 1939 . His studio in Berlin's Kurfürstenstrasse was used several times for conspiratorial meetings between representatives of various resistance groups and the circle around Hielscher. Friedrich Hielscher, Gerhard von Tevenar and Célestin Lainé finally made it possible for Heinsheimer to flee to France in 1942. He was initially housed with the family of Ange Pierre Péresse , a Breton nationalist and later a leading member of the Bezen Perrot , and was then later able to go into hiding in Paris (1942-1946) with an Alsatian identity . There he drew fabric samples under the cover name Fernand Husser and met Ernst Jünger regularly .

After the Second World War , Heinsheimer lived in Wiesbaden and went on study trips to Switzerland (1953), Sweden (1955) and Rome (spring 1957). He was in personal and letter contact with Ernst Jünger and Célestin Lainé until his death .

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The works outsourced in Potsdam , Bornim and Berlin could no longer be found after returning from emigration. Klaus Kauffmann's catalog of works from 1990 included 429 works put up for auction (graphics, watercolors, drawings and paintings). In terms of art history, Fritz Heinsheimer belongs to the Lost Generation and Expressive Realism .

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He made graphics, painted watercolors and oil paintings. His motifs were images of war from soldiers' life during the First World War, landscapes from Lake Constance and the Rheingau, portraits (including Josephine Baker , Bertolt Brecht and Friedrich Hielscher ), images from working life (fishing and grape harvest), sports images (boxers, runners, high jumpers, Cycling races and Javanese dancers). His pictures are listed in auctions.

Images in museums and public buildings

• Vineyards on Lake Constance (I) from 1927. Cultural Office of the City of Meersburg
• Bert Brecht from 1926 in the Brechthaus Museum in Augsburg
• US Ambassador Schurman and Berlin Mourning Conductor for Reich President Ebert in the Kurpfälzisches Museum in Heidelberg
• Self-portrait with brush , studio scene with three female nude models , vineyard on Lake Constance , all oil, three Javanese women , watercolor, all part of the donation from the Zimmermann Collection, in the Museum of Art and Cultural History Marburg
• The Rhine near Kaub , oil, Gustav Hartung , lithography, a. a., in the Museum Wiesbaden
• Poster for an exhibition of the Java images in Speyer ; Letters from Fritz and Karl August Heinsheimer to Max Slevogt in his written estate, in the Palatinate State Museum in Speyer

Treatises

• Fritz Heinsheimer and Franz Josef Kohl-Weigand : Max Slevogt as a teacher, artist and person. Self-published by Kohl-Weigand, St. Ingbert / Saar 1968
• Friedrich F. Husser: On the genealogy of the number . In: Dialectica, International Journal of Philosophy of Knowledge, 1958
• Friedrich F. Husser: On a principle of measurement . In: Monographs on Natural Philosophy, Volume IV, Meisenheim am Glan 1960

Book illustrations

(in chronological order)

Illustration by Fritz Heinsheimer (not shown for copyright reasons) in the frontispiece of the book by Jakob Wassermann: Das Amulett

• Fritz Heinsheimer: ice skater. Color lithograph. Publishing house of the Society for Reproductive Art, Vienna around 1920.
• Jakob Wassermann: The amulet. IL Schrag Verlag, Nuremberg 1926. (Frontispiece: copper gravure after the original etching by Fritz Heinsheimer).
• Fritz Heinsheimer (illustrator): The wise judge. An interlude in two cases. From Old Spanish (translated into German). Hoboken Press, 1928. (With original poster by Fritz Heinsheimer for the performance of the play on January 19, 1929 in Heidelberg).
• Harro v. Wedderkopp: The Book of Northern Italy. Munich, Piper 1931. (With drawings by Fritz Heinsheimer and Georg Walter Rössner) - series What is not in the “Baedeker” .
• Sinclair Lewis: The Artwork. Rowohlt Verlag, Berlin 1934. (1 sheet title book by Fritz Heinsheimer).
• Paul Wiegler: The house on the Vltava. Novel. Rowohlt, Berlin 1934. (Cover drawing by Fritz Heinsheimer).

Portraits in guest books

Arthur Kannenberg's guest book , who kept Uncle Tom's hut in Berlin-Zehlendorf from February 1929 to autumn 1930 and then Pfuhl's hut at Stresemannstrasse 103, contains a drawing of the plump host with glass in January 1931 by Fritz Heinsheimer.

Retrospective in Mosbach

In 2010 the artist's birthplace, Mosbach / Baden, acquired an extensive collection of works from the estate, including etchings, watercolors and lithographs. These works were shown in an exhibition in the rooms of the Kunstverein Neckar-Odenwald in the summer of 2014, together with other works by Fritz Heinsheimer and works by his teacher Max Slevogt.

Exhibitions

After the First World War

• 1922 Participation in the summer exhibition of the Heidelberg Art Association
• 1926, 1930 participation in the Christmas exhibitions of the Heidelberger Kunstverein
• 1927 Solo exhibition at the Heidelberg Art Association
• 1925–1930 participation in the spring and autumn exhibitions at the Prussian Academy of the Arts in Berlin
• 1927 Participation in the "Sport" exhibition at the Berlin Secession
• 1928 Participation in the exhibition at the Badischer Kunstverein
• 1932 Participation in the exhibition “New Art” in the Deutschlandhaus Berlin
• 1932 Participation in the exhibition "Theater and Music in the Visual Arts" of the "German Art Association" in the Charlottenburg Palace in Berlin
• 1932 Participation in the "Competition and Exhibition of Art" at the Xth Olympiad in Los Angeles

After the Second World War

• 1960: "10 years group 1950" in Wiesbaden (he was a member of the "artist group 1950")
• April 1961: Heidelberger Kunstverein
• December 1961: Mannheim Art Association
• July 20, 2014 to September 7, 2014: Fritz Heinsheimer - a painter from Mosbach. Mosbach, in the "old slaughterhouse". City of Mosbach with the History and Museum Association Mosbach e. V. and Kunstverein Neckar-Odenwald.

literature

Exhibition catalogs

• Klaus Kauffmann (Ed.): Fritz Heinsheimer (1897-1958). A rational artist in an irrational time. Catalog of works part I. Hamburg 1990. (Simultaneously catalog for the auction of the estate of December 12, 1990)
• City of Mosbach (ed.): Fritz Heinsheimer - A painter from Mosbach. Life and work. Exhibition catalog, Mosbach 2014. Texts and editing Karsten Weber.

Phases of life

• Ernst Jünger : Radiations (in it: Paris diary ). Heliopolis-Verlag, Tübingen 1949
• Friedrich Hielscher : Fifty Years Among Germans , Rowohlt, Hamburg 1954
• Ina Schmidt: The Lord of Fire. Friedrich Hielscher and his circle between paganism, new nationalism and resistance against National Socialism . SH-Verlag, Cologne 2004, ISBN 3-89498-135-0 (also dissertation at the University of Hamburg with Stefan Breuer 2002; see review by H-Soz-u-Kult ).
• Karsten Weber: "Your grateful student Fritz Heinsheimer". From letters from the Mosbach-born painter to his “master” Max Slevogt. In: in this country. The regional magazine of the Rhine, Neckar and Main. Volume 29, 2014, ISSN  0930-4878 , No. 47, pp. 33–41.

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1. ^ "Degenerate Art" confiscated inventory. In: Database “Degenerate Art”. Retrieved January 20, 2020 . 
2. ↑ Ina Schmidt: The Lord of Fire. Friedrich Hielscher and his circle between paganism, new nationalism and resistance against National Socialism . SH-Verlag, Cologne 2004, ISBN 3-89498-135-0 (also dissertation at the University of Hamburg with Stefan Breuer 2002; see review by H-Soz-u-Kult ). Pp. 262-266.
3. ↑ Maike Bruhns : Fritz Heinsheimer - Aspects of an artist's existence in the 20th century. In: Klaus Kauffmann (Ed.): Fritz Heinsheimer (1897-1958). A rational artist in an irrational time. Catalog of works Part I. Hamburg 1990. (At the same time catalog for the auction of the estate of December 12, 1990), pp. 8–9.
4. ^ Rainer Zimmermann: Expressive Realism. Painting of the Lost Generation , Hirmer, Munich 1994, p. 385.
5. ↑ List of auctioned pictures of Fritz Heinsheimer
6. ^ Museum in the Brechthaus: Portrait of Brecht by Heinsheimer ( memento from December 13, 2010 in the Internet Archive )
7. ^ Fritz Heinsheimer - a painter from Mosbach. History and Museum Association Mosbach e. V.
8. ↑ Peter Lahr: Karsten Weber solved art thriller about a painter from Mosbach. ( Memento from August 14, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) In: Rhein-Neckar-Zeitung from May 26, 2014.
9. ↑ Bibliography Karsten Weber in the Rhineland-Palatinate Bibliography.