Frohnlach
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Frohnlach
Community Ebersdorf bei Coburg
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| Residents : | 2000 (Jun 30, 2007) |
| Incorporation : | May 1, 1978 |
| Postal code : | 96237 |
| Area code : | 09562 |
Frohnlach is located in the district of Coburg in Upper Franconia . It is the easternmost part of the municipality of Ebersdorf bei Coburg and with around 2000 inhabitants, it is the second largest district after Ebersdorf.
geography
Frohnlach is located on the B 303 southeast of Coburg near the border with Thuringia .
history
On the borders of the Lichtenfels forest , which Margravine Alberada transferred to the Bamberg monastery in 1070 , the place “vronenloh”, which means “Herrenwald”, was created in the 11th century through clearing work. Frohnlach was first mentioned in a document in 1260, when the founder of the Sonnefeld monastery , Heinrich II von Sonneberg , bought the village from "Otnandus de sleten" (from Kirchschletten near Zapfendorf). According to a document from the Bishop of Bamberg, Heinrich II. Von Sonneberg came to Bamberg Cathedral on January 7, 1260 and indicated by laying his hood on the altar of St. Peter that he had the villages of Ebersdorf and Frohnlach, which he partly dated Bishop and the Bamberg Church in fiefdom owned, handed over to this. At Heinrich's request, the goods were transferred to the venerable abbess of the Maidbronn Cistercian convent near Würzburg. The abbess was commissioned to build a new Sunnental monastery with the nuns of her monastery, which was called "Superius Eberhartsdorf" and to take it under her special protection.
On April 23, 1260, Heinrich II. Von Sonneberg handed over the village of Frohnlach to the newly founded monastery and on July 29, 1264 Heinrich and his wife Kunigundis transferred their goods to the now completed Sonnefeld monastery, including the village of Frohnlach, which was leaned against by the bishop of Bamberg. In 1281 Dietrich von Kulmbach venerated the income from Frohnlach to the monastery for the second time and in 1285 Konrad von Wildberg donated the village of Frohnlach with all goods and income to the monastery for the third time.
Frohnlach remained the property of the Sonnefeld Monastery. The residents received from the Monastery of the land for farming and had for the decade to deliver as well as forced labor to pay. The place Forke is said to have risen in Frohnlach. In 1508 Frohnlach owned 25 able-bodied men who were equipped with 25 balaclavas, 12 gollers, 19 breastplates, 3 pairs of bracers, 28 spears, 5 halberds, 2 rifles and 25 knives. When the Sonnefeld monastery was abolished in 1532 after the Reformation , Frohnlach came under the manorial suzerainty of the secular judicial office of Sonnefeld. Frohnlach must have had city rights around 1400 , because in 1467 and in the following years the Frohnlach fought against the restriction of trade rights.
First documentary mention
The Lichtenfelser Forst, a former imperial forest, was owned by the Fulda Monastery in the 10th century. It came to the Bamberg Monastery in 1070 when the Margravine Alberada founded the Banz Monastery and was later of great importance for the Sonnefeld Monastery and a number of the villages belonging to the monastery.
When the Lichtenfels Forest was handed over to Bamberg, the southeastern part of the former Coburg state became the border area between the Diocese of Fulda and the Bamberg Monastery.
On the borders and in the clearings of the Lichtenfelser Forest, individual settlements and villages emerged from the 11th century, mostly through clearing work. One of these villages was Frohnlach. Frohnlach or "Vronenloh", as it was called back then, means Herrenwald, which indicates the proximity to the former Reichswald, the Lichtenfelser Forst. The records began with the construction of the Sonnefeld monastery in 1260. However, it is very likely that Frohnlach is even older.
The founder of the Sonnefeld Monastery was Heinrich II von Sonneberg . Occasionally, reference is made to his brother Eberhard zu Sonnerberg as the founder of the villages. Heinrich II had bought the village of Frohnlach from "Otnandus de sleten" ( Kirchschletten near Zapfendorf), among others . His father Heinrich I von Sonneberg was in the service of the monastery of Saalfeld as Vogt and was responsible for the administration of the goods in the Coburg area. In this position he headed the provost's office in Coburg (today's office building). He had embezzled many goods and in the process sold the village of Frohnlach several times. Once known, he was expelled from the church (excommunicated), which meant that after his death he could not go to heaven. He made his son's promise on his death bed to atone for this crime and to return the misappropriated goods to the church.
Heinrich II. Von Sonneberg probably came to Bamberg Cathedral on January 7, 1260 according to a document from the Bishop of Bamberg and indicated by laying his hood on the altar of St. Peter that he had the villages of Ebersdorf and Frohnlach, which he partly owned by the bishop and the Bamberg church in fiefdom, handed over to him. To do this, he had to buy back the villages from several owners. At Heinrich's request, the goods were transferred to the abbess of the Maidbronn Cistercian convent near Würzburg. Incidentally, she was the sister of Heinrich II von Sonneberg. She was commissioned to found a new Sunnental monastery with the nuns of her monastery, which was called "Superius Eberharts-Dorf". The new monastery was allowed to obtain timber and timber from the Lichtenfels forest.
The abbess Jutta von Maidbronn confirms this donation and the order to found a new monastery in a document of the same date. The Maidbronn Monastery was already at its peak in 1260 and 1264, because at that time it was able to send a founding convention to the Sonnefeld Cistercian Monastery in Upper Franconia.
On February 13, 1260, Bishop Iringus of Würzburg, as the responsible diocesan bishop, gave his consent to the establishment of the monastery on the Birkenleite near Frohnlach. He confirmed the freedoms of the Cistercian order to the monastery and, like the Bishop of Bamberg, forbade the appointment of rebels over the monastery property. On April 23, 1260, Heinrich von Sonneberg gave the newly founded monastery the first donation of the village of Frohnlach and on July 29, 1264 Heinrich and his wife Kunigundis transferred their goods to the completed Sonnefeld monastery with the village of Frohnlach given as a fief by the bishop of Bamberg and three Mansen in "snow", but this without the tithe. In 1281 the income from Frohnlach was venerated to the monastery for the second time by Dietrich von Kulmbach, and in 1285 Konrad von Wildberg donated the village of Frohnlach with all goods and income to the monastery for the third time.
Until now, the historians and local researchers were of the opinion that the founding of the Sonnefeld monastery in Ebersdorf or Frohnlach was only planned and never came about. Walter Lorenz from Coburg has proven in his doctoral thesis Campus Solis (History of the Sonnefeld Monastery) that the monastery was completely furnished and occupied with nuns in 1264. The exact location of the monastery is still unknown today. However, since the foundation deeds mention Ebersdorf once and Frohnlach the other time, it can be assumed that the monastery was probably located on or on the Altfrohnlachsberg near the corridor border between Ebersdorf and Frohnlach. The founder's document from 1264 says at the end: "And so the congregation and the convent of the nuns in Ebersdorf were inaugurated and named Sonnefeld under happy auspices." On the basis of these facts, one could also deduce that the Protestant parish church in Ebersdorf, which originated from a chapel mentioned in 1274, dates from the founding time of the Sonnefeld monastery or is related to the founding of the monastery. This former chapel may have served as a place of worship for the convents or lay brothers of the monastery, as they were not allowed to enter the nuns' church. In 1287 a huge fire destroyed the monastery near Ebersdorf or Frohnlach. Fourteen bishops conferred indulgences on the monastery at the imperial synod in Würzburg. Lay brothers went from church to church in the dioceses, proclaiming indulgences and collecting donations for reconstruction. So the monastery was able to rebuild the necessary buildings in the 14th century. The new building was no longer carried out on the old square, but at the village of Hofstädten. After completion, the monastery was relocated to Hofstädten. Frohnlach remained the property of the Sonnefeld Monastery as long as it existed. The residents received the land for cultivation from the monastery and had to deliver the tithe and perform labor services.
Over the centuries, craftsmen such as white butchers, bakers and innkeepers also worked for the monastery. The inn was already an inn during the monastery times and belonged to the monastery. The inhabitants of Frohnlach found their livelihood through the monastery.
After the Sonnefeld Monastery was dissolved in 1532, it was converted into the secular, princely office of Sonnefeld. After the mismanagement of the monastery in the last decades and the effects of the revolutionary peasant war, there were the first private possessions.
Thirty Years' War
Before the Thirty Years' War there were two villages, Forke and Frohnlach, which were on the local road that connects Sorge (today: Neuensorg) with Großgarnstadt. If you went from Sorge to Großgarnstadt, Forke was on the right of the street and Frohnlach on the left.
The street village was not only haunted by long and frequent billeting. The hordes of soldiers looted, tore down houses or burned them down. Imperial war people, Hungarians, Croats, Lombay and Holkens riders and badly housed Kronachers came to the place. In 1635 the country was so impoverished “that here too many people had to leave their homes and farms, many of whom were satisfied with earth, bran and flour bread, tree bark, linseed cake, grains, dogs, cats, and even carrion, because of a lack of food . Also because it gave rise to poisonous and hideous diseases, many died and starved to death. Since the soldiers had taken away all the horses and cattle, the farmers hitched themselves to the plows so that they just wanted to grow something ”.
After the Thirty Years' War there are no more records of Forke. It must be assumed that the place Forke could no longer be built. The last farm on the right of the street was probably the farm farm, which from then on belonged to Frohnlach. All the farms on the Birkelitha were destroyed forever. Today you can still find remains from these courtyards in the form of ceramics in the fields on the Birkenleithe.
Times of war
When Napoleon I , coming from Bavaria, marched against the Prussians, two armies were camped on the Altfrohnlachsberg and at the Dürrmühle. Finds of equipment and coins were made again and again in the period that followed. The spring by the mill is popularly called the Napoleon Fountain.
In 1826 the office of Sonnefeld and thus Frohnlach fell to the Duchy of Saxony-Coburg . At the interface between northern and southern Germany, a border created by Duke Casimir between Bavaria and the Duchy of Coburg, at the "field barrier" near Frohnlach, a lively organized border smuggling was carried out before the German Customs Union came into effect on January 1, 1834. Up to 500 men crossed the border in the dark with packs of up to 60 pounds and earned good extra income. The smuggling hub on the other side was in Schney .
When France sent out its “revolutionary waves” in 1848, they also found an echo in Frohnlach. That is why the Weimar military was moved to the village for some time to suppress the “demagogic activities”. In the German-French war were killed two Glad Lacher, in the First World War 51 casualties were lost. In World War II, fell 54 men.
school
In 1895/96 Frohnlach got its own school, which was expanded in 1935 and expanded in 1960. In 1969 she was incorporated into the Ebersdorf School Association. In 1975 three teachers taught there.
Merger
In 1852 Dürrmühle was incorporated into the Frohnlach community. On May 1, 1978 Frohnlach was incorporated into Ebersdorf.
Economy and Infrastructure
economy
The Büttner trade had been at home in Frohnlach since the 14th century, and arks (piles of prepared Zuberdauben) rose everywhere in the village. The Büttner had a good living and were able to give the Schwürbitzer raftsmen their goods for sale as far as Frankfurt am Main . Thanks to a number of building, firewood and timber rights, they were able to obtain logs from the Lichtenfels forest. That was always a thorn in the side of the forest hunters and the forestry office; Again and again these rights were curtailed and narrowed, for example in the years 1384, 1475, 1537, 1601 and 1752. In 1793 there were 60 Weissbüttner in Frohnlach, whose number had shrunk to 3 in 1906. Today the craft is extinct.
When the basket-making trade gained a foothold in nearby Michelau , the Frohnlacher family turned to this profession. Attempts by some wickerworkers in Frohnlach to set up shops after the First World War and to manufacture the wickerwork on an industrial scale failed and the companies closed again. Only a few master craftsmen could survive. The basket makers had enough earnings with good years of contract, but did not get rich. Difficult times followed, such as 1929–1933, when great unemployment and hunger and hardship were constant guests of the basket makers. The years 1934 to 1939 brought an upswing through the armament in the Third Reich, but this was stopped by the beginning of the Second World War. After 1945, basket makers' items such as wicker chairs, stools, chests, etc. were sought-after household items and good barter and black market objects, even if they were made from substitutes such as chip, paper cord and cardboard. Manufacturers drove as far as Württemberg and Baden with these articles in order to exchange them for fruit, schnapps, potatoes, grain and everything else that could be eaten.
After the currency reform in 1948 in the early 1950s, the first independent entrepreneurs established themselves and delivered their goods directly to department stores and wholesalers. This created the basis for industrial production and the factories and workshops grew from year to year. In addition, the cities that were bombed by the war had a lot of catching up to do with these goods and sales rose steadily.
Today the resident companies produce mainly upholstered and plastic furniture in large industrial companies in accordance with market requirements. In 1975 each of the two largest companies still employed around 400 workers.
Until the beginning of the 21st century, Frohnlach was an industrial location for furniture and upholstered furniture. As early as the 1990s, the upholstered furniture industry began to decline in the entire region, due to its relocation to Eastern and Southern Europe, because of the much cheaper labor there. Many small businesses had to close in Frohnlach as well. Today there are still three noteworthy companies that manufacture upholstered furniture and office chairs. Only two of them still produce in Frohnlach. The largest upholstered furniture manufacturer W. Schillig employs 1200 people at four locations (as of 2016). There were around 500 employees in Frohnlach in 2011. Before going bankrupt in summer 2018, the upholstered furniture manufacturer Ewald Schillig had a total of 220 employees.
traffic
In terms of traffic, Frohnlach is well connected. It has a direct connection to the federal highway 303 ( Schweinfurt - Wunsiedel ). A junction of the A 73 motorway is located near Ebersdorf near Coburg , which leads to Suhl and, since autumn 2008, to Bamberg . On August 1, 1901, the place got a connection to the railway network with the Steinachtalbahn . Freight traffic was stopped on May 30, 1992 and the tracks were dismantled in 2000.
Others
Frohnlach is known, among other things, for its successful football club, VfL Frohnlach , which took part in the 1979/80 DFB Cup .
literature
- Walter Lorenz: Campus Solis - history and property of the former Cistercian abbey Sonnefeld near Coburg . Dissertation, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg 1958.
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b see Sonneberg (noble family)
- ↑ City Museum Coburg. Retrieved March 26, 2016 .
- ↑ Book 'Kloster Sunnenkamp - Der Anfang' by Tom Clauß pp. 69–70.
- ^ House of Bavarian History: Coburg, St. Peter and Paul KS0073. Retrieved March 26, 2016 .
- ↑ Sonnenkamp the beginning, page 69ff. Retrieved March 26, 2016 .
- ^ House of Bavarian History: Coburg, St. Peter and Paul KS0195. Retrieved March 26, 2016 .
- ↑ Source for the evidence that Jutta von Maidbronn was the sister of Heinrich II. Von Sonneberg. Retrieved March 26, 2016 .
- ^ The care of Coburg in the Thirty Years' War.
- ^ Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer GmbH, Stuttgart and Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 680 .
