Vixen

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Structural formula
Structure of CI Basic Violet 14
General
Surname Vixen
other names
  • 4 - [(4-aminophenyl) - (4-imino-3-methylcyclohexa-2,5-dien-1-ylidene) methyl] aniline hydrochloride
  • CI Basic Violet 14
  • CI 42510
  • Rosaniline chloride
  • Aniline red
  • Diamond fox
  • Fuchsin basic
  • Fuchsin RFN
  • Magenta I.
  • Magenta
  • Methyl rosanilinium chloride
  • Methyl fuchsine
  • 3-methyl parafuchsin
Molecular formula C 20 H 20 ClN 3
Brief description

green odorless solid

External identifiers / databases
CAS number
EC number 211-189-6
ECHA InfoCard 100.010.173
PubChem 12448
ChemSpider 10468578
Wikidata Q419167
properties
Molar mass 337.85 g mol −1
Physical state

firmly

Melting point

235 ° C (decomposition)

solubility

little in water (4 g l −1 at 25 ° C)

safety instructions
GHS labeling of hazardous substances
07 - Warning 08 - Dangerous to health

Caution

H and P phrases H: 302-351
P: 281
As far as possible and customary, SI units are used. Unless otherwise noted, the data given apply to standard conditions .

Color of fuchsine ( magenta )
color code: # ca1f7b

Fuchsin is a red-blue cationic triphenylmethane dye that is dissolved in alcohol ( ethanol ) and used for staining in microscopy and histology .

history

Fuchsin was discovered in 1858 by the German chemist August Wilhelm von Hofmann and almost at the same time by the Lyon chemist François-Emmanuel Verguin (patent, 1858) and by the Polish Jakub Natanson (1856) and named after the American ornamental plant fuchsia , whose blue-red flowers have a similar shade. It was the second large-scale tar dye .

presentation

Fuchsine crystals

Fuchsine is produced by reacting 4-aminobenzaldehyde , 4-aminobenzyl alcohol or 4,4'-diaminodiphenylmethane with aniline in the presence of oxidizing agents and iron (II) chloride . In addition to fuchsin, the impurity also produces parafuchsin , which has similar properties.

The representation from aniline, o -toluidine , p -toluidine and arsenic acid or nitrobenzene is also possible .

properties

Fuchsin in aqueous solution

Fuchsin forms green-yellow, metallic crystals that slowly dissolve in water and alcohol with an intense red color.

Commercially available fuchsin is a mixture of fuchsin itself - IUPAC name: 4 - [(4,4'-diamino) diphenylmethylene] cyclohexa-2,5-dienylidene ammonium chloride - and parafuchsin {4 - [(4,4'-diamino) diphenylmethylene] -2-methylcyclohexa-2,5-dienylidene ammonium chloride}. They differ in a methyl group and are therefore homologous .

The molecule is a mesomeric stabilized cation with the properties of a cyanine dye . This is the reason for the intense colors of the fuchsin. Alcoholic fuchsin solutions have an abnormal dispersion .

use

Individual evidence

  1. a b c d e f Entry on magenta in the GESTIS substance database of the IFA , accessed on February 1, 2016(JavaScript required) .
  2. H. Gnamm, K. Grafe et al. a .: Handbook of Gerbereichemie und Lederfabrikation. Third volume: Das Leder , 1st part, Springer, 1936, ISBN 978-3-7091-2211-2 , p. 78.
  3. ^ Siegfried Hauptmann : Organic chemistry. 2nd edition, VEB Deutscher Verlag für Grundstoffindustrie, Leipzig 1985, ISBN 3-342-00280-8 , p. 758.
  4. HM Frost: Presence of microscopic cracks in vivo in bone. In: Henry Ford Hospital Bulletin. 8, 1960, pp. 25-35.
  5. ^ TC Lee, E. Myers & W. Hayes: Fluorescence-aided detection of microdamage in compact bone. In: Journal of Anatomy . 193 (02), 1998, pp. 179-184.
  6. ^ Hermann Salmang : Ceramics. 7th edition, Springer-Verlag, Berlin / Heidelberg, 2007, ISBN 3-540-63273-5 , p. 705.

Web links

Commons : Fuchsin  - collection of images, videos and audio files
Wiktionary: Fuchsin  - explanations of meanings, word origins, synonyms, translations