Paul Güßfeldt
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Richard Paul Wilhelm Güßfeldt (born October 14, 1840 in Berlin ; † January 17, 1920 there ) was a German geographer , explorer and alpinist .
Life
After attending the French grammar school in Berlin , Güßfeldt studied natural sciences and mathematics in Heidelberg , Berlin , Gießen and Bonn from 1859 to 1865 . From 1860 he was a member of the Corps Vandalia Heidelberg . In 1868 he completed his habilitation in Bonn and worked as a private lecturer .
After taking part in the Franco-Prussian War of 1870/71 as a volunteer , he became leader of the first expedition to the Loango Coast , a company that was also financially supported by the German Society for Research into Equatorial Africa significant sum involved. Due to a shipwreck near Freetown on January 14, 1873, he lost all equipment and was not able to land in Banana on the Congo estuary until July 25, 1873 . Then he and Adolf Bastian set up the Tschinschotscho station, but despite repeated attempts, failed to penetrate the interior of the country and had to embark again on July 7, 1875. He recorded the scientific results of this expedition in the first part of The Loango Expedition , which he wrote with his travel companions Julius Falkenstein and Eduard Pechuel-Loesche . In 1876 Güßfeldt made a trip to Egypt and from there visited the Arabian Desert with Georg Schweinfurth . From 1878 Güßfeldt was a member of the Leopoldina .
In September 1882 he went to South America to explore the central Andean region . At 34 ° 30 'south latitude, he discovered a large glacier area in the Cypressenthal , and on January 19, 1883, he climbed the highest peak (5400 m) of the crater rim of the Maipo volcano , on February 21 the Aconcagua up to 6400 m, so that according to his measurements only 570 m left to the summit, explored the highlands of Bolivia in April and May and returned to Berlin in July, where he took over the post of Secretary General of the Geography Society , which he resigned in mid-1885.
He made numerous winter ascents, such as the Grandes Jorasses and the Gran Paradiso , and he committed some new routes in the Mont Blanc group , for example the Peuterey ridge , which he climbed from August 15 to 19, 1893 with Emile Rey , Christian Klucker and César Ollier climbed. The Point Güßfeldt (4112 m) as the highest point of the Aiguille Blanche de Peuterey was named after him, as was the Güßfeldtsattel between Piz Scerscen and Piz Roseg . This notch, mostly known today as Porta da Roseg , was first climbed by Güßfeldt with Hans Grass , Peter Jenny and Caspar Capat on September 13, 1872.
He gave accounts of his American trip in the Deutsche Rundschau ; He reported on his numerous alpine hikes in the book In the High Alps. Experiences from the years 1859–85 .
From 1889 to 1914, Güßfeldt accompanied Kaiser Wilhelm II every summer on his trips to the north, which he also had to plan. The emperor held him in high regard and dedicated two pages to him in his book From my life (1927, p. 238 f.).
Paul Güßfeldt was a member of the Freemasons Association .
literature
- Birgit Marschall: Traveling and Governing. The trips to the north of Kaiser Wilhelm II . Carl Winter, Heidelberg, 1991.
- Johannes ES Schmidt: The French Cathedral School and the French Gymnasium in Berlin. Student memories 1848–1861. Edited and commented by Rüdiger RE Fock. Publishing house Dr. Kovač , Hamburg 2008, ISBN 978-3-8300-3478-0 .
- Paul Güßfeldt: Dr. Gussfeldt's Work in the Andes. Proceedings of the Royal Geographical Society and Monthly Record of Geography. New Monthly Series, 6, No. 11, 1884, pp. 658-661.
- Wilhelm II: From my life 1859–1888. 1927, p. 238f.
- Grete Ronge: Güßfeldt, Richard Paul Wilhelm. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 7, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1966, ISBN 3-428-00188-5 , p. 289 f. ( Digitized version ).
Web links
- Literature by and about Paul Güßfeldt in the catalog of the German National Library
Individual evidence
- ↑ Kösener Corpslisten 1960, 68 , 300
- ↑ See Walther Flaig , Günther Flaig : Berninagruppe. Area guide for hikers, mountaineers and high alpinists. 11th edition. Munich 1997, ISBN 3763324178 , p. 191.
- ↑ The nature and mountain painter Helmut Ditsch depicted the mountain group with the title Over the Güßfeldt Glacier in 1993.
- ^ Robert A. Minder: Freemason Politicians Lexicon, study publisher; Lemma Güßfeldt, Innsbruck 2004, 350 pages, ISBN 3-7065-1909-7
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Giessfeldt, Paul |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Güßfeldt, Richard Paul Wilhelm (full name) |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | German geographer and alpinist |
| DATE OF BIRTH | October 14, 1840 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Berlin |
| DATE OF DEATH | 17th January 1920 |
| Place of death | Berlin |