Gallneukirchen basin

The Gallneukirchen basin seen from the Gallusberg (Gallneukirchen).

The Gallneukirchen basin is the largest tertiary basin landscape in the Mühlviertel in Upper Austria . The basin is very rarely referred to as Riedmark , but it was more extensive than the basin. The city of Gallneukirchen gives it its name . The basin is located in the Austrian granite and gneiss highlands and is around 17 kilometers long and up to 4 kilometers wide. Traces of settlement can be found as early as the Neolithic Age (from around 5000 BC) and trade routes led through the basin early on. It was not until the Middle Ages that the Babenbergs settled and cleared the forest as planned .

geography

location

The basin is located around ten kilometers northeast of the provincial capital Linz and runs from northwest (center of the city of Gallneukirchen) to southeast ( Zirking ), where it borders on the Machland . In the north there is a spur to Pregarten , in the west one to Treffling . The largest part is at a height of 300  m above sea level. A. up to 340  m above sea level A. The basin is closely interlinked with the geological and geomorphological spatial unit of the Central Mühlviertel Highlands .

Waters

The basin is drained by the Gusen , which is created near Breitenbruck (municipality of Katsdorf ) from the confluence of the Small and Large Gusen . All other streams, like the Marbach, do not play a significant role. The flowing waters deposit alluvions where numerous fossils have been found. With the exception of smaller fish ponds, there are no still waters. In addition, there is a groundwater reserve in the communities of Gallneukirchen and Engerwitzdorf called the Upper Gallneukirchen Basin .

climate

Due to the southern exposure of the basin, it is one of the climatically favored locations in Upper Austria, the annual mean temperature is between eight and nine degrees Celsius. The coolest month is January with mean temperatures of −1.5 to −2.1 ° C and the warmest month is July with a mean temperature between 17.7 and 18.8 ° C. The precipitation in the Gallneukirchen basin is between 700 and 800 mm per year. The basin has an inversion weather situation, a continuous snow cover in winter is rare.

geology

The Gallneukirchner Basin is an asymmetrical rift valley running northwest-southeast on the southern edge of the Bohemian Massif , which is bordered by a striking geological fault on its southwestern edge. In its geological past, the basin was a bay of the Tertiary Molasse Sea . Therefore, one can find numerous fossils of marine animals here.

The basin of the basin consists of granite rocks of the Bohemian mass. It is mainly Mauthausen granite . Crystal granites are less common. Oligocene deposits from Pielacher Tegel lie on the granite base . Above it lie Linz sands , which form the main aquifer. The upper end of the sequence is the so-called Schlier from the Miocene , which is widespread in almost the entire basin. The deposits have a maximum thickness of around 200 meters, whereby the Schlier can be around 100 meters thick. In the southern part there is also terraced gravel and loess , there are also larger quarries in which the paving stones for the federal capital Vienna were extracted. Sandstone is found mainly in the northeast of the basin, on the eastern edge of the Trefflinger saddle .

traffic

For many centuries, important trade routes have led from the Danube region to South Bohemia via the Gallneukirchen basin. In 1832 the Linz-Gmunden horse-drawn railway ran through the basin landscape in the north. The Summerau Railway has been running across the basin from the Lungitz stop to the Schloss Haus stop since 1872 .

The Mühlkreis Autobahn (A 7) and Prager Strasse (B 125) are the main thoroughfares in this basin that run along the northern edge.

See also

• Southern Mühlviertel outskirts , the spatial unit in which the basin is located.
• Mauthausner granite
• Mauthausen stone industry , quarries were located on the south-eastern border to Machland.

literature

• Office of the Upper Austrian State Government, Nature Conservation Department (Ed.): Volume 37: Raumeinheit Südliche Mühlviertler Randlagen , Vienna 2007, online (PDF; 4.1 MB).
• Ministry of Life Austria (ed.): Groundwater body of the Bohemian mass . Excerpt from the investigation of the Danube groundwater below Jochenstein, online (MS Word file).
• Rudolf Grill: The Oligocän basin of Gallneukirchen near Linz aD and its neighboring areas. In: Communications from the Austrian Geological Society. Volume 28, 1935, pp. 37-72, online (PDF file; 2.5 MB).
• Franz Wieser: A fault on the northeast flank of the Gallneukirchen valley basin. In: Yearbook of the Upper Austrian Museum Association. Volume 99, Linz 1954, pp. 245-247, PDF (1.2 MB) on ZOBODAT .

Web links

• Michael Ferstl: Recording and evaluation criteria for sustainable deep groundwater management with special consideration of the Gallneukirchen basin. Abstract for the dissertation, Institute for Applied Geology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences (BOKU), Vienna 2002.

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Federal Chancellery Legal Information System: Entire legal regulation for the Groundwater Conservation Area Ordinance Upper Gallneukirchen Basin , accessed on June 12, 2009.

Coordinates: 48 ° 20 ′ 53 "  N , 14 ° 25 ′ 33"  E