ODL measuring network
The local dose rate measurement network ( ODL measurement network for short ) is a radioactivity measurement system operated by the German Federal Office for Radiation Protection that determines the local dose rate at the measurement location.
Purpose and aim
The measuring network serves to protect the population in the event of a radiological emergency and also enables documentation of the radiation exposure of the population in Germany. The measuring network is part of the IMIS and is used to quickly warn of increased gamma radiation in the atmosphere, for example due to damage in a nuclear reactor . After a cloud is released, the spread and strength of the radiation can be precisely determined with the help of the measuring network. With the help of simulations, the measured values can be used to create forecasts that are directly incorporated into the emergency response. The legal basis is Article 35 of the Euratom Treaty (EAGV) or Section 2 (1) of the Radiation Protection Precautionary Act (StrVG).
Network nodes and measuring points
The ODL measuring network consists of six measuring network nodes in Berlin , Bonn , Freiburg , Neuherberg near Munich , Rendsburg and Salzgitter , which look after the approximately 1800 (as of 2010) automatically working measuring points. The probes are distributed across the whole of Germany, that is, there is a probe about every 20 kilometers, with the probe density in a radius of 100 km around the nuclear power plants being closer and less outside. The concept of boundary consolidation was abandoned as part of the measurement network reduction in 2007. Due to the data exchange within the European framework ( ECURIE and EURDEP ), possible increases in the local dose rate or the path of a cloud are already known through the measuring networks of the neighboring countries. Some federal states also operate their own local gamma dose rate measurement networks; these are used for remote nuclear reactor monitoring and are limited to the 25 km radius around the respective reactor.
Probe functions
Each probe in the BfS measuring network contains two Geiger-Müller counter tubes that measure the dose rate one meter above the ground. The measuring range extends from 50 nSv / h to 5 Sv / h. The probe is connected to a measuring transmitter by a cable. Both the measurement results from the probe and the power supply for the probe run through the cable. In order to be able to compare the measured values of the stations with one another, the probes are set up on a level meadow that is free of further vegetation within a radius of approx. 20 m. In order to find suitable locations, the BfS relies on the support of public and private guilds.
10-minute and 2-hour mean values are formed from the measurement results, which are then automatically called up via modem via the telephone network, usually once a day, from the responsible measurement network node. If a limit value is exceeded or in the event of technical malfunctions, the measured value transmitter immediately sends an automatic message. The computer systems in the measuring network nodes are designed in parallel. If a measuring network node fails, another node can take over the task, so that monitoring of the local dose rate is guaranteed under all circumstances, even in the event of a crisis. In intensive operation, for example in the event of a disaster , each measuring point is queried every 10 minutes.
Two generations of measured value transmitters are currently in use in the measurement network. The first DLM1420 (dose rate measuring station) from Technidata were purchased in 1987 and have now all been replaced by newer models. From 1999, part of the measuring network with DLM1450 measured value transmitters, also from Technidata, was renewed. This model offered the possibility that the nuclear power plant remote monitoring of the federal states could directly access the measurement data of the BfS measuring points. However, this procedure has now been replaced by data exchange via FTP . The current generation of the measured value transmitter (MWS3) was developed by the Federal Office for Radiation Protection in-house. The conversion of the systems to the MWS3 began in 2006; the old probes can still be used after modifying the data interface, new probe types were also developed by the BfS in-house. The newly developed communication between the transmitter and the probe also enables the detection of technical faults in the probe, as more information from the probe is now taken into account. Since the natural radioactivity is different everywhere, the limit value is set individually for each station. In contrast to the older systems, the MWS3 measured value transmitter calculates the limit values itself and is therefore also able to take into account changes in the ODL, for example due to snow cover, and to adapt the limit value to the new conditions. Furthermore, the MWS3 measured value transmitters have improved communication protocols that support data exchange via GPRS / GSM (cellular phone method ) and directly via the Internet.
On the Schauinsland mountain near Freiburg im Breisgau , the BfS operates a measuring field on which the measurement results of up to 24 ODL probes can be compared in parallel under controlled conditions. In this international long-term comparison, probes from Germany, the Netherlands, France, Austria, Finland and some of our own BfS prototypes are involved. Furthermore, compliance with the international nuclear test ban treaty is monitored at this station with the help of a trace measuring station for radioactivity in the air.
List of German ODL measuring networks
In addition to the ODL measuring network of the Federal Office for Radiation Protection, there are other federal measuring networks at the Federal Maritime and Hydrographic Agency and the Federal Institute for Hydrology , with which the gamma radiation in water is measured, the German Weather Service uses aerosol collectors to measure airborne activity. The responsible federal states operate their own ODL measuring networks to monitor the nuclear facilities . The data from these measurement networks are automatically entered into the Integrated Measurement and Information System (IMIS) and used there to analyze the current situation.
| country | operator | Number of probes | website |
|---|---|---|---|
| Germany (soil) | Federal Office for Radiation Protection (BfS) | 1800 | odlinfo |
| Germany (sea) | Federal Maritime and Hydrographic Agency (BSH), see MARNET | 13 | MARNET |
| Germany (federal waterways) | Federal Institute for Hydrology (BfG) | 40 | RWS |
| Germany (air) | German Weather Service (DWD) | 48 | DWD |
| Baden-Württemberg | State Institute for the Environment, Measurements and Nature Conservation (LUBW) | 100 | Kfü-BW |
| Bavaria | Bavarian State Office for the Environment | 30th | Kfü-BY |
| Lower Saxony | Lower Saxony State Agency for Water Management, Coastal Protection and Nature Conservation | ? | NLWKN |
| North Rhine-Westphalia | State Office for Nature, Environment and Consumer Protection North Rhine-Westphalia | ? | Kfü-NRW |
| Hesse | Hessian State Office for Nature Conservation, Environment and Geology (HLNUG) | 240 | Kfü-HE |
| Schleswig-Holstein | State government of Schleswig-Holstein | 80 | Kfü-SH |
Similar measurement networks in other countries
Just like Germany, many countries operate their own ODL measuring networks to protect the population. In Europe, this data is collected and published on the EURDEP platform of the European Atomic Energy Community . The basis for the European measuring networks is Articles 35 and 37 of the Euratom Treaty. Each state can determine the number of probes in the respective monitoring network. Many countries operate their own websites on which the respective monitoring networks are presented or current data can be downloaded. The values of the Austrian measuring network can also be called up on ORF - Teletext page 623.
List of European ODL measuring networks
| country | operator | Number of probes | website | Data |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Headquarters for Europe | European Radiological Data Exchange Platform (collection of data from European member countries) | 0 | EURDEP | Yes |
| Denmark | Danish Emergency Management Agency (DEMA) | 11 | BRS | No |
| Finland | Radiation and Nuclear Safety Authority (STUK) | 255 | STUK | Yes |
| France | Institute for Radiological Protection and Nuclear Safety (IRSN) | ? | IRSN | No |
| Greece | Greek Atomic Energy Commission (GAEC) | 23 | EEAE | Yes |
| Great Britain | Department for the Environment, Food and Rural Affairs | 92 | RIMNet | Yes |
| Ireland | Radiological Protection Institute of Ireland | 14th | RPII | Yes |
| Iceland | Icelandic Radiation Safety Authority | 4th | GR | No |
| Croatia | Državni Zavod za Radiološku i Nuklearnu Sigurnost - State Office for Radiological and Nuclear Safety (DZNS) | 24 | DZNS | Yes |
| Latvia | Ministry of the Environmental Protection and Regional Development of the Republic of Latvia | 15th | VVD-GOV | Yes |
| Netherlands | Rijksinstituut voor Volksgezondheid en Milieu (RIVM) | 58 | RIVM | No |
| Norway | Norwegian Radiation Protection Authority (NRPA) | 33 | RadNet | Yes |
| Montenegro | Radiation Protection and Monitoring Department (CETI) | 1 | CETI | No |
| Austria | Radiation Protection Department of the Ministry of Life, Federal Environment Agency (Dept. Radiation Warning Systems ) Radiation early warning system measuring network | 336 | SWS | Yes |
| Poland | National Atomic Energy Agency (PAA) | 9 | PAA | No |
| Sweden | Swedish Radiation Safety Authority (SSM) | ? | SSM | No |
| Switzerland | National alarm center NADAM measurement network (NAZ) | 71 | NADAM | Yes |
| Switzerland | Federal Nuclear Safety Inspectorate MADUK measurement network | 57 | MADUK | Yes |
| Serbia | Srbatom | 9 | SRBATOM | Yes |
| Slovakia | Slovak Hydrometeorological Institute (SHMI) | 26th | SHMI | No |
| Slovenia | Slovenian Nuclear Safety Administration (URSJV) | ? | URSJV | No |
| Spain | Nuclear Safety Council (CSN) | 42 | CSN | Yes |
| Autonomous Province of Bolzano - South Tyrol | State Agency for the Environment | 6th | State Agency for the Environment | Yes |
| Czech Republic | State Office for Nuclear Safety (SONS) | 47 | SONS | No |
| Hungary | Országos Sugárzásfigyelő Jelző és Ellenőrző Rendszer (OSJR) | 13 | OSJR | No |
List of non-European ODL measuring networks
| country | operator | Number of probes | website | Data |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Australia | Australia Nuclear Science and Technology Organization | 1 | ANSTO | Yes |
| Hong Kong | Hong Kong Observatory | 12 | RNM data | No |
| Japan | Nuclear Regulation Authority | ? | NSR | Yes |
| Canada | Health Canada | 39 | Health Canada data | Yes |
| Taiwan | Atomic Energy Council | ?? | AEC data | No |
| Thailand | Office for Atoms For Peace | 8th | OAP data | Yes |
| United States of America | Radiation Protection Division US Environmental Protection Agency and National Air and Radiation Environmental Laboratory (EPA) | 100 | RadNet | Yes |
| United States of America | Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration Nevada Site Office (NNSA / NSO) and Desert Research Institute (DRI) of the Nevada System of Higher Education. The probes are located in Nevada and Utah around the Nevada National Security Site | 29 | CEMP | Yes |
See also
Web links
- Daily mean values and locations of the measuring probes
- official brochure on the ODL measuring network of the BfS (PDF; 1.7 MB)
Individual evidence
- ↑ Law on the precautionary protection of the population against radiation exposure (Radiation Protection Provision Act - StrVG) ( Memento of June 3, 2016 in the Internet Archive )
- ↑ a b R. Luff (2011): Development and operation of the German ODL measuring network, lecture at the symposium "Environmental measuring networks - integration and application" September 22, 2011, Umwelt-Campus Birkenfeld ( Memento of the original from December 8, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (PDF; 5.6 MB)
- ↑ BfS press release of June 21, 2005
- ↑ § 11 administrative authorities of the federal government in the radiation protection precautionary law - StrVG ( Memento of March 5, 2016 in the Internet Archive )
- ↑ CONSOLIDATED VERSION OF THE TREATY ESTABLISHING THE EUROPEAN NUCLEAR COMMUNITY (2012 / C 327/01) (PDF)
- ^ Ministry of Life - Measured values from the radiation early warning system . Retrieved August 11, 2010 .
