Yellow hollow tooth

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Yellow hollow tooth
Yellow hollow tooth (Galeopsis segetum)

Yellow hollow tooth ( Galeopsis segetum )

Systematics
Euasterids I
Order : Mint family (Lamiales)
Family : Mint family (Lamiaceae)
Subfamily : Lamioideae
Genre : Hollow tooth ( Galeopsis )
Type : Yellow hollow tooth
Scientific name
Galeopsis segetum
Neck.

The yellow hollow tooth or seed hollow tooth ( Galeopsis segetum ) is a plant from the genus hollow tooth ( Galeopsis ) within the family of Labiatae (Lamiaceae).

description

Illustration from storm
Flower of a yellow hollow tooth
Habit, leaves and flowers

Vegetative characteristics

They are annual herbaceous plants that reach heights of 10 to 50 cm. The stem nodes are at most very slightly thickened in this species. In the case of the multicolored hollow tooth , the stem nodes are clearly thickened and hairy with bristles. The leaves of the yellow hollow tooth stand opposite to each other on the hairy and square stem. They are ovate-lanceolate with a roughly serrated leaf margin .

Generative characteristics

The hermaphrodite flowers are zygomorphic with a double flower envelope . The 2 to 3 centimeters long corollas are pale yellow to whitish, often with a yellow throat and sometimes with small purple throat spots. However, the entire lower lip is never purple, as is sometimes the case with similar colored hollow teeth . Just like the upper leaves, the flowers are downy and hairy with glands. The flowering period in Germany extends from July to August (to October?).

Color variations

There is also a red-flowered form of the yellow hollow tooth, which is probably mostly confused with the broad-leaved hollow tooth ( Galeopsis ladanum ). In the yellow hollow tooth, the flowers are 20-30 millimeters long, in the broad-leaved hollow tooth they are smaller and only 10-20 millimeters long.

Chromosome number

The number of chromosomes is 2n = 16.

distribution

The yellow hollow tooth occurs in western Europe and in southern central Europe.

It likes to grow in soils that are poor in nutrients such as sand, gravel or crushed stone at the edges of paths or fields or in light bushes. It does not occur on calcareous soils. In Central Europe it is considered to be a type of lime-poor debris floor societies ( Galeopsietum segetum ).

Use as a medicinal plant

Because of the Yellow hollow tooth, and ocher yellow hollow tooth called, contained tannins and saponins , a tea made from the aerial parts of plants expectorant earlier sometimes referred to as a cough suppressant applied. As a medicinal plant , however, it only has historical significance today.

Hazards and protective measures

Due to unknown inventory figures and hazard characteristics of this type, it is listed by the IUCN in the Data Deficient category (insufficient data).

literature

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Erich Oberdorfer : Plant-sociological excursion flora for Germany and neighboring areas . With the collaboration of Angelika Schwabe and Theo Müller. 8th, heavily revised and expanded edition. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 2001, ISBN 3-8001-3131-5 , pp.  800-801 .
  2. ↑ Rafaël Govaerts (ed.): Galeopsis segetum. In: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (WCSP) - The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew . Retrieved September 14, 2019.
  3. ↑ Medicinal plants database according to Madaus .
  4. ↑ Galeopsis segetum in the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2013.2. Posted by: S. Khela, 2013. Retrieved May 18, 2014.

Web links

Commons : Gelber Hohlzahn ( Galeopsis segetum )  - Album with pictures, videos and audio files