George of Morlok

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Georg von Morlok, bronze relief.

Georg Morlok , from 1869 by Morlok , (born January 20, 1815 in Dätzingen , † April 17, 1896 in Stuttgart ) was a German architect and railway engineer who worked as a Württemberg construction clerk.

Morlok built many railway lines and stations in Württemberg . He erected factory buildings and workers 'houses in Aalen, Geislingen and Kuchen, built the Postdörfle workers' settlement and the old market hall in Stuttgart and some Catholic churches in Württemberg.

Life

Georg Morlok was born on January 20, 1815 in Dätzingen near Sindelfingen . His father was a builder and died before 1844, his mother Louise lived with her son Georg in Stuttgart at Sophienstrasse 32 from 1844 until her death in 1857.

education

Morlok attended the Royal Real and Trade School in Stuttgart, then studied architecture at the building trade school. He received his further training from Gottlieb von Etzel and Adam Friedrich Groß. In self-study he acquired knowledge of engineering and railway construction. On November 26, 1843, he passed the state examination in building construction, together with Christian Friedrich von Leins . Morlok subsequently supplemented his training with study trips to England, France and Italy.

Working life

In 1845 Morlok was hired for the railway construction in the Württemberg state service. He worked first as a section board member for the construction of the Zentralbahn in Plochingen, then as a building inspector in the Göppingen and Geislingen building authorities under Michael Knoll , the builder of the Geislinger Steige . After the completion of the first phase of the Württemberg railway construction, there was initially a lull in railway construction. Morlok therefore turned in 1852 to Geislingen-Altenstadt , where he built a cotton mill, and in 1854 to Wasseralfingen , where he built extensions for the Swabian ironworks.

In 1858 he was appointed building officer with an annual salary of 1500 guilders. As a construction officer, he automatically became a member of the railway commission. He now planned and managed numerous railway projects. In 1868 he was promoted to senior building officer. Because of his services he was awarded the Knight's Cross First Class of the Order of the Württemberg Crown in 1869 , which was associated with the elevation to the personal nobility. From 1882 to 1886 he was a member of the General Management of the State Railways.

In 1872 Georg von Morlok entered the Württemberg state parliament after electing a replacement for the resigned Karl Gottlieb Schüle for the Herrenberg electoral district . He held the mandate for 10 years until 1882.

family

After taking the state examination in 1843, Morlok lived in Stuttgart from 1844 at Sophienstrasse 32, also his widowed mother until her death in 1857. From 1863 he lived at Schillerstrasse 23. In 1872 he built a four-story house of his own at Uhlandstrasse 3. Morlok's neighbors on Uhlandstrasse were the writer Friedrich Wilhelm Hackländer (Uhlandstrasse 1) and his college friend Christian Friedrich von Leins (Uhlandstrasse 23).

Grave of the Morlok family in the Pragfriedhof Stuttgart .

Before 1850 Morlok married Maria Rauch (1825-1896), who was 10 years his junior. The marriage had two sons:

  • Georg Morlok (mentioned 1877–1903). He was a building officer in Thionville , Lorraine , which belonged to Germany from 1871 to 1918.
  • Josef Morlok (1850-1902). He was a government architect, lived in Ulm, moved to his parents 'house after his parents' death in 1899 and died unmarried in 1902. He built, among other things, the churches of the Assumption of Mary in Talheim (1886/1887), St. Michael in Aßmannshardt (1888) and St. Maria in Heidenheim an der Brenz (1882).

Retirement

In 1886, at the age of 71, Morlok retired with the title of construction director. In 1890 he wrote a basic history of the Württemberg State Railways. He died in Stuttgart on April 17, 1896 at the age of 81. His wife died six months later at the age of 71 on September 7, 1896. The couple was buried in the family grave in section 4 of the Prague cemetery in Stuttgart. After the death of their parents, the house at Uhlandstrasse 3 was owned by their sons Georg and Josef Morlok. Josef Morlok was also buried in the family grave after his death in 1902.

plant

Morlok devoted most of his professional life to railway construction. He made a name for himself through the construction of several railway lines in Württemberg including many station buildings and station keepers' houses, through the construction of a rack railway in Wasseralfingen, the construction of the old main station in Stuttgart and the renovation of the Ulm station. In addition, he planned factory buildings, residential buildings and churches.

Railway construction

Morlok planned and directed the construction of the following railway lines:

time Railway line Stations
1858-1863 Remsbahn Cannstatt – Noerdlingen
1860-1876 Brenzbahn Aalen-Ulm
1865-1869 Upper Jagstbahn / Tauberbahn Goldshöfe – Crailsheim – Mergentheim
1866-1869 Lower Jagstbahn Jagstfeld – Osterburken
1874-1879 Gäubahn Stuttgart – Freudenstadt
1876 Rack railway of the Hüttenwerke Wasseralfingen,
one of the first German rack railways

Despite his senior position, he designed many station buildings along the railway lines he built, including in Schwäbisch Gmünd , Wasseralfingen, Herrenberg , Heidenheim an der Brenz and Bad Mergentheim .

From 1863 to 1867, together with Ludwig von Klein , Carl Julius Abel and Adolf Wolff, he built the old station (today Kino Metropol in Bolzstraße) in Stuttgart , which replaced the central station built in 1846 by Karl Etzel . In 1867 Morlok led the renovation of the Ulm train station.

  • Old Stuttgart train station, 1870.

  • Disappeared railway keeper's house
    on the Geislinger Steige, 1855.

  • Design for a country house in Schaffhausen, 1855.

Civil buildings

In addition to building railways, Morlok also devoted himself to the construction of civil buildings and churches, most of which he built in the style of historicism . Morlok's civil buildings include factory buildings, apartment buildings, and a market hall.

  • Altenstadt cotton mill, 1855.

  • Cotton spinning and weaving cakes, 1862.

  • Old Market Hall Stuttgart, 1912.

  • Postdörfle Stuttgart, 1872.

Churches

Morlok also built some Catholic churches, which he designed in the style of historicism (neo-Gothic, neo-Renaissance).

  • 1868: St. Maria in Aalen, demolished in 1969.
  • 1868–1872: St. Gallus in Tuttlingen.
  • 1869: St. Maria in Staig .
  • 1869–1870: St. Petrus and Paulus in Lauchheim.
  • 1870–1876: St. Bonifatius in Bad Wildbad.
  • 1871–1872: St. Nicholas Church in Dalkingen.
  • 1884: St. Laurentius in Bietigheim, demolished in 1955.
  • 1887: St. Michael in Aßmannshardt (municipality of Schemmerhofen )

  • St. Bonifatius in Bad Wildbad

  • St. Peter and Paul in Lauchheim

  • St. Maria in Staig

  • Assmannshardt, parish church of St. Michael

Honors

Fonts

Morlok was not only a brilliant architect and engineer, but also a skilled specialist writer. In 1855 he published a table about "rural buildings" he had built. In 1870 he wrote an extensive study for the Ministry of Transport on "heating with room stoves". In monographs, he dealt with the construction of the old station in Stuttgart (1867) and the construction of the rack railway in Wasseralfingen (1877). In retirement in 1890, he published a standard work on the development of the Württemberg State Railways in order to preserve contemporary knowledge from being forgotten.

  • Collection of executed rural buildings. Designed and published by Georg Morlok, Royal Württemberg Railway Construction Inspector. Esslingen: Weychardt, 1855, digitized .
  • The new passenger station in Stuttgart. Communicated by Oberbaurath Morlok. In: General Bauzeitung, born 32, 1867, pp 351-372, Plan 51-57, anno.onb.ac.at .
  • The heating by room stoves: by appropriately laid out stoves and their equipment. Reported on behalf of the Royal Württemberg Ministry for the Transport Authorities by G. Morlok, Oberbaurath. Stuttgart: Metzler, 1870.
  • The cog railway near Wasseralfingen. Lecture by the Oberbauraths Morlok, given on November 25th, 1876 at the Association for Building Studies in Stuttgart. Stuttgart: Kohlhammer, 1877. Reprinted under the title: The Wasseralfinger rack railway. A pioneering achievement in Germany. Schweinfurt: Bleiweis, 1995, ISBN 3-928786-41-5 .
  • Presentation by Mr. Oberbaurath von Morlok about the mine railways near Wasseralfingen. Presented at the Association for Building Studies in Stuttgart. Stuttgart, 1877.
  • The Royal Württemberg State Railways: Review of their construction during the years 1835–1889, taking into account their historical, technical and financial moments and results. Portrayed by G. von Morlok, senior building officer and building director. Stuttgart: Deutsche Verlags-Anstalt, 1890. Reprint: Heidenheim: Siedentop, 1986, ISBN 3-924305-01-3 , digitized .

literature

Life

  • Hermann Alexander Müller (preparation); Hans Wolfgang Singer (editor): General artist encyclopedia: life and works of the most famous visual artists. Volume 3: Lhérie – Quittry. Frankfurt am Main: Rütten and Loening, 1898, pp. 250–251.
  • Regina Prinz: Morlok, Georg von . In: General Artist Lexicon . The visual artists of all times and peoples (AKL). Volume 90, de Gruyter, Berlin 2016, ISBN 978-3-11-023256-1 , p. 516.
  • Frank Raberg : Biographical handbook of the Württemberg state parliament members 1815-1933 . On behalf of the Commission for Historical Regional Studies in Baden-Württemberg. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart 2001, ISBN 3-17-016604-2 , p. 579-580 .
  • Max Schefold: Morlok, Georg von . In: Hans Vollmer (Hrsg.): General lexicon of fine artists from antiquity to the present . Founded by Ulrich Thieme and Felix Becker . tape 25 : Moehring – Olivié . EA Seemann, Leipzig 1931, p. 160-161 .
  • Christian Schrenk: The three railway designers in the Heilbronn – Schwäbisch Hall area. Karl Etzel, Georg Morlok and Carl Julius Abel. In: Schwaben and Franken, Volume 33, 1987, Number 8, pp. 1-4.

plant

  • Erich Ebert (editor): Sankt Nikolauskirche zu Dalkingen. To commemorate the 135th consecration day of the neo-Gothic church: 1871–72; Senior building officer Georg von Morlok. Ellwangen: sacrificial kitchen, 2008.
  • Roland Feitenhansl: Heilbronn train station. Its reception building from 1848, 1874 and 1958. DGEG Medien, Hövelhof 2003, ISBN 3-937189-01-7 .
  • Kurt Seidel: The old Gmünder Bahnhof in its structural design. In: Gmünder Studies, Volume 1, 1976, pp. 217-227.

Others

  • Court and State Handbook of the Kingdom of Württemberg 1877, ( books.google.de ).
  • Building director Morlok †. In: Schwäbische Kronik, number 90, April 18, 1896, p. 796.

Web links

Commons : Georg Morlok  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Footnotes

  1. ^ Stuttgart address books 1844–1858.
  2. ↑ #Prinz 2016 , #Schrenk 1987 , #Schefold 1931 .
  3. ↑ #Schrenk 1987 , #Feitenhansl 2003 , p. 171.
  4. ↑ # Raberg 2001 .
  5. ↑ #Morlok 1890 .
  6. ↑ The month of death of Morlok indicated on the tomb is wrong, he died on April 17, 1896 and not on June 17, 1896 ( # Schwäbische Kronik 1896 ).
  7. ↑ #Feitenhansl 2003 , pp. 171–172, #Prinz 2016 .
  8. ↑ #Morlok 1877.1 , #Morlok 1877.2 .
  9. ↑ # Feitenhansl 2003 , pp. 173-175.
  10. ↑ #Morlok 1867 .
  11. ↑ #Prince 2016 .
  12. ↑ #Ebert 2008 .
  13. ↑ # Müller 1898 , p. 251.
  14. ↑ # Hof- und Staatshandbuch 1877 , p. 28.
personal data
SURNAME Morlok, Georg von
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Morlok, Georg
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German architect and railway civil engineer, Württemberg construction officer
DATE OF BIRTH January 20, 1815
PLACE OF BIRTH Dätzingen
DATE OF DEATH April 17, 1896
Place of death Stuttgart