Georgi Kirkov

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Georgi Kirkov Monument in Sofia

Georgi Yordanov Kirkov ( Bulgarian Георги Йорданов Кирков ; pseudonym: Maistor Gotscho Suljama , Майстор Гочо Зуляма; Nickname: maistora (Майстора = Master); * 15. August 1867 in Pleven , † 25. August 1919 in Sofia ) was a Bulgarian politician , Trade unionist , Marxist publicist and writer . He was a co-founder of the Bulgarian Social Democratic Workers' Party (Narrow Socialists) .

Life

Kirkow, the son of an elementary school teacher, attended the elementary school in Pleven and studied from 1879 to 1886 in Nikolaev (Russia) at the South Slav boarding school Todor N. Minkows, where he came into contact with the works of Chernyshevsky , Dobrolyubov , Nekrasov , Pushkin and Gogol . In 1886 he returned to Bulgaria. First he settled in Gabrovo , then in 1887 in Tarnowo . In 1888 he moved to Russia and worked as a teacher in Pleven and Martvitsa. In 1888 his first work, the Powest Старият дъб ( Starijat dab , "The old oak") appeared. In 1890 Kirkow graduated from a training facility for reserve officers. From 1892 to 1895 Kirkow studied cartography in Vienna , where he was active in the Austrian labor movement.

After his return to Bulgaria he became a member of the BSDAP in 1895 and worked until 1897 for the party organ Социалист ("Socialist"). He participated in the party's organizational and propaganda activities. Friendship and collaboration with Dimitar Blagoyev dated from this time . The party congress of the BSDAP in 1897 decided to publish the newspaper Работнически вестник ( Rabotnitscheski Westnik , "Arbeiterzeitung"), of which Kirkow became editor-in-chief, first in Kazanlak (1897–1899), then in Stara ( Zagora (1899–1900) and finally in Sofia (1900–1900) -1905). He turned out to be a talented journalist and satirist . He has written numerous feature articles for the newspaper, known among other things, its cycle Политическа зоология ( Polititscheska zoologija , "Political Zoology"). At the party congress in 1898 he was elected to the Central Committee of the BSDAP. Kirkov was one of the most active opponents of the party's reformist wing. During the internal party disputes, Kirkov supported Blagoiev's Marxist positions. From 1901 he was secretary of the Central Committee. In the same year he was elected to the National Assembly as a deputy for Sliven .

At the splitting party congress of the BSDAP in Russe in 1903, Kirkow became a member of the Central Committee of Narrow Socialists. At the founding congress of the General Workers' Union Confederation ( Bulgarian Общ работнически синдикален съюз ) Kirkov was elected its secretary in 1904. He held this office until 1909, when he was replaced by Georgi Dimitrov . From 1905 to 1919 he was secretary of the Central Committee of the BSDAP (Engozialisten). Kirkow took part in the congresses of the Second International in Stuttgart (1907) and Copenhagen (1910). In 1907 he met Vladimir Ilyich Lenin for the first time in Stuttgart . In 1911 he was elected to the Sofia City Council and again to the National Assembly in 1913. Together with Dimitar Blagoev and Wassil Kolarow , he voted against the war credits demanded by the Vasil Radoslawow government . He was opposed to Bulgaria's participation in the First World War . In the summer of 1917, at the Stockholm Conference, signed the appeal of the Zimmerwald Left on behalf of the Central Committee of the BSDAP (Narrow Socialists) . Kirkov took up close contact with the Bolsheviks and welcomed the October Revolution in 1917. Already seriously ill, he could on XXII. Party congress of the BSDAP (narrow socialists) in May 1919, at which the party renamed itself the Bulgarian Communist Party, no longer participate. However, he sent a letter of greeting to the delegates.

Works (selection)

  • Избрани произведения ( Selected Works , two volumes, Sofia 1950–1951).
  • Избрани фейлетони и хумористични разкази ( Selected features and humorous stories , Sofia 1965, again 1967).
  • Разкази, фейлетони, статии ( stories , features , articles , Sofia 1975).

Honors

  • In numerous Bulgarian cities streets (including in Burgas , Dobrich , Gabrovo, Plovdiv , Shumen and Sliven) and a square in Veliko Tarnowo are named after him.
  • There are monuments in honor of Kirkov in Sofia and Kazanlak.
  • The Bulgarian Post issued special stamps in honor of Kirkov in 1951, 1967 (100th birthday) and 1987 (120th birthday) .
  • The Society for the Dissemination of Scientific Knowledge "Georgi Kirkow" (Дружество за разпространение на научни знания "Георги Кирков") in the VR Bulgaria was named after him.

literature

  • Петър Цанев: Георги Кирков - Майстора . Sofia 1964.
  • Цветанка Андонова, Кръстю Каруцин: Георги Кирков. Био-библиография . Partizdat, Sofia 1975.

Lexicon entries

Web links

personal data
SURNAME Kirkov, Georgi
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Kirkov, Georgi Jordanow
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Bulgarian politician, publicist and trade unionist
DATE OF BIRTH August 15, 1867
PLACE OF BIRTH Pleven
DATE OF DEATH August 25, 1919
Place of death Sofia