Stara Sagora
| Stara Sagora (Стара Загора) | |||
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| Basic data | |||
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| State : |
 Bulgaria
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| Oblast : | Stara Sagora | ||
| Residents : | 136,781 (December 31, 2016) | ||
| Coordinates : | 42 ° 25 ' N , 25 ° 38' E | ||
| Height : | 196 m | ||
| Postal code : | 6000 | ||
| Telephone code : | (+359) 042 | ||
| License plate : | CT | ||
| Administration (status: since 2011) | |||
| Mayor : | Zhivko Todorov | ||
| Ruling party : | GERB | ||
| Website : | www.starazagora.bg | ||
Stara Sagora [ ˈstarɐ zɐˈɡɔrɐ ] ( internationally mostly Stara Zagora , Bulgarian Стара Загора ) is a city in Bulgaria with 136,781 inhabitants (as of December 2016) one of the largest cities in the Upper Thracian Plain . It is the center of the municipality of the same name and the province of Stara Sagora .
Stara Sagora is an important road and railway junction as well as the administrative, industrial, agricultural and cultural center of the area, with a university, opera house, picture gallery and several research institutes. Her nickname is "City of Poets and the Linden ".
history
In ancient times (5th / 4th century BC) there was a Thracian settlement, called Beroe or Beroia , in what is now the city area . At that time copper and tin were mined here; a favorable microclimate made agriculture easier. The Romans expanded the village into the fortress of Augusta Traiana . It was at the intersection of various trade routes. At that time it was mainly Greeks , Romans and Thracians who lived in the city. At that time, the city had baths, sewers and villas.
It was called Vereja from the 6th century and after the Byzantine empress Irinopolis at the end of the 8th century . Later they called the Bulgarians Boruj and Schelesnik , the Turks Eski Hisar (اسكى حصار, 'Old fortress') and Eski Zagra (اسكى زغره), from which the current name of the city is derived. It has had its current name since 1871.
During the Ottoman Empire , the city was famous for its silk , leather and copper processing industries. Many mosques were built, including the great Eski Mosque. The city was burned down several times. During the Stara Sagora uprising in 1875 and the April uprising in 1876, bitter fighting took place near Stara Sagora.
In the course of the Russo-Ottoman War (1877–1878), the foremost Russian troops, led by General Josef Gurko , managed to cross the Balkan Mountains over the smaller, unguarded Chainboas pass and take Stara Sagora on July 22, 1878. This enabled the Russians to set up an important base for further attacks on the south side of the mountains towards Thrace. However, after heavy, bloody fighting, the city was recaptured on July 31 by the Turks under the Turkish general Suleyman Pascha . While the Russian troops were holed up at the Shipka Pass, Suleyman Pasha ordered the city to be set on fire and the remaining Bulgarian population to be murdered.
After the Berlin Congress of 1878, Stara Sagora was again part of the Ottoman Empire and incorporated into the newly constituted autonomous province of Eastern Rumelia . The city was rebuilt and expanded with wide streets arranged at right angles. The city remained Ottoman until September 1885 as the Ottoman province of Eastern Rumelia after a military coup with the Principality of Bulgaria merged .
In the meantime, however, the city has been shaped by the architecture of the real socialist era. Based on the name of the Thracian forerunner settlement, the city has given its name to Beroe Hill , a hill on Livingston Island in Antarctica, since 2005 .
population
Population structure
The last census so far took place in the spring of 2011, which was also the first since Bulgaria joined the European Union. Since it was subject to EU requirements, there was the possibility of not answering questions about ethnic and religious affiliation or about the mother tongue. 126,554 citizens of Stara Sagora answered the question about ethnic affiliation, of whom 117,963 identified themselves as Bulgarians , in 1965 as Turks , 5430 as Roma and 579 stated another ethnic affiliation.
Population development
The changing population figures partly result from the respective territorial status.
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The numbers come from:
- Censuses (¹),
- Estimates (²) or
- official updates of the statistical offices (³).
Sports
The PFC Beroe Stara Zagora plays in the 2012/13 season in the First Bulgarian league. He is Bulgarian champion from 1986 and Bulgarian cup winner from 2010 and 2013. The home games are played in the Beroe Stadium .
Stara Sagora is one of the venues for the 2015 European U-17 Football Championship in Bulgaria .
education
Special structures
In the vicinity of Stara Zagora the Bulgarian radio operated a medium wave transmitter. The transmission system went into operation in 1936 and used an 88 meter high self-radiating Blaw Knox transmission tower as well as two braced steel truss masts of conventional design, insulated from earth, as transmission antenna. Other Blaw Knox transmission towers can only be found in Europe in Wakarel , Bulgaria, Lisnagarvey , Northern Ireland and Lakihegy , Hungary. The transmitter was switched off on April 7, 2013.
sons and daughters of the town
- Ivan Salabaschew (1853–1924), mathematician, politician and diplomat
- Andrei Toschew (1867–1944), politician, diplomat and Prime Minister of Bulgaria
- Wassil Dimow (1878–1941), painter, restorer and art critic
- Bogdan Filow (1883–1945), Prime Minister of Bulgaria
- Nikolai Liliew (1885–1960), poet
- Geo Milew (1895–1925), literary critic and poet
- Petko Stajnow (1896–1977), composer
- Ruscha Deltschewa (1915–2002), actress
- Dimitar Usunov (1922–1985), singer
- Naum Schopow (1930–2012), actor
- Anna Tomowa-Sintow (* 1941), soprano
- Wesselina Kassarowa (* 1965), soprano
- Vesselin Stoykov (* 1973), Bulgarian-German opera singer
- Iliana Ivanova (* 1975), politician
- Antonij (Michalew) (* 1978), Metropolitan for Western and Central Europe of the independent Bulgarian Orthodox Church
- Anelija (* 1982), popfolk singer
- Petya Nedeltschewa (* 1983), badminton player
- Adriana Nikolowa (* 1988), chess player
- Welislawa Dimitrova (* 1993), football player
Place view
Web links
Footnotes
- ^ Statistical Office of the Republic of Bulgaria: Population by ethnicity. (.xls; 758 kB) Census 2011. Archived from the original on May 21, 2013 ; Retrieved August 30, 2012 (Bulgarian).
- ↑ Population figures as of June 15, 2012 (Bulgarian) at the registration office
- ↑ Population of Stara Sagora by year , National Statistics Office, accessed on August 31, 2012
- ↑ Stara Zagora transmitter, Blaw-Knox Tower In: Skyscaperpage, accessed on June 9, 2013
- ↑ Varna and Stara Zagora no longer on medium wave ( memento of the original from June 26, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. In: Radioeins, vom: June 8, 2013, accessed on June 9, 2013
