Nowa Sagora
| Nowa Sagora (Нова Загора) | |||
|
|||
| Basic data | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| State : |
 Bulgaria
|
||
| Oblast : | Sliven | ||
| Residents : | 21,270 (December 31, 2016) | ||
| Coordinates : | 42 ° 29 ' N , 26 ° 1' E | ||
| Height : | 131 m | ||
| Postal code : | 8900 | ||
| Telephone code : | (+359) 0457 | ||
| License plate : | CH | ||
| administration | |||
| Mayor : | Minko Dinew | ||
| Website : | novazagora.com | ||
Nowa Sagora (also Nova Zagora) [ ˈnɔvɐ zɐˈɡɔrɐ ] ( Bulgarian Нова Загора ) is a city in central Bulgaria , in Sliven Oblast , 32 km east of Stara Sagora .
In the German translation, Nowa Sagora means "New Sagora". After Sliven Nova Zagora is the second largest city in the Oblast Sliven .
Nowa Sagora is the administrative center of the municipality of the same name Nowa Sagora, which has 48,000 inhabitants and comprises 33 villages.
geography
The city is located in the northern part of the Upper Thracian Plain . The terrain is relatively flat. The fertile soil ( soil type : Chromic Luvisols) and the wealth of natural water sources favor agriculture in this region.
history
Early history
The first traces of human life in this area date from around the end of the 7th to the beginning of the 6th millennium BC. Chr. They are in the lowest cultural layers of the settlement mound to find Nova Zagora and in the settlement mound Gjundijska (Гюндийска) - in the northeastern part of Novo Zagora, continue in the settlement mound Karanowo (Карановска селищна могила) settlement mound Patschnika (Пачника) - at Korten (Кортен) , Settlement hill Djado-Nenowa (Дядо-Ненова) - near Konjowo (Коньово) and others. There are a total of 26 burial mounds in the Nova Sagora area, making the area the highest density of settlement mounds in Bulgaria.
The archaeological excavations in the settlement mounds Dipisiska (Bulgarian Дипсизка), Karanowska (Bulgarian Карановска), Djadowska (Bulgarian Дядовска, note: probably identical to Djado-Nenowa), Novosagorska (Bulgarian. Trово), essentially identical to Novosagorska (Bulgarian in understanding the cultural development of these ancient settlements.
The names of the archaeological cultures are known: Nowa Sagora, Asenowez (Bulgarian Асеновец), Esero , Karanowo .
For more than 40 years, scientists from the Netherlands, Austria, Japan, Great Britain and Russia have been participating in archaeological research in the Nova Sagora region.
From the period 5-4 Century BC 66 objects from the late Iron Age and 74 objects from the Roman period were found. These are mostly small, unfortified villages, but also 6 fortresses that were built during antiquity, as well as over 500 grave slabs. Marble statues of Zeus , Hera , Apollon , Asklepios and Heracles as well as sacrificial plates of the Thracian Rider provide information on 20 sanctuaries that were found in the area examined. They are located at springs, on mountain peaks or in ancient villages.
The tools and everyday objects found gave an insight into economic activity. Thracian weapons abundantly found - crook knives (a type of sword and widely used weapon of the Thracians), iron tips of lances, bronze helmets.
The imported Greek ceramics, bronze vessels, jewelry and coin treasures found testify to the intense economic activity in the region.
middle Ages
Even during the rule of the Byzantine Empire , the region's economic boom continued, partly thanks to its relative proximity to the capital, Constantinople . In the 5th and 6th centuries AD, fortifications were built to secure access to the capital, Constantinople. Some fortresses were built or renewed - on the slopes of the Svetlijski Heights (Bulgarian Светиилийските възвишения), the small Sredna Gora and the Balkan Mountains . These fortresses appear quite large to today's observer, they are located on inaccessible mountain ridges and strategically important places, surrounded by steep mountain slopes and rivers. Today only ruins are left of them - fortresses at Schrebtschewo (Bulgar. Жребчево), Banja (Bulgar. Баня), Sadijsko Pole (Bulgar. Съдийско поле) and on the summit of Sveti Ilija (Bulgar. Връх Слвети).
Perhaps not in terms of its size, but in terms of its importance, the fortress of Vyaditsa (Bulgarian Вядица; or Vyatnitsa - Bulgarian Вятница) was important. It was mentioned in historical sources and is connected to today's Nowa Sagora in some archaeological publications. However, it is undisputed that this fortress did not stand in the area of today's Nowa Sagora, but probably nearby - on the slopes of the Sredna Gora . Other researchers (N. Kojche, Bulgar. Н. Койчев) consider the remains in the Kara Orman region (Bulgarian Кара орман) - near the villages of Sadiewo (Съдиево) and Kameno (Камено) to be the remains of this fortress.
In the area of the present city, the remains of two medieval settlements and necropolises were discovered, which contained interesting finds: gold-plated bracelets and ear pendants, lead seals with which the correspondence was sealed. One of the seals was from the despot Stefan Kondostefan (note: 986 ??) - the emperor's son-in-law. It is believed that the land in the Nova Sagora region was imperial property - during the Comnenian dynasty in the Byzantine Empire (late 11th / 12th centuries).
In the 13th and 14th centuries, battles between rebellious Boljars who sought independent central power in Tarnowo (the old capital of Bulgaria) took place in the Bulgarian territories , as well as battles between Bulgaria and the Byzantine Empire.
The last long annexation of the Nova Sagora region to the Bulgarian Empire was during the reign of Svetoslaw Theodor of Bulgaria (bulg. Светослав Тертер) (1300-1321) and Ivan Alexander of Bulgaria (bulg. Иван Александър) (1331-1371).
Historical scholars have different ideas about the conquest of this area by the Ottomans. The latest possible date is after the Battle of Tschernomen (Bulgar. Черномен, note: Ormenio in Greece ???; Battle of Tschernomen, Bulgar. Битката при Черномен) September 26, 1371. Further written evidence exists from the 15th century.
Ottoman history
During the time of the Ottoman rule, the inhabitants of the city and the surrounding area took part in the struggle against the foreign masters. Well known are the Heyducks and Heiduckenführer Galab Voivoda (Гълъб войвода), Kara Koljo (Кара Кольо), Dimitar Kalatschlijata (Димитър Калъчлията) Peju Bojuklijata (Пею Буюклията) Gencho Kargow (Генчо Къргов), Mara the Haiduckin (Мара хайдуткиня) and other. In the Nova Sagora region, the heathen Panajot Chitow and Filip Totju (Филип Тотю) fought .
The residents of Nowa Sagora were among the first to join the struggle for church-national independence as early as 1836.
Wassil Levski founded - as he did in many other cities - a revolutionary committee in the city, which teachers, traders and craftsmen joined. The population took part in the April Uprising (1876) with a squad led by Haiduken Stoil (Стоил войвода), who heroically went under.
During the Russo-Turkish War (1877–1878) , which liberated Bulgaria from 500 years of Ottoman rule, the area was at times the focus of warfare. As a result, there were thousands dead, homeless, houses burned down, churches, schools. On January 14, 1878, the Russian troops (First St. Petersburg Regiment under Colonel Wasilij Balk) liberated the burned and almost completely depopulated Nova Sagora.
Others
The city's public holiday is on October 14th each year. The city has a historical museum. The Tschitalischte (a kind of culture house) was created in 1879.
