Georgi Wassiljewitsch Tschitscherin

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Georgi Wassiljewitsch Tschitscherin, 1925

Georgy Chicherin ( Russian Георгий Васильевич Чичерин ., Scientific transliteration Georgy Chicherin Vasil'evič ; born November 12 . Jul / 24. November  1872 greg. In watchtower in Tambov Governorate , † 7. July 1936 in Moscow ) was a Soviet politician. From 1918 to 1930 he was People's Commissar for Foreign Affairs (that is, in fact, Foreign Minister of the Soviet Union).

Life

Tschitscherin was the son of the Legation Councilor Vasily Tschitscherin († 1882) and his German-Baltic wife Karoline Georgine, nee. von Meyendorff (1836-1897). Peter von Meyendorff was his great-uncle. In 1904 Georgi Tschitscherin joined the Russian Social Democrats with the consequence that from 1905 onwards he had to go abroad for 12 years. He lived in Berlin from 1905 to 1907, in Paris from 1907 to 1914 and in London from 1914 to 1917 . He was arrested in London after the Russian Revolution of 1917 and later expelled.

From 1918 to 1930 Chicherin was People's Commissar for Foreign Affairs in the Soviet Union . He pleaded committed to closer relations with the First World War, defeated Germany , which in 1922 after the Genoa Conference for the Treaty of Rapallo led. In this treaty, the Russian Socialist Federal Soviet Republic and the German Reich not only signed mutual recognition, which for the first time brought the Soviet regime in Russia recognition under international law and thus international appreciation. Both states also affirmed their interest in cooperation, and Russia renounced reparations claims against the German Reich.

Tschitscherin (2nd from right, with briefcase) in Rapallo 1922, u. a. with Joseph Wirth (2nd from left) and AA Joffe (far right)

“The journalists left Genoa today and drove 30 hot kilometers to Rapallo to see the Soviet delegation and to interview Grigory Chicherin. Tschitscherin, blond and in new Berlin suits with a large rectangular red badge, looks like a businessman. He speaks with a slight purr because of his gaps between his teeth. He received the flood of reporters in spurts and spoke to each visitor in their own language. Hundreds of photographers tried to get past the guards who were checking their cameras for bombs. "

Tschitscherin worked closely with Ulrich Graf von Brockdorff-Rantzau , who held the post of German ambassador in Moscow from November 1922, until his death in 1928. Tschitscherin, known for his tremendous workload until the late 1920s, was from 1928 increasingly weakened due to illness and was replaced in 1930 by his deputy Maxim Litvinow .

Trivia

The joke word Tschitscheringrün , used especially in East Germany, is wrongly associated with Georgi Tschitscherin and the supposed color of his suit when the Rapallo Treaty was being signed.

literature

Chicherin's tomb in the Novodevichy Cemetery, Moscow

Web links

Commons : Georgy Chicherin  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. See Genealogical Handbook of the Livonian Knighthood Volume 1, Görlitz 1919 Digitalisat , pp. 503-532
predecessor Office successor
Leon Trotsky Soviet Foreign Minister
1922–1930
Maxim Litvinov