Gleinaer Windmühlenberg
Wětrnikowa hórka windmill hill |
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 The former windmill farm on the mountain |
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| height | 168 m above sea level NHN | |
| location | Upper Lusatia ( Saxony ) | |
| Coordinates | 51 ° 14 '23 " N , 14 ° 32' 49" E | |
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The Gleinaer Windmühlenberg , Upper Sorbian Wětrnikowa hórka , is a 168 m high elevation in the east of the Bautzen district in Upper Lusatia . The mountain, half wooded, takes its name from the town of Gleina behind it . The former home of the wind miller is the only house on the top of the mountain. In 1899 the wooden windmill was demolished, as the windmill was no longer worthwhile for economic reasons. A tour, however, offers a view over the long chain of the Lausitzer Bergland , the towers and roofs of Bautzen , the Kamenzer Berge, the Hohe Dubrau near Groß Radisch , the Königshainer Berge , the Strohmberg near Weißenberg and the Löbauer Berg .
Geological
The uppermost layers of the windmill mountain are remnants of a terminal moraine from the Ice Age . So sandy boulder clay, but with underlying older gravel masses of white quartz and black pebble slate . The slates, all of which are rounded, prove that they are deposits of an earlier sea. On the south side of the mountain there are many and large blocks of lawn iron stones . So its rock contains magnetite . Therefore, the lawn iron ore was used in the iron hammers of Kreba , Burghammer and Wartha as an aggregate or in pure smelt. There are numerous multicolored stones of all sizes on the mountain edges, including red porphyry , which was pushed in by Sweden during the Ice Age .
History in connection with the Windmühlenberg
The Russian general Michael Andreas Barclay de Tolly had occupied the Windmühlenberg in the battle of Reichenbach and Markersdorf on May 20 and 21, 1813 and had 24 twelve-pounder cannons erected on it in order to be able to master the oncoming French. 40,000 French were stopped by only 5,000 Russians, while the Russian general managed to leave the already completely riddled windmill house and to retreat to the Preititz - Buchwalde line . Now Marshal Ney occupied the mountain. In the Windmüllerhaus the general received Napoleon's order to push through in the direction of Hochkirch . There the opponent should be surrounded. But in the meantime Blücher's troops had come to the aid of the Russian General Barclay de Tolly. Ney got caught up in battles Napoleon hadn't expected. Thanks to this fate, the Allied army remained intact and was able to defeat Napoleon in the Battle of Leipzig six months later.
Discoveries from prehistoric times
On February 4, 1926, a strange, almost baked clay block containing prehistoric urns was discovered on the Windmühlenberg at a depth of 1.50 meters. These urns had characteristics of the Bohemian barrow culture ( large stone grave ), on the other hand, Upper Lusatian cord ceramics were discovered on them . At the end of the 19th century, 26 coins, mainly from Roman times, were found. To this day we do not know how this treasure got there, but probably through dealers.
Bibliography
- Pierer's Universal Lexikon, 4th edition 1857-1865, Volume 14, Chapter Russian-German War against France 1812-1815, Page 575;
- ibid p. 869
- Our Upper Lusatian Mountains. Domowina-Verlag , Bautzen 1991, ISBN 3-7420-0746-7