Grammontenser Priory Badeix
| Grammontenser Priory Badeix | |
|---|---|
_Badeix_ancien_prieur%C3%A9_(12).JPG) General view of the priory |
|
| location |
 Franceregion Nouvelle-Aquitaine Department Dordogne |
| Lies in the diocese | Limoges |
| Coordinates: | 45 ° 37 '2 " N , 0 ° 39' 35" E |
| founding year | Second half of the 12th century |
| Year of dissolution / annulment |
1776 |
| Mother monastery | Grandmont Abbey ( Haute-Vienne Department ) |
|
Daughter monasteries |
no |
The former Grammontenser priory of Badeix is located on the edge of the hamlet of Badeix , which belongs to the French commune of Saint-Estèphe , about 10 kilometers north of the sub-prefecture of Nontron ( Dordogne , Nouvelle-Aquitaine region ). The remains of the priory have been recognized as a monument historique since June 18, 1938 .
geography
The Grammontenser Priory Badeix, French Prieuré Notre-Dame et Saint-Jean-Porte-Latine de Badeix , Grammontenserbezeichen Bosco Jemmo , is located at around 240 meters above sea level 3 kilometers north of the center of Saint-Estèphe on the western edge of the hamlet of Badeix , in the north of the Dordogne department . It is 2 kilometers to the east-north-east of Piégut-Pluviers . It therefore belongs to the Nontronnais and also forms part of the Périgord-Limousin Regional Nature Park .
The priory can be reached directly from the center of Saint-Estèphe via the D 88. The junction to the right is signposted. Another access is the D 91 from Piégut-Pluviers to Montbron , from which the D 92 branches off on the left after Lacaujammet to Étouars . The D 92 passes not far north of Badeix , which can be reached via Fixard . The priory is nestled in a clearing on the left side of the valley of the Ruisseau des Forges, which flows into the Doue to the south-west .
geology
The priory is underlain by the coarse-grained normal facies of the Piégut-Pluviers-Granodiorite . The granodiorite was used as a building block.
description
_Badeix_ancien_prieur%C3%A9.JPG)
church
The nave, which ends in a semicircular apse , was built in the second half of the 12th century in the Romanesque style . Today it only serves as a barn. A piscina with an armarium can still be seen on the south side of the apse . In the apse there are three large arched windows characteristic of the Order of the Grammontese, but they are now walled up. They have a clear soffit on the inside and are designed on the outside as a double round arch with neatly crafted vaulted stones. The windows are raised and protrude into the ledge of the dome. A continuous archivolt runs over the window arches .
The church building, 18 meters long and 6 meters wide, was shortened in the 17th century, suppressing two of the four yokes . The western gable side was rebuilt and given a rather characterless portal. A round arched window with a rounded granodiorite lintel is located above the portal. At the end of the 19th century the limestone vault collapsed and was then replaced with a simple wooden beam flat ceiling. The hurricane of December 1999 severely affected the building of the church, so the roof was damaged and the curbs that supported the roof structure partially broke out.
East wing
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The chapter house in the adjoining east wing contains two columns with very heavy capitals placed in a north-south direction , which support six zygomatic arches in two rows. The vault ribs meet in a cross-shaped end stone. They end on the two capitals in the center, on unadorned consoles in the masonry and on basket-shaped spurs in the corners. Unfortunately, the hall is now separated by a partition so that the arches in the masonry can hardly be seen. A portal in the west facade of the chapter house opened to the inner courtyard with a cloister, accompanied by an arched window on the right and left.
The former dormitory is located above the chapter room, which is now divided into several living rooms with two new window openings to the east. In one of the rooms an original colorful fresco can still be seen, which is called aux oiseaux (dedicated to the birds). Originally the dormitory had loopholes-like window openings on the west side, but these were walled up.
The very rustic, barrel- vaulted cellar was once the monks' lounge, which was illuminated by two windows on the east side. The cellar had a doorway into the garden, which was locked in the 17th century. The door to the inner courtyard is now covered by the outer staircase.
All other priory buildings have now disappeared. When complete, the priory buildings are likely to have enclosed a small cloister covered with wooden beams. The east wing provided access to the church via the chapter house. In front of him is a porch with the staircase to the first floor. This was moved to the north by a later structural change at the beginning of the 20th century. The interior of the dormitory could also be reached via a double spiral staircase built in the 17th century.
North wing
Except for a large shield arch on the west side of the east wing - its former starting point - nothing remains of the north wing.
history
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The priory was founded in the second half of the 12th century from an unknown donor. The church is dedicated to the Virgin Mary and Saint John . In 1295 the monastery cell was inhabited by four monks. In his reform from 1317, Pope John XXII. the Order of the Grammontese to put the Grandmont Monastery at the head of the other priories. He also reorganized the Grammontens monasteries, which were felt to be too numerous and unprofitable. In this context, the Grammontenser Priory Badeix was merged with the Grammontenser Priory Ravaud in Aussac north of Angoulême . However, Ravaud fell into ruin in the 17th century, so that his monk brothers moved to Badeix, which was in a much better condition.
When the order fell under the law of the coming , there was a decrease in discipline. Although Charles Frémon (1611-1689), the abbot of Grandmont, ordered strict observance of the rules of the order in 1625, this was little taken into account.
In 1716 René-François de La Guérinière, Prior of Badeix, was elected Abbot General of the Order of the Grammontese. Jean-François de Giboust de Chastelux, also Prior of Badeix, died in 1752 in the monastery of Peyrouse near Saint-Saud by being stabbed nine times. The last prior of Badeix from 1766 was the Doctor of Religion Dom Gaspard-Thyrse Mathieu de la Gorce (1724 to 1805), who had joined the Order of the Grammontese in 1745. However, he only stayed temporarily in the priory, which was completely orphaned from 1776 onwards. De la Gorce leased the estate to the farmer François Villariaud in 1777 and the prior-owned mill to Jean Peletingeas in 1785.
On February 24, 1769 was Cella of Badeix per patent Letters to the Roman Catholic Diocese of Limoges assumed.
In 1781 the order was finally dissolved completely at the instigation of the Commission des réguliers and incorporated into the diocese of Limoges.
During the French Revolution , on May 26, 1791, the priory was sold to Guillaume Vallade the Elder as Bien national . The last prior, Dom Gaspard de la Gorce, was arrested in 1792 for failing to swear allegiance. He was only released after the Concordat of 1801 . He died on August 6, 1805 as Curé de Bessines (pastor of Bessines) at the age of 82 in the Limoges hospice.
The priory was then turned into a simple farm. This is now privately owned with three different owners.
Badeix priors
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We know of the following priores from Badeix:
- Abbé Georges Barny
- Étienne Talin or Colin - 1654
- Paul-René de Bannezon - 1688
- René-François de la Guérinière - 1716
- Pierre Millet de la Haye - until 1741
- Jean-François de Giboust de Chastellux - until 1752
- Dom Teytaud - until 1766
- Dom Gaspard-Thyrse Mathieu de la Gorse - until the lease on April 10, 1777
See also
literature
- Gilles Bresson: Monastères de Grandmont, guide d'histoire et de visite . Éditions d'Orbestier, Château-d'Olonne 2000, ISBN 978-2-84238-029-8 , pp. 88-89 .
- A. Grézillier: Vestiges grandmontains . In: Bulletin de la Société historique et archéologique du Limousin . tome 86, 1956, pp. 411-424 .
- Martine Larigauderie-Beijeaud and André Larigauderie: Notre-Dame de Badeix, une celle grandmontaine en danger . In: Bulletin de la Société historique et archéologique du Périgord . tome CXXXVIII, 2011, p. 185-206 .
Individual evidence
- ↑ Évelyne Bermond-Picot and Gérard Leconte: Les Abbayes et Prieurés du Périgord . In: Collection le Patrimoine revit . éditions GLI, 2017, ISBN 978-2-9535284-5-9 , p. 57-59 .