Big Bibernelle

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Big Bibernelle
Great Bibernelle (Pimpinella major) (Herbarium)

Great Bibernelle ( Pimpinella major ) ( Herbarium )

Systematics
Euasterids II
Order : Umbelliferae (Apiales)
Family : Umbelliferae (Apiaceae)
Subfamily : Apioideae
Genre : Bibernelle
Type : Big Bibernelle
Scientific name
Pimpinella major
( L. ) Huds.

The Greater Bibernelle ( Pimpinella major ), also known as the Greater Pimpinelle, is a common umbellifer that is common in Central Europe . It blooms from June to September.

description

Pimpinella major inflorescence

The perennial herbaceous plant reaches a height of about 40 to 100 cm and is a hemicryptophyte . The stalk is furrowed with sharp edges, leaves and mostly bare. The leaves are simply pinnate. The leaflets are ovate or elongated, with short stalks, more or less deeply serrated and usually pointed. As a rule, the pinnate sections are 1.5 to 2 times as long as they are wide. The umbels are 9 to 20-rayed. Bracts and bracts are missing, very rarely they are arm-leaved. The crown is white, more rarely pink and about 1.5 mm long. The stylus is (after the petals have fallen off) approx. 1.5 to 2 mm long and at this time longer than the ovary .

The fruit is egg-shaped and 5-sided in cross-section.

The species has chromosome number 2n = 20.

Red Greater Bibernelle ( Pimpinella major ssp. Rubra )
Red Greater Bibernelle ( Pimpinella major ssp. Rubra ) ( Herbarium )

Variability of the species

The Große Bibernelle is a diverse clan. Of the numerous forms, only the subspecies (sometimes only listed as a variety) should be mentioned:

  • Pimpinella major subsp. rubra (Schleich.) O. Schwarz : It is also known as the Rote Große Bibernelle. This is characterized by a low growth and intense pink colored petals. The stem is usually branched at the base, the branches are short and usually only have an umbel. This subspecies apparently only occurs in the mountains and is only known outside the Alps from the Black Forest , the Swabian Alb and the foothills of the Alps. Its distribution area includes France, Germany, the Czech Republic, Switzerland, Italy, Slovenia, Austria, Poland, Hungary and Slovakia.

It rises in the Allgäu Alps in the Tyrolean part near the Hermann-von-Barth-Hütte up to 2140 m above sea level.

distribution

Location requirements

Pimpinella major grows in fat meadow communities. It prefers fresh, nutrient-rich, humus-rich, loamy soils. She is a character species of the Arrhenatherion association. The subspecies Pimpinella major subsp. rubra is a type of the polygon trisetion lattice.

General distribution

The Greater Bibernelle occurs in Europe from Norway and Sweden to the northern Mediterranean area. It is also found in the Caucasus and naturalized in North America. It is a subatlantic-pre-alpine flora element. The species is common in Austria and Switzerland.

Distribution in Germany

Pimpinella major is common in Germany and often rises up to 1900 m above sea ​​level in the Alps . Only in north-west Germany is it rare or absent in parts.

literature

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c Erich Oberdorfer : Plant-sociological excursion flora for Germany and neighboring areas . 8th edition. Stuttgart, Verlag Eugen Ulmer, 2001. Pages 710-711. ISBN 3-8001-3131-5
  2. ^ R. Hand (2011): Apiaceae. - In: Euro + Med Plantbase - the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity. Data sheet Pimpinella
  3. ↑ Erhard Dörr, Wolfgang Lippert : Flora of the Allgäu and its surroundings. Volume 2, IHW, Eching 2004, ISBN 3-930167-61-1 , p. 272.

Web links

Wiktionary: Große Bibernelle  - explanations of meanings, word origins, synonyms, translations
Commons : Pimpinella major  - album with pictures, videos and audio files