Guria
|
გურია |
|
|---|---|
| Region within Georgia | |
Coat of arms of Georgia |
Flag of Georgia |
 .svg) |
|
| National languages | Georgian |
| ethnicities | according to the 2002 census: Georgians (96.9%) Armenians (1.5%) Russians (1.1%) |
| Religions | according to the 2002 census: Orthodox (88.7%) Muslims (9.6%) |
| Capital | Osurgeti |
| Biggest cities | Osurgeti (18,027) |
| Status within Georgia | region |
| surface | 2,033.2 km 2 |
| Total population | 113,221 (2014) |
| Population density | 55.7 inhabitants / km 2 |
| governor | |
| website | |
Gurien ( Georgian გურია , Guria ; fully გურიის მხარე , Guriis Mchare ) is a region of Georgia . It is located in the western part of the country and borders the Black Sea .
geography
Guria is bordered on the northwest by the region Mingrelia , in the northeast of the region Imereti , on the east by the region Samtskhe-Javakheti and the south by the Autonomous Republic of Adjara . It has an area of 2033 km².
Guria comprises three municipalities (munizipaliteti) , named after their administrative centers Lantschchuti , Osurgeti (also regional capital) and Tschochatauri .
history
Guria is first mentioned by the Georgian name Guria in a Georgian document from the 8th century. Some scientists assume that the name and the region itself can be identified with the Iron Age kingdom Guriana , which is documented in Urartian sources .
Since the establishment of the Kingdom of Georgia from Tao-Klardschetien and Egrisi-Abkhazia at the end of the 10th century, Guria has been part of a unified Georgia. Even during the Mongol period , Guria belonged to western, independent Georgia. After its disintegration in the 15th century, Guria became an independent principality in 1466 under the Gurieli dynasty, vassals of the kings of Imereti . After an attack by the Ottomans in the 16th century, Guria became a Turkish vassal.
The Gurian prince Giorgi III. Gurieli (r. 1664-1684) and Mamia III. Gurieli (r. 1689-1714) managed to become kings of Imereti. During the 18th century, Gurien participated several times in the efforts of Western Georgia to break away from Ottoman rule. As a result, Guria lost all of Adjara and parts of Lower Guria to the Ottoman Empire. These areas were then heavily Islamized.
Prince Mamia V. Gurieli accepted Russian sovereignty on June 19, 1810. After the uprisings from 1819 to 1820, Russian influence increased until Gurien was annexed by the Russian Empire in 1840. Another uprising in 1841 was brutally suppressed.
In 1918 Guria became part of the Democratic Republic of Georgia and from 1921 it belonged to the Soviet Union . Guria has been part of Georgia since 1991, the region was created in 1995.
economy
Agriculture with subtropical plants and tourism are important pillars of the economy. There are also important mineral water springs and extensive tea plantations .
Personalities
- Pawle Ingorokwa (1893–1990), historian and philologist
- Kalistrate , Georgian Orthodox Patriarch
- Gabriel Kikodse , Bishop of Imereti
- Eduard Shevardnadze (1928–2014), President of Georgia 1995–2003
- Noe Schordania (1868–1953), Georgian Prime Minister 1918–1921
- Ekwtime Taqaishvili (1863–1953), historian
- Dito Tsintsadze (* 1957), director
See also
Web links
- Information from the Statistical Office of Georgia (Georgian, English)
Individual evidence
- ↑ Ethnic groups in Georgia according to the 2002 National Census (pdf) ( Memento from August 31, 2006 in the Internet Archive )
- ↑ Religions according to the National Census 2002 (pdf) ( Memento from August 31, 2006 in the Internet Archive )
- ↑ Archived copy ( Memento of the original from May 1, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ К. Ган, "Извѣстiя древнихъ греческихъ и римскихъ писателей о Кавказѣ". Часть II, Тифлис, 1890, p. 56
Coordinates: 41 ° 58 ' N , 42 ° 12' E