Gush Katif
| Gush Katif | |||
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| Basic data | |||
| State : |
 Israel
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| District : | south | ||
| Coordinates : | 31 ° 20 ′ N , 34 ° 18 ′ E | ||
| Residents : | 8,600 (2004) | ||
| Time zone : | UTC + 2 | ||
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Gush Katif ( Hebrew גוש קטיף Block of Harvest) was a block of sixteen Israeli settlements in southern Gaza .
As part of Israel's withdrawal from the Gaza Strip , the settlements were completely cleared in August 2005; the Israeli army began demolishing the houses immediately after the evacuation of the settlements. The cleared areas were handed over to the Palestinians in the following months.
In addition to the Gush Katif, there were other Jewish settlements in the Gaza Strip: three settlements ( Elei Sinai , Dugit and Nisanit ) were on the northern edge of the Gaza Strip directly on the 1949 armistice line , another ( Netzarim ) roughly in the middle of the Gaza Strip, and one somewhat isolated northeast of the Gush Katif was Kfar Darom .
location
The block bordered the Palestinian city of Rafah and the refugee camp Tall as-Sultan to the south, Chan Yunis to the east, and agricultural area to the north. To the west of an unpopulated stretch of beach with dunes that separated Gush Katif from the Mediterranean. The Al Mawasi settlement was a special feature. This Palestinian settlement was located as an exclave within the Jewish settlement bloc. Its residents could only leave their own city at certain times and, according to reports from the human rights organization B'Tselem, lived like prisoners
Like all settlements in the Gaza Strip, the places were administered by the Aza regional administration.
Settlements
The Gush Katif settlement block consisted of the following settlements:
Bedolach
Bnei Atzmon
Bnei Atzmon, Hebrew בני עצמון, was originally founded in 1979 on the Sinai Peninsula in the Jamit regional administration as Atzmona. After the Israeli-Egyptian peace treaty was signed, the settlement was relocated to the Gaza Strip in 1982 and renamed Bnei Atzmon (son of Atzmon). Bnei Atzmon was a moshav of followers of Orthodox Judaism . In the cooperative settlement more than 50 km² of field crops were grown and turkeys were bred. There was also the second largest Israeli nursery for house plants and a factory for the manufacture of cleaning agents. Most recently, Bnei Atzmon was home to around 90 families, consisting of 646 people. The residents of the settlement were evacuated in August 2005 without active or passive resistance.
Gadid
Gadid, Hebrew גדיד, was founded in 1982 by Orthodox French Jews , members of Bnei Akiva . In the moschav , leafy vegetables, tomatoes, flowers and herbs were grown in greenhouses . In addition, since 1999 Gadid has housed an absorption center for new immigrants from France and a spa center for herbal remedies. The resident of Gadid was forcibly evacuated on August 9, 2005 by the Israeli army and the Israeli police. Their houses were destroyed. At last about sixty families lived in Gadid.
Gan Or
Gan Or, Hebrew גן אור, was founded in 1980 as an Orthodox moshav. The name means garden of light. The founders were graduates of the Hesder program and the youth organization Bne Akiwa . In 1983 the moshav was moved to its new location.
Gan Or was officially evacuated by the Israeli army and Israeli police on August 18, 2005. Most of the residents had left the place earlier. Most of the 52 families found temporary accommodation in the Nitzan community settlement.
Ganei valley
Catif
Kerem Atzmona
Kerem Atzmona, Hebrew כרם עצמונה, was founded on Tu biSchwat , the New Year festival of trees in 2001, right next to the settlement of Bnei Atzmon. Kerem Atzmona was an outpost . It was founded on a former vineyard (Hebrew Kerem). It was on a plateau, about 60 meters above sea level. The settlement has not been legally recognized by the Israeli government.
In an assassination attempt by a Palestinian on the night of March 7-8, 2002, five young Israelis were killed and at least 23 were wounded, some seriously. The victims are Tal Kurtzvail from Bnei Brak, Asher Marcus, Ariel Zana and Eran Pikar from Jerusalem, all 18 years old. The name of the fifth death victim is not yet known.
The last 20 families were evacuated on February 17, 2005 by the Israeli army and the Israeli police. The remaining buildings were demolished.
Kfar Jam
Kfar Jam, Hebrew כפר ים, was an outpost founded in 1983. The settlement was built on a former holiday village for officers of the Egyptian army of occupation. The last four Israeli families living here, consisting of ten people, were evacuated on August 18, 2005 after passive resistance.
Morag
Morag, Hebrew מורג, was founded on May 29, 1972 by Nachal . In 1982 the settlement was converted into a civil agricultural settlement. The residents made their living in the moschav with flowers and vegetables grown in greenhouses. Morag were evacuated on August 17, 2005 by the IDF and Israeli police. At the time of the evacuation, about forty families with about 200 people lived there.
Netzer Hazani
Netzer Hazani, Hebrew נצר חזני, was founded on May 29, 1973 by Nachal. In February 1977 the settlement was converted into a moshaw for Orthodox Jews. The settlement was named after Ja'akov-Micha'el Chasani , the then Minister for Welfare and Social Services .
Most of the residents earned their living in agriculture. In the 1970s and 1980s, flowers were mainly grown, and in the 1990s vegetables were increasingly grown in greenhouses.
On November 28, 2001, 45-year-old Etty Fahima from Netzer Hazani was shot dead by Palestinians who attacked the bus and other vehicles while driving her car behind a school bus on the road to the Kissufim crossing .
Netzer Hazani was forcibly evacuated on August 18, 2005 by the IDF and Israeli police. At that time it was home to 84 families of more than 410 people.
Newe Dekalim
Pe'at Sadeh
Pe'at Sadeh, Hebrew פאת שדה, was founded in 1989 by a group of families on an Israeli army base on the southern end of Gush Katif. In 1993 the move took place on a neighboring hill. Mostly Orthodox Jews lived in Pe'at Sadeh.
The name is composed of Pe'a, which denotes the custom in which a corner of a field, vineyard or orchard is not harvested and left to the poor and Sadeh, Hebrew for field.
The last 20 families, consisting of around 117 people, were forcibly evicted from their homes by the army and police in August 2005 as part of the unilateral withdrawal plan. The houses and other structures in the settlement were destroyed.
Rafiach Jam
Rafiach Jam, Hebrew רפיח יםwas founded in 1984. It is located at the southern end of the settlement block, only 200 meters from the Egyptian border and not far from the Palestinian city of Rafah.
The residents of the settlement mainly worked in agriculture. As one of the few non-religious settlements, the children were taken every day by bus to school in the nearby Eshkol regional administration outside the Gaza Strip.
30 families, at least 150 people, recently lived in Rafiach Jam. The resident was forcibly evacuated by the Israeli army and Israeli police in August 2005. Their houses were destroyed. Their houses and other structures were destroyed and the area was abandoned.
Emirate HaJam
Schirat HaJam, Hebrew שירת היםSong of the Sea, was founded in 2001. It was on the Mediterranean coast west of Newe Dekalim .
About 15 families lived in abandoned houses and the barracks of the Egyptian army from the time the Gaza Strip was occupied by Egypt.
On August 18, 2005, Shirat HaJam was peacefully evacuated by the Israeli army and Israeli police.
The residents of the village stayed together and wanted to build an agricultural settlement in Maskijot in the Jordan Valley. Since the expansion of Maskijot, a former military base, was not yet finished, the group moved to the neighboring Chemdat.
Selaw
Selaw, Hebrew שליו was in the southwest corner of the settlement blocks.
The settlement was founded by the paramilitary Nachal in 1980. It is named after the quail bird , which the Israelites ate during the desert migration when they exited Egypt .
The 12 families left their homes on August 21, 2005. The homes were destroyed and the area was abandoned.
Tel Katifa
Tel Katifa, Hebrew תל קטיפאwas founded in May 1992 on the coast of the Mediterranean Sea and was located at the northeast end of the settlement block. Tel Katifa is named after the neighboring archaeological site from the early days of the Canaanites .
North of Tel Katifa was the Palestinian village of Deir el-Balah and a small post of the Israeli army.
The 20 families, a total of 156 people, were evacuated on August 17, 2005 by the Israeli army and the Israeli police. The houses were destroyed and the area was abandoned.
Demographics
| settlement | Bedolach | Bnei Atzmon | Gadid | Gan Or | Ganei valley | Catif | Kerem Atzmona | Kfar Jam | Morag |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1999 | 197 | 475 | 259 | 261 | 277 | 296 | - | 10 | 142 |
| 2004 | 191 | 646 | 324 | 300 | 300 | 394 | 24 | 10 | 221 |
| settlement | Netzer Hasani | Newe Dekalim | Pe'at Sade | Rafiach Jam | Emirate HaJam | Selaw | Tel Katifa | total |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1999 | 301 | 2,230 | 750 | 127 | - | - | - | 5,325 |
| 2004 | 369 | 2,636 | 1,120 | 122 | 40 | 50 | 60 | 6,807 |
Source for the population information
Web links
- katif.net (Hebrew)
- english.katif.net (english)
- gushkatif.net (English, Hebrew)
Individual evidence
- ↑ Report by Btselem (English)
- ↑ Assassination attempt in training camp in the Gaza Strip - 5 young Israelis killed and 23 injured. In: Israelnetz .de. March 8, 2002, accessed July 26, 2019 .
- ↑ Assassination attempt in the Gaza Strip - Israeli killed In: Israelnetz.de , November 28, 2001, accessed on July 30, 2018.
- ↑ fmep.org ( memento of August 26, 2013 in the Internet Archive ), accessed on April 16, 2014