Gustav Herbst (geodesist)

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Heinrich Carl Gustav Herbst (born November 1, 1809 in Ilmenau ; † December 9, 1881 in Weimar ) was a Grand Ducal Weimar geometer , geologist , paleontologist and fossil collector .

Life

Gustav Herbst was a son of the Ilmenau Grand Ducal Chief Forester Gottlieb Herbst and his wife Güntherine, née Erdmann. Up to the age of 14 he attended the private school of the Deacon Schmidt in Ilmenau, then switched to the grammar school in Schleusingen and then studied economics and natural sciences at the University of Jena from 1829 to 1831 . In 1835 he became a regional geometer and in 1840 the Grand Ducal Weimar Chamber Geometer in Weimar. After receiving his doctorate from the University of Jena in 1841to the Dr. phil. he was later appointed surveying director of the newly established Grand Ducal Surveying Directorate in 1848 and in 1858 as a real councilor. In 1866 he received the appointment of lecturing council for surveying in the State Ministry and was also assigned the department for mining matters. In 1874 Gustav Herbst was appointed secret finance councilor.

As head of the Grand Ducal Oberaichamt, he played a key role in the standardization of the measurement and weight system in the Grand Duchy and Thuringia (Weimar units of measurement). In addition, he participated in the geological mapping of the area around Weimar under Bernhard von Cotta , on whose sheet Weimar-Gotha of the geognostic map of Thuringia from 1846 builds his geological map of the area around Weimar from 1847. During his research, Gustav Herbst put together an extensive collection of fossils from the area around Weimar and published articles on Muschelkalk and Keuper as well as on the Young Tertiary of Kranichfeld and on travertine fossils from Weimar. He corresponded, among others, with Alexander von Humboldt , who in a handwritten letter to Gustav Herbst on May 14, 1846 describes his writing “ About the most important moments in the history of our earth's formation and an explanation of telluric magnetism ” as such a treatise “ Which he whole and I read with great pleasure, in that it contained a luminous, generalizing presentation of the most important facts. "

Gustav Herbst was the first to describe the now extinct pine species Pinus spinosa Herbst 1844.

Teeth found by Gustav Herbst in the lignite near Kaltennordheim in 1856 were placed by Hermann von Meyer on Crocodilus plenidens (today Diplocynodon plenidens ( Meyer , 1838)) and their findings confirm that these crocodiles were inhabitants of the swamp forests.

In January 1880 Gustav Herbst gave a lecture on Kant as a natural scientist, philosopher and human being at the Medicinisch-Naturwissenschaftlichen Verein zu Weimar , which was already published in the following year in the series of publications of publicly understood scientific lectures at Habel-Verlag in Berlin.

Gustav Herbst had been a Freemason since 1841 and worked from 1869 to 1873 as the successor to the seminar and civic school director Karl Friedrich Wilhelm Mohnhaupt as master of the chair of the Masonic lodge Anna Amalia zu den Drei Rosen . His successor was the philologist Karl Eduard Putsche in 1873 .

His lodge brother Hermann Böhlau published his work on gold mining near Weida in 1854 .

Heinrich Carl Gustav Herbst had been a member of the Academy of Charitable Sciences in Erfurt since 1858 and was admitted to the German Academy of Natural Scientists Leopoldina in the Mineralogy, Crystallography and Petrology Section on January 22, 1879 ( matriculation no. 2219 ) .

In 1880 Gustav Herbst was awarded the Knight's Cross of the I. Department of the Order of the Falcons .

Gustav Herbst had been married to his wife Wilhelmine, née Blumenröder, a daughter of the then mayor of Ilmenau, since 1839. The Herbst couple had 5 children.

Fonts (selection)

  • Attempt to briefly explain the most important moments in the history of our earth's formation and an explanation of telluric magnetism . In: Allgemeine Anzeiger und Nationalzeitung der Deutschen, 145, Tuesdays June 1, 1841, pp. 1877–1884 ( digitized version )
  • Attempt to briefly explain the most important moments in the history of the formation of our earth and an explanation of telluric magnetism (decision on no. 145, pp. 1877–1884) . In: Allgemeine Anzeiger und Nationalzeitung der Deutschen, 146, Wednesdays June 2, 1841, pp. 1893–1900 ( digitized version )
  • The pine remains in the brown coal of Kranichfeld near Weimar . In: New Yearbook for Mineralogy, Geognosy, Geology and Petrefactology, 1844, Stuttgart 1844, pp. 173–179 ( digitized version )
  • Fossil pine cones from Kranichfeld . In: New Yearbook for Mineralogy, Geognosy, Geology and Petrefactology, 1844, Stuttgart 1844, pp. 567-568 ( digitized version )
  • About a fossil egg . In: New Yearbook for Mineralogy, Geognosy, Geology and Petrefact Research, 1847, Stuttgart 1847, pp. 311–313 ( digitized version )
  • Brown coals with Folliculites kaltennordheimensis , Crocodilus plenidens Myr. and Aceratherium incisivum Kaup . In: New Yearbook for Mineralogy, Geognosy, Geology and Petrefactology, 1857, Stuttgart 1857, pp. 58–59 ( digitized version )
  • Report on an attempt to drill for hard coal near Tambach in the Duchy of Gotha . In: Berg- und Hüttenmännische Zeitung with special consideration of mineralogy and geology, 17, Freiberg 1848, pp. 25–27, pp. 40–44 ( digitized version )
  • Gold mining near Weida in the Grand Duchy of Saxony . Hermann Böhlau, Weimar, 1854 ( digitized version )
  • Kant as a natural scientist, philosopher and man . Collection of commonly understood scientific lectures, 362, Habel, Berlin 1881 ( digitized version )

literature

  • Gitta Günther , Wolfram Huschke , Walter Steiner (eds.): Weimar. Lexicon on city history . Weimar 1998, ISBN 3-7400-0807-5 , p. 196
  • Thon: Nekrolog des venerable Altmstrs. Br Herbst in mourning on April 7, 1882 in the Amalia in Weimar . In: Freemaurer-Zeitung, 36, 21, Saturday, May 20, 1882, p. 165 ( digitized version )
  • Thon: Nekrolog des venerable Altmstrs. Br Herbst in mourning on April 7, 1882 in the Amalia in Weimar . Enough. In: Freemaurer-Zeitung, 36, 22, Saturday, May 27, 1882, pp. 169–175 ( digitized version )
  • Willi Ule : History of the Imperial Leopoldine-Carolinian German Academy of Natural Scientists during the years 1852–1887 . With a look back at the earlier times of its existence. Commissioned by Wilhelm Engelmann in Leipzig, Halle 1889, supplements and additions to Neigebaur's history, p. 210 ( archive.org ).

Web links

personal data
SURNAME Autumn, Gustav
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Herbst, Heinrich Carl Gustav (full name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German geometer, geologist, paleontologist and fossil collector
DATE OF BIRTH November 1, 1809
PLACE OF BIRTH Ilmenau
DATE OF DEATH December 9, 1881
Place of death Weimar