Gustav von Schmoller (diplomat)

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Gustav von Schmoller, 1965

Gustav Bernhard Ludwig von Schmoller (born February 7, 1907 in Deutsch-Wilmersdorf near Berlin; † February 11, 1991 ) was a German official in the German occupation administration of the Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia . After the war he was a diplomat and ambassador of the Federal Republic in Stockholm .

family

Von Schmoller came from a Lower Franconian family from Neustadt an der Saale and was the son of the royal Prussian major Ludwig von Schmoller (1872–1951) and Paula Breymann (1883–1956). His grandfather was the economist Gustav von Schmoller , who was raised to the Prussian nobility in 1908 . Schmoller married on July 6, 1935 in Rommelsbach Elfriede Schüle (* 1909), daughter of pastor Hugo Schüle and Frieda Klein. Son Georg (* 1936) and daughter Margarete (* 1938) are from the marriage.

Life

Von Schmoller studied law and passed the first state examination in 1930 and the second in 1935. In 1941 he received his doctorate from Carl Schmitt as Dr. jur. During the Third Reich , von Schmoller worked from 1935 to 1939 as a consultant in the Reich Ministry of Economics and then in the Reich Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia in Prague . Nothing is known about its denazification .

In 1947 he headed a department for constitutional and occupation issues , called Department 4, in the State Chancellery of the State of Württemberg-Hohenzollern , the occupation-related part of the department has been operating as the “Institute for Occupation Issues” in Tübingen since 1950, with the establishment of the West German state in 1949 now Questions relating to the past from 1945 to 1949 formed the focus, as well as the formal transition from the occupation law of these years to the new law of the FRG. Von Schmoller headed the institute until 1952.

In 1948 von Schmoller was a participant in the Constitutional Convention on Herrenchiemsee , which was supposed to " work out a draft constitution that the Parliamentary Council can use as a basis ". The work of the Convention thus formed the basis for the Basic Law . Schmoller had participated as an employee of the authorized representative for the state of Württemberg-Hohenzollern Carlo Schmid .

In 1952 he switched to the Foreign Service and worked as a lecturer in the Legation Council. From 1956 to 1960 he was Counselor First Class in Athens and then until 1962 in the headquarters of the Political Department West. From 1962 to 1964 he was Consul General in Istanbul and from 1964 to 1968 Ambassador to Stockholm. Schmoller left his office voluntarily and involuntarily when he was attacked by the Swedish public because of his work in Prague as an employee of the Reich Protector Reinhard Heydrich . He also came under fire for his 1941 dissertation , in which he granted great powers the right to occupy small, neutral countries.

Honors

Fonts

  • Neutrality in the current structural change in international law. Dissertation, Faculty of Law and Political Science, Berlin, 1944, DNB 571522092 .
  • Commercial law in Bohemia and Moravia: an introduction to legal bases and methods of economic management in the field of commercial economy. Rohrer, Brno / Munich / Vienna 1945.
  • Manual of Occupation Law. Mohr Siebeck, Tübingen 1950–1955.
  • The German retaliatory measures after the Czech student demonstrations in Prague in October and November 1939. In: Bohemia . Volume 20, 1979, pp. 156-174 (digitized version ) .
  • Heydrich in the Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia. In: Vierteljahrshefte für Zeitgeschichte . Volume 27, 1979, pp. 626-645 (digitized version ) .
  • Neurath in Prague 1939 to 1941. Comments on a biography. In: Bohemia . Volume 23, 1982, pp. 404-410 (digitized version ) .
  • The Institute for Occupation Issues in Tübingen , 1980, in: Bundesarchiv 120/227.

literature

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Gustav von Schmoller: The neutrality in the current structural change of international law . Berlin 1944.
  2. ^ According to Roth, the institute was founded in 1949: Markus Roth: Herrenmenschen. The German District Chiefs in Occupied Poland - Career Paths, Rule Practice and Post-History. Wallstein, Göttingen 2009 ISBN 978-3-8353-0477-2 , p. 420. Archives of the institute are in the Sigmaringen State Archives , as far as country-specific, and for the most part in the Federal Archives. The name of the "Institute for Occupation Issues" is also used by the local University of Tübingen , in whose name there is even a doctorate. The real relationship between the two institutes has not yet been scientifically published. Der Spiegel reported: “Among the 'right' recipients of industrial donations, Emmendörfer counts the Tübingen Institute for Occupation Issues, whose support is a matter of the heart to him. The Institute for Occupation Issues is diligently trying to critically examine the allegations of the prosecution in the Nuremberg trials of the first post-war years. Donation policeman Emmendörfer files all the papers on this complex of questions in files with the inscription: 'DR' (German Rehabilitation). Emmendörfer thinks: 'When we sit down with the people in the Montan-Union , we have to have a clean slate after all.' ”( The mild gifts . In: Der Spiegel . No. 2 , 1958, p. 22 ( Online - Jan. 8, 1958 ). )
  3. ↑ Fig
  4. ↑ Ulrich Keitel: The Foreign Office in Twilight or How Much Surface Does the Foreign Office offer? Contribution from August 17, 1968 as a comment in the Hessischer Rundfunk.
personal data
SURNAME Schmoller, Gustav von
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Schmoller, Gustav Bernhard Ludwig von (full name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German diplomat and ambassador
DATE OF BIRTH February 7, 1907
PLACE OF BIRTH German Wilmersdorf
DATE OF DEATH February 11, 1991