Hans Meyer (medic, 1877)

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Hans Meyer (born July 30, 1877 in Bremen , † April 11, 1964 in Marburg ) was a German doctor and radiologist .

Life

Hans Meyer, a descendant of a family who immigrated from the Margraviate of Brandenburg-Bayreuth , was born on July 30, 1877 in Bremen as the son of the businessman Engelbert Meyer (1849–1899) and Klatt (1849–1933) born Berta. After completing a medical degree in Marburg and completing his doctorate , Hans Meyer was employed as an assistant doctor at the dermatological clinic in Kiel in 1904 , to which the then director, Ernst von Düring, had attached an institute for light therapy. After further years of assistantship at the Physiological-Chemical Institute of the University of Strasbourg from 1906 to 1908 and the Medical University Clinic Basel in 1908, Meyer's work focus developed at the Dermatological Department of the Hôpital St. Louis in Paris and the X-ray therapy department of the Dermatological University Clinic in Bern from 1909 to 1910 , namely the relatively new field of radiation therapy , which he finally turned to in 1910 when he returned to the Dermatology Clinic in Kiel.

After his habilitation in Kiel in 1911 , Hans Meyer was appointed Germany's first private lecturer in the subject of "X-ray studies and light therapy" before he was appointed professor in 1916. In 1913 he was entrusted with the management of the light institute of the dermatological clinic, which he expanded into an independent "Institute for Radiation Treatment" by 1914 . In 1912 Meyer founded the magazine "Strahlentherapie" together with Carl Joseph Gauß and Richard Werner , which gained international importance under its more than 50-year editorship.

After returning from the First World War , Hans Meyer was made head of the radiation department of the state hospitals in Bremen in 1920. Between 1925 and 1929 he edited a five-volume "Textbook on Radiation Therapy" . In 1942, Hans Meyer was retired and then moved to Marburg. Most recently, he worked as an honorary professor at the University of Marburg from 1946 , and from 1945 to 1950 he was acting head of the radiation clinic there.

Hans Meyer received high honors. He received the Antoine Béclère Medal, the Albers Schönberg Medal, the Goethe Medal for Art and Science , the Roentgen Medal, the Karl Herxheimer Badge, the Carl Weigert and Paul Ehrlich Badge and, in 1952, the Great Federal Cross of Merit . He has been accepted as a member and honorary member in numerous scientific societies. In 1928 and 1933 he chaired the German Radiological Society . The universities of Gießen and Kiel recognized Hans Meyer with the award of honorary doctorates in medicine and natural sciences.

Hans Meyer married Rosemarie, born Nölke, in Bremen in 1936. He died on April 11, 1964 at the age of 87 in Marburg.

In Marburg he became a member of the Alemannia fraternity in 1896 .

Act

Meyer's areas of work focused on experimental radiation biology and radiation dosimetry in relation to therapeutic application. Although the focus was on the examination of the X-rays used in therapy since 1896, his interest continued to be in light treatment, which found expression in the founding of the "German Society for Light Research" in 1927, among other things .

Hans Meyer's endeavor was to use X-ray irradiation in a targeted and correctly dosed manner , especially in dermatology and gynecology , which had previously been carried out to the detriment of both patient and doctor on an inadequate empirical basis. In connection with this he examined the. Effect of X-rays on germinating plants and, in animal experiments, on various enzymes and protein and lipid metabolism. In doing so, Hans Meyer recognized differences in the depth effects of different radiation qualities. Using the “lethal mouse dose” as a reference variable, he tried to develop a system of measurement for the dose of X-rays that was comparable to pharmacology and based on biological effects.

He also tried to introduce a dosimetry based on biological effectiveness in light therapy . He changed the method of R. Sabourad and N. Noiré for measuring the "X-ray epilation dose " to an easy-to-use and widespread method in the dosimetry of X-ray radiation. For targeted deep irradiation of malignant uterine tumors, he perfected the “cross fire irradiation ” for movement irradiation with the pendulum tube.

Statistical findings made him a firm advocate of postoperative radiation for breast and uterine cancer at an early stage . In his Marburg years he wrote a number of articles on the history of his subject, its pioneers and victims. His commitment was the centralization of radiation science in research, teaching and therapy as a specialty at the university's own institutes.

Works (selection)

  • The biological foundations of X-ray therapy, 1911
  • Fundamentals of the X-ray therapeutic methodology for dermatological practice, In: Textbook of Skin and Venereal Diseases, edited by Erhard Riecke, 1908, 3rd edition 1914, pp. 526–553; 7th edition Jena 1923, pp. 543-571
  • Basics of radiation therapy in dermatology, ibid., 8th edition, 1931, pages 604–652
  • A method for measuring X-rays in therapy, In: Münchener Medical Wochenschrift 58, 1911, pages 188-192
  • The effect of X-rays on the chemistry of the cell, In: Advances in the field of X-rays 17, 1911, page 33-42, with Friedrich Bering
  • X-rays and Metabolism, ibid. 32, 1924, pp. 104-112
  • Experimental studies on biological radiation effects, In: Radiation Therapy 1, 1912, pages 172-82, with Hans Ritter
  • Experimental studies to determine a biological normal measure for the X-ray effect, ibid, pages 183-188, with Hans Ritter
  • Methods for measuring the effectiveness of violet and ultraviolet radiation sources, ibid, pages 189-207, with Friedrich Bering
  • The basics of the methodology of X-ray therapy in gynecology, ibid, pages 381–401
  • Experimental studies on the effects of light, ibid, pages 411–437, with Friedrich Bering
  • Postoperative X-Ray Therapy of Cancers, ibid. 13, 1922, pages 278–284
  • On the current status of radiation therapy for breast cancer, ibid. 87, 1952, pages 35-40
  • The problem of the "crossfire effect" in gynecological X-ray therapy, In: Zentralblatt für Gynäkologie 37, 1913

literature

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Willy Nolte : Fraternity members regular role. Berlin 1934, p. 326.
personal data
SURNAME Meyer, Hans
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German doctor and radiologist
DATE OF BIRTH July 30, 1877
PLACE OF BIRTH Bremen
DATE OF DEATH April 11, 1964
Place of death Marburg