Haplogroup H (Y-DNA)

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Haplogroup of the Y chromosome
Surname H
Possible time of origin 25,000–45,000 years ago
Possible place of origin South asia
predecessor unknown; Haplogroup F (?)
Mutations M69
carrier Roma , Indians , Khmer and Pakistanis
Haplogroup H (Y-DNA) distribution.

In human genetics, haplogroup H is a haplogroup of the Y chromosome . This haplogroup is found in large numbers in India and Sri Lanka . It is very rare outside of the Indian subcontinent. However, haplogroup H is the main group of the Roma , mainly in the subgroup H-M82, and occurs to ~ 16.5% in the Khmer Cambodia .

Subgroups

This phylogenetic tree of the subgroups is based on the YCC 2008 tree and on other published research results.

  • H-M3035
    • H-M69 (M69, M370)
      • H-M52 (M52)
        • H-M82 (M82)
          • H-M36 (M36, M197)
          • H-M97 (M97)
          • H-M39 (M39, M138)
      • H-APT (APT)
        • H-P80 (P80, P314)
        • H-P266 (P266)
      • H-P254 (P254)
    • H-M282 (P96) (Formerly known as haplogroup F3, now as H2)

See also

swell

  • Alicia M. Cadenas, Lev A. Zhivotovsky, Luca L. Cavalli-Sforza, Peter A. Underhill, and Rene J. Herrera: "Y-chromosome diversity characterizes the Gulf of Oman," European Journal of Human Genetics , 2007.
  • R. Cordaux et al .: "Independent Origins of Indian Caste and Tribal Paternal Lineages." Current Biology , 2004, vol. 14, p. 231-235
  • M. Regueiro et al. : "Iran: Tricontinental Nexus for Y-Chromosome Driven Migration," Human Heredity , 2006, vol. 61, pp. 132-43.
  • S. Sengupta et al .: "Polarity and Temporality of High-Resolution Y-Chromosome Distributions in India Identify Both Indigenous and Exogenous Expansions and Reveal Minor Genetic Influence of Central Asian Pastoralists." American Journal of Human Genetics , 2006, p. 202-221
  • I. Thamseem et al .: "Genetic affinities among the lower castes and tribal groups of India: Inference from Y chromosome and mitochondrial DNA." BMC Genetics , 2006, http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2156/7/42
  • Sadaf Firasat, Shagufta Khaliq, Aisha Mohyuddin, Myrto Papaioannou, Chris Tyler-Smith, Peter A Underhill and Qasim Ayub: "Y-chromosomal evidence for a limited Greek contribution to the Pathan population of Pakistan." European Journal of Human Genetics (2007) Vol. 15, p. 121-126. http://www.nature.com/ejhg/journal/v15/n1/full/5201726a.html
  • R. Spencer Wells, Nadira Yuldasheva, Ruslan Ruzibakiev, Peter A. Underhill, Irina Evseeva, Jason Blue-Smith, Li Jin, Bing Su, Ramasamy Pitchappan, Sadagopal Shanmugalakshmi, Karuppiah Balakrishnan, Mark Read, Nathaniel M. Pearson, Tatiana Zerjal, Matthew T. Webster, Irakli Zholoshvili, Elena Jamarjashvili, Spartak Gambarov, Behrouz Nikbin, Ashur Dostiev, Ogonazar Aknazarov, Pierre Zalloua, Igor Tsoy, Mikhail Kitaev, Mirsaid Mirrakhimov, Ashir Chariev, and Walter F. Bodmer: "The Eurasian Heartland: A continental perspective on Y-chromosome diversity. " Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences v.98 (18); Aug 28, 2001

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Magoon GR, Banks RH, Rottensteiner C, Schrack BE, Tilroe VO, Robb T, Grierson AJ (2013). "Generation of high-resolution a priori Y-chromosome phylogenies using next-generation sequencing data".
  2. ↑ S. Sengupta, LA Zhivotovsky, R. King, SQ Mehdi, CA Edmonds, CE Chow, AA Lin, M. Mitra, SK Sil, A. Ramesh, MV Usha Rani, CM Thakur, LL Cavalli-Sforza, PP Majumder, PA Underhill: Polarity and temporality of high-resolution y-chromosome distributions in India identify both indigenous and exogenous expansions and reveal minor genetic influence of Central Asian pastoralists. In: American Journal of Human Genetics . Volume 78, number 2, February 2006, pp. 202-221, doi : 10.1086 / 499411 , PMID 16400607 , PMC 1380230 (free full text).
  3. ↑ Karafet TM, Mendez FL, Meilerman MB, Underhill PA, Zegura SL, Hammer MF: New binary polymorphisms reshape and increase resolution of the human Y chromosomal haplogroup tree . In: Genome Research . 18, No. 5, 2008, pp. 830-8. doi : 10.1101 / gr.7172008 . PMID 18385274 . PMC 2336805 (free full text).
  4. ↑ van Oven M, Van Geystelen A, Kayser M, et al. : Seeing the Wood for the Trees: A Minimal Reference Phylogeny for the Human Y Chromosome. . In: Hum. Mutat. . 2013. doi : 10.1002 / humu.22468 . PMID 24166809 .
Evolution tree haplogroups Y-chromosomal DNA (Y-DNA)
Adam of the Y chromosome
A00 A0'1'2'3'4
A0 A1'2'3'4
A1 A2'3'4
A2'3 A4 = BCDEF
A2 A3 B. CT 
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DE CF
D. E. C. F.
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G IJK H  
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G1 G2  IJ K 
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I. J L. K (xLT) T
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I1 I2 J1 J2 M. NO P S.
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N O Q R.
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R1 R2
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R1a R1b