Haplogroup O (Y-DNA)

Haplogroup of the Y chromosome
Surname	O
Possible time of origin	28,000 to 41,000 years ago (Scheinfeldt 2006)
Possible place of origin	Southeast Asia or East Asia
predecessor	NO
successor	O-MSY2.2, O-M268, O-M122
Mutations	M175, P186, P191, P196

Haplogroup O is a haplogroup of the Y chromosome in human genetics . This haplogroup is shared by 80 to 90% of all men in East Asia and Southeast Asia . In this region it occurs almost exclusively alone. The mutation M175 is almost non-existent in western Siberia and western Asia . It is also absent in Europe , Africa and America . Nevertheless, haplogroup O occurs in significant density in the populations of South Asia , Central Asia and Oceania .

Subgroups

The subgroups of haplogroup O with their decisive mutation, according to the 2008 ISOGG family tree:

• O (M175)
  • O*
  • Haplogroup O1 (MSY2.2)
    • O1 *
    • O1a (M119) Typical of Austronesians , southern Han Chinese , and Tai Kadai languages
      • O1a *
      • O1a1 (P203)
        • O1a1 *
        • O1a1a (M101)
      • O1a2 (M50, M103, M110)
  • Haplogroup O2 (P31, M268)
    • O2 *
    • Haplogroup O2a (M95) Typical for Austro-Asian languages peoples, Tai-Kadai languages , Malayans and Indonesians , with a medium distribution outside of South Asia , Southeast Asia , East Asia and Central Asia
      • O2a *
      • O2a1 (M88, M111) was found in high numbers in Hani , She , Tai , Cambodians and Vietnamese , with a medium distribution in Qiang , Yi , Hlai, Miao , Yao , indigenous peoples of Taiwan and Han Chinese in Sichuan , Guangxi , and Guangdong
        • O2a1 *
        • O2a1a (PK4) was found in low concentrations in Pashtuns .
      • O2a2 (M297)
    • Haplogroup O2b (M176 / SRY465, P49, 022454)
      • O2b * Typical for Koreans , with a medium distribution among Ryukyuken, Japanese , Indonesians , Vietnamese , Thais , Manchus, Evenks and Micronesians
      • O2b1 (47z) Typical of the Japanese and Ryukyuken, with a medium distribution among Indonesians , Thai , Koreans and Vietnamese
  • Haplogroup O3 (M122) Typical of populations in East Asia , Southeast Asia and the cultural Austronesian regions of Oceania , with a medium distribution in Central Asia
    • O3 *
    • O3a (M324, P93, P197, P198, P199, P200)
      • O3a *
      • O3a1 (DYS257 / P27.2, M121)
      • O3a2 (M164)
      • O3a3 (P201 / 021354)
        • O3a3 *
        • O3a3a (M159)
        • O3a3b (M7) Typical of Hmong-Mien languages, with a medium distribution among Han Chinese , Bouyei) , Qiang and Oroqen
          • O3a3b *
          • O3a3b1 (M113, M188, M209)
            • O3a3b1 *
            • O3a3b1a (N4)
            • O3a3b1b (N5)
          • O3a3b2 (P164)
        • O3a3c (M134) Typical of Sino-Tibetan languages , with a medium distribution outside of East Asia and Southeast Asia
          • O3a3c *
          • O3a3c1 (M117, M133)
            • O3a3c1 *
            • O3a3c1a (M162)
          • O3a3c2 (P101)
      • O3a4 (002611)
        • O3a4 *
        • O3a4a (P103)
      • O3a5 (M300)
      • O3a6 (M333)

See also

• Spread of man
• Adam of the Y chromosome

swell

1. ↑ Y-chromosomal evidence for a limited Greek contribution to the Pathan population of Pakistan , Sadaf Firasat, Shagufta Khaliq, Aisha Mohyuddin, Myrto Papaioannou, Chris Tyler-Smith, Peter A Underhill and Qasim Ayub, European Journal of Human Genetics (2007) 15 , 121-126
2. ↑ Y-chromosomal evidence for a limited Greek contribution to the Pathan population of Pakistan , Sadaf Firasat, Shagufta Khaliq, Aisha Mohyuddin, Myrto Papaioannou, Chris Tyler-Smith, Peter A Underhill and Qasim Ayub, European Journal of Human Genetics (2007) 15 , 121-126
3. ↑ Yali Xue, Tatiana Zerjal, Weidong Bao, Suling Zhu, Qunfang Shu, Jiujin Xu, Ruofu Du, Songbin Fu, Pu Li, Matthew E. Hurles, Huanming Yang, and Chris Tyler-Smith, "Male Demography in East Asia: A North – South Contrast in Human Population Expansion Times, “ Genetics 2006 April; 172 (4): 2431-2439.

Web pages

• Migration patterns of early humans and the full size map
• Spread of Haplogroup O , from The Genographic Project , National Geographic
• China DNA at Family Tree DNA
• Haplogroup O (Y-DNA) interest group on Facebook

Evolution tree haplogroups Y-chromosomal DNA (Y-DNA)
	Adam of the Y chromosome
		A00		A0'1'2'3'4
			A0	A1'2'3'4
				A1	A2'3'4
					A2'3	A4 = BCDEF
				A2	A3		B.		CT
												|
							DE				CF
				D.		E.				C.		F.
								|
									G								IJK		H
									|									|
							G1	G2								IJ	K
																|						|
													I.		J						L.			K (xLT)		T
													|				|							|
											I1			I2			J1		J2				M.	NO		P		S.
																								|			|
													|														|
											N		O													Q	R.
																												|
																										R1		R2
																										|
																								R1a			R1b