Korean

Koreans in the Joseon Dynasty

The Koreans ( Hangul : 한민족; Hanja : 韓 民族 ; RR : Hanminjok in South Korea; alternatively Chosŏn'gŭl: 조선 민족; Hancha: 朝鮮 民族 ; RR: Joseonminjok in North Korea, literally: "Korean people") are a people in East and Northeast Asia . Most Koreans live in South and North Korea and parts of Manchuria and speak the Korean language . There are around 83 million Koreans worldwide.

There were over 7.4 million overseas Koreans in 2013, and between 150,000 and 200,000 adopted children of Korean descent live in about 14 states outside Korea. In South Korea they are now legally referred to as “compatriots abroad” ( 재외 동포 ).

The Koreans on the territory of the former Soviet Union refer to themselves as Koryŏsaram 고려 사람 , in Korea they are called Koryoin 고려인.

origin

Koreans are the descendants of the original Koreans, historically considered the Siberian people, who fully populated the Korean Peninsula from Siberia and Manchuria during the Bronze Age . Little by little they absorbed influences from other peoples, mainly from early Chinese .

Koreans are one of the most homogeneous and endogamous peoples of mankind. On the one hand they are genetically related to Northeast Asians and are closely related to the Japanese , the Manchu , the North Chinese , the Ultschen , the Niwchen and some other Siberian peoples as well as native Americans , on the other hand they are also close to peoples in the south China related. According to another study, a large proportion of Koreans, but also of the Japanese, can trace their ancestors back to a Vietnamese or Taiwanese population group in southern China (around 79%).

language

Main article: Korean language

Koreans speak the Korean language . The origin of Korean is disputed. Most linguists assume that Korean is an isolated language group and not related to any other language. Still, there are some theories about kinship:

Some linguists count the Korean language among the controversial Altaic languages . Other linguists suggest that Korean is related to the language of the Niwchen , an Amur language in Siberia and on the island of Sakhalin . Another influential theory is that Korean is related to the Japanese language .

Culture

Main article: Korean culture

Korean culture has evolved over the long history of Korea and differs in many ways from Japanese and Chinese cultures . Due to the division of the country and the different state ideologies, the culture in North and South Korea is developing very differently today. While the culture there is still quite traditional due to the isolation of North Korea, the western influence is clearly noticeable in South Korea. In areas such as pop music, film and television there is a lot of exchange and a lot in common with Japan. Nevertheless, the mainly Confucian basis of traditional culture is also clearly recognizable in the south.

Distribution of the Korean people

It is estimated that ethnic Koreans are distributed as follows around the world:

Country	number
South Korea	50 million
North Korea	25 million
China	2.5+ million
United States	2.2 million
Japan	850,000+
Canada	220,000
Uzbekistan	180,000
Russia	165,000
Australia	150,000
Vietnam	110,000
Kazakhstan	110,000
Philippines	90,000
Brazil	50,000
Indonesia	40,000
Great Britain	40,000
Germany	40,000
New Zealand	30,000
Argentina	20,000
Thailand	20,000
Kyrgyzstan	20,000
France	15,000

See also

Wiktionary: Koreans  - explanations of meanings, word origins, synonyms, translations

• Adoptions from Korea
• Koreans in Germany

Individual evidence

1. ↑ 국가 지표 체계. Retrieved August 29, 2018 (Korean). 
2. ↑ Nelson, Sarah M. The Archeology of Korea .
3. ↑ 한민족 . ( naver.com [accessed August 29, 2018]).
4. ^ Ahn, Sung-Mo (June 2010). "The Emergence of Rice Agriculture in Korea: Archaeobotanical Perspectives". Archaeological and Anthropological Sciences . 2 (2): 89-98. doi: 10.1007 / s12520-010-0029-9 . ISSN 1866-9557.
5. ^ Vovin, Alexander. 2008. "高句麗 에서 耽 羅 까지 ᅳ 韓国祖 語 를 말한 騎馬 人 들 과 함께 南 쪽 을 향하여 향하여 내려 내려 오면서 ᅳ" ("From Koguryo to Tamna: Slowly Riding South with the Speakers of Proto-Korean"). Lecture at the Seoul National University on May 15, 2008. Travel fully funded by the Seoul National University.
6. ↑ Reference Populations - Geno 2.0 Next Generation. (2017). The Genographic Project. Retrieved May 15, 2017.
7. ↑ Soon Hee Kim, Myun Soo Han, Wook Kim, Won Kim: Y chromosome homogeneity in the Korean population . In: International Journal of Legal Medicine . tape 124 , no. 6 , August 17, 2010, ISSN  0937-9827 , p. 653-657 , doi : 10.1007 / s00414-010-0501-1 .
8. ↑ Cavalli-Sforza, LL, Menozzi, P. & Piazza, A. (1994). The History and Geography of Human Genes. New Jersey: Princeton University Press.
9. ↑ Choi, Eun-kyung. (2017). Pinning down Korean-ness through DNA. Korea JoongAng Daily. Retrieved May 14, 2017.
10. ↑ Korean Culture and Information Service (KOCIS): Researchers discover Korean genetic roots in 7,700-year-old skull: Korea.net: The official website of the Republic of Korea. Accessed August 29, 2018 . 
11. ↑ Korea Bizwire: Genome Research Finds Roots of Korean Ancestry in Vietnam. In: Be Korea-savvy. Retrieved September 26, 2019 (American English). 
12. ↑ Young Jin Kim, H. Jin: Dissecting the genetic structure of Korean population using genome-wide SNP arrays . In: Genes & Genomics . tape 35 , June 1, 2013, doi : 10.1007 / s13258-013-0082-8 ( researchgate.net [accessed September 26, 2019]).
13. ↑ Languages ​​and history: Japanese, Korean, and Altaic / Roy Andrew Miller. - National Library. Retrieved August 29, 2018 . 
14. ^ Altaic etymology: Query result. Retrieved August 29, 2018 . 
15. ↑ Janhunen, Juha (2005). "The Lost Languages ​​of Koguryo". Journal of Inner and East Asian Studies . 2-2 : 65-86.
16. ↑ Kang, Gil-un (1990).고대사 의 비교 언어 학적 연구. 새문사.
17. ^ Francis-Ratte, Alexander Takenobu: Proto-Korean-Japanese: A New Reconstruction of the Common Origin of the Japanese and Korean Languages . 2016 ( ohiolink.edu [accessed August 29, 2018]).
18. ↑ Korean Ministry of Foreign Affairs ( Memento of the original from August 11, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. 
19. ↑ Overseas Koreans (statistics) ( Memento from September 27, 2007 in the Internet Archive )
20. ↑ Current Qualifications of Residence for Overseas Koreans (2005) ( Memento from September 27, 2007 in the Internet Archive )
21. ↑ Number of Countries Where Overseas Koreans Reside (2005) ( Memento from September 27, 2007 in the Internet Archive )