Salar
The Salar , in German Salaren ( Chinese 撒拉族 , Pinyin Sālāzú ), are a Turkic people and one of the 56 officially recognized nationalities of the People's Republic of China . The Salar are considered descendants of the Oghuz tribe of Salur and are mostly Sunni Muslims. According to the last census in 2010, they counted 130,633 people. They live mainly in Qinghai (there in Xunhua Autonomous County the Salar and in the Hualong Autonomous County the Hui ), in Gansu (in the Jishishan Autonomous County the Bonan , Dongxiang and Salar) and in the Kazakh Autonomous District Ili in Xinjiang .
language
The Salar speak the Salar language, one of the forty or so Turkic languages . Salarian is divided into two dialects , one in Qinghai and one in Ili. Their differences are primarily based on contact with different neighboring languages - Chinese and Tibetan on the one hand, Uighur and Kazakh on the other. The language is considered endangered; already now only about thirty percent of the Salar speak their original language.
Distribution of the salar at provincial level according to the data of the 2010 census (reference date November 1, 2010)
area | number | proportion of |
---|---|---|
People's Republic of China | 130,633 | 100.00% |
Qinghai | 107.089 | 81.98% |
Gansu | 13,517 | 10.35% |
Xinjiang | 3,728 | 2.85% |
Shanghai | 941 | 0.72% |
Guangdong | 823 | 0.63% |
Beijing | 644 | 0.49% |
Shandong | 609 | 0.47% |
Zhejiang | 424 | 0.32% |
Jiangsu | 353 | 0.27% |
Henan | 279 | 0.21% |
Yunnan | 265 | 0.20% |
Tibet | 255 | 0.20% |
Sichuan | 223 | 0.17% |
Shaanxi | 156 | 0.12% |
Hubei | 135 | 0.10% |
Hebei | 131 | 0.10% |
Guangxi | 128 | 0.098% |
Tianjin | 122 | 0.093% |
Guizhou | 99 | 0.076% |
Liaoning | 88 | 0.067% |
Fujian | 80 | 0.061% |
Hunan | 79 | 0.060% |
Anhui | 78 | 0.060% |
Ningxia | 72 | 0.055% |
Chongqing | 71 | 0.054% |
Inner Mongolia | 53 | 0.041% |
Jilin | 50 | 0.038% |
Jiangxi | 44 | 0.034% |
Shanxi | 43 | 0.033% |
VBA | 26th | 0.020% |
Hainan | 21st | 0.016% |
Heilongjiang | 7th | 0.005% |
See also
Web links
- The Salar ethnic minority (Chinese government side)
- Salar Language Materials ( Memento from August 24, 2006 in the Internet Archive )
- Arienne M. Dwyer: Salar Grammatical Sketch ( Memento from February 6, 2006 in the Internet Archive ) Outline of the Salar grammar (PDF)
literature
- Dwyer, Arienne , Salar, A Study in Inner Asian Language Contact Processes, Part I: Phonology, Wiesbaden 2007, ISBN 978-3-447-04091-4
- Lin, Lianyun林莲云: Han Sala, Sala Han cihui汉撒拉 、 撒拉 汉 词汇 (Chinese-Salar, Salar-Chinese vocabulary). 四川 民族 出版社Sichuan minzu chubanshe (Sichuan Nationalities Publishing House ). 成都 Chengdu 1992.
- Salazu de wenhua xingtai撒拉族 的 文化 形态 (The cultural formation of the Salar). In: Hao, Sumin 郝苏民 u. Wenhua 文化 u. He, Weiguang 贺卫光 [ed.], 甘 青 特有 民族文化 形态 研究Gan Qing teyou minzu wenhua xingtai yanjiu (research on the cultural formation of the nationalities that only live in Gansu and Qinghai). 民族 出版社Minzu chubanshe (nationality publisher). 北京 Beijing 1999/2000. ISBN 7105034203 . Pp. 103-179.
- Tenišev, ER : Stroj salarskogo âzyka. Moscow, Nauka 1976.