Bonan
The Bonan (保安族) or Bao'an are (like the Dongxiang ) a Muslim ethnic minority of Mongolian origin in the People's Republic of China and are one of the 56 officially recognized nationalities in the country. The population is 20,077 (2010 census).
In addition to the Dongxiang, the Bonan are one of the smaller ethnic groups in northern China. It's hard to trace their history clearly. According to tradition, the Bonan are descendants of Mongolian soldiers who converted to Islam , who settled in this region before 1368 after the Mongol storm in which Mongol armies overran large parts of Asia . Over many generations, the Bonan and neighboring Tibetans , the Hui and the Han Chinese intermarried. They also converted to Islam by the 19th century.
The Bonan live in the northwestern provinces of Gansu and Qinghai . Together with the Dongxiang they share the Autonomous County Jishishan in the Autonomous County Linxia the Hui . Most of the Bonan are farmers who mainly grow wheat and rye . But they also trade in wood, produce charcoal or are silversmiths. The Bonan make the bonan knives that are famous throughout the region. The knife is made of brass or copper and the handle is artfully carved from animal bones.
Distribution of the Bonan at the provincial level according to the data of the 2010 census (reference date November 1, 2010)
area | number | proportion of |
---|---|---|
People's Republic of China | 20,077 | 100.00% |
Gansu | 18,170 | 90.50% |
Qinghai | 904 | 4.50% |
Xinjiang | 568 | 2.83% |
Inner Mongolia | 90 | 0.45% |
Yunnan | 49 | 0.24% |
Sichuan | 43 | 0.21% |
Jiangsu | 32 | 0.16% |
Guangdong | 25th | 0.12% |
Beijing | 24 | 0.12% |
Ningxia | 21st | 0.10% |
Zhejiang | 17th | 0.085% |
Shanghai | 16 | 0.080% |
Anhui | 15th | 0.075% |
Tibet | 15th | 0.075% |
Hunan | 13 | 0.065% |
Tianjin | 10 | 0.050% |
Chongqing | 9 | 0.045% |
Guizhou | 8th | 0.040% |
Hebei | 7th | 0.035% |
Shandong | 7th | 0.035% |
Jilin | 6th | 0.030% |
Hubei | 6th | 0.030% |
Fujian | 5 | 0.025% |
Henan | 4th | 0.020% |
Shaanxi | 4th | 0.020% |
Heilongjiang | 3 | 0.015% |
VBA | 3 | 0.015% |
Liaoning | 2 | 0.010% |
Guangxi | 1 | 0.005% |
Shanxi | 0 | 0.00% |
Jiangxi | 0 | 0.00% |
Hainan | 0 | 0.00% |
literature
- Bao'anzu de wenhua xingtai保安族 的 文化 形态 (The Bonan Cultural Formation). In: Hao, Sumin 郝苏民 u. Wenhua 文化 u. He, Weiguang 贺卫光 [ed.], 甘 青 特有 民族文化 形态 研究Gan Qing teyou minzu wenhua xingtai yanjiu (research on the cultural formation of the nationalities that only live in Gansu and Qinghai). 民族 出版社Minzu chubanshe (nationality publisher). 北京 Beijing 1999/2000. ISBN 7-105-03420-3 . Pp. 265-312.
- Chen, Naixiong陈乃雄 u. a. [Ed.]: Bôô an helen u uges / 保安 语 词汇Bao'anyu cihui (vocabulary of Bonan). 内蒙古 人民出版社Nei Menggu renmin chubanshe (Inner Mongolia People's Publishing House ). 呼和浩特 Hohhot 1985/1986. 14 + 6 + 239 pages. [bilingual Mongolian-Chinese, Bonan in IPA].
- Chen, Naixiong陈乃雄 [Author] u. Qenggeltei (清 格尔泰Qingge'ertai ) [Corr.]: Bôô an hele be Mônggôl hele / 保安 语 和蒙古语 Bao'anyu he Mengguyu (Bonan and Mongolian). 内蒙古 人民出版社Nei Menggu renmin chubanshe (Inner Mongolia People's Publishing House ). 呼和浩特 Hohhot 1986/1987. 8 + 395 pages. [bilingual Mongolian-Chinese, Bonan in IPA].