Great Guild (Riga)
The Great Guild ( Latvian Lielā ģilde ), also St. Mary's Guild or Stube von Münster , is a listed building in the Latvian capital Riga . Today it is used especially for concerts of the Riga Philharmonic .
location
It is located in Riga's old town on the north side of Gildstubenstrasse ( Amatu iela ) in a corner at the confluence with Meisterstrasse ( Meistaru iela ) at the address Gildstubenstrasse 6. A little further south is the Kleine Gilde .
Architecture and history
The Great Guild was the guild of mostly German merchants in Riga who operated sea trade. The guild's coat of arms shows a ship. However, the Great Guild also included pastors, senior officials and wealthy citizens.
In the years from 1854 to 1859, today's house of the Great Guild was built according to plans by Karl Beyne , including a historical predecessor building in the neo-Gothic style. Here one leaned in particular on the English Gothic, so there are arches typical of the Tudor style . The vaulted two-aisled guild hall, the so-called Münsterstube, was retained on the ground floor. There was a carved image of Mary from the beginning of the 15th century called Docke . The speaker called the Dockmann was then standing below the dock when addressing the assembly. Other noteworthy pieces of equipment in the guild room were the chandeliers, the remains of an altar shrine, Death of Maria, and the musicians' historic stage, the piper's bench . In the adjacent to the Guildhall bridal chamber is a made of sandstone crafted Renaissance fireplace dating from 1633. In the nuptial chamber had into it until the 18th century after the wedding was celebrated at the guild office, the bride and groom, the wedding night to spend. In the chamber there were also oil portraits of some regents. The guild room and bridal chamber date from before 1330 and are also called the monastery cellars . The Teutonic Order occupied the building in the 14th century . In 1353 the master of the order Goswin von Herike returned the house after a new castle on the Daugava was completed to replace a castle that had been destroyed in 1297 . A glass picture in the stairwell represented the return.
The large ballroom with the coats of arms of the elders is located on the upper floor. The hall is spanned by a wooden ceiling.
In the new building from 1854 to 1859, a richly decorated Renaissance gable originally located above the main entrance was removed. At the same time, the house was expanded beyond its original construction limits and in particular the original course of the Riga city wall .
In 1899 the lower two-aisled hall was decorated with a coat of arms frieze showing the coat of arms of the Hanseatic cities. At times a restaurant was operated in the monastery cellar.
Major parts of the facility were destroyed or lost in wars. In 1963 there was a fire, so that a reconstruction took place in 1965. A new vestibule was added and the furnishings were adapted for the purpose of concerts.
Since October 29, 1998, the Large Guild and the Small Guild have been registered as a complex under number 6534 in the Latvian register of monuments.
Personalities
The following persons held offices in the Great Guild (sorted by date of birth), the list does not claim to be complete:
- Ewert Otting (1548–1581), elderly man
- Joachim Welling (1587–1636), 1620 elder
- Johann Witte, the Dithmarscher (* before 1614), elder
- Johann Gottsleben (1620–1684), Dockmann, senior man
- Johann von Reutern (1666–1714), elder from 1703
- Johann Hollander (1669–1732), elderly man
- Heinrich Berens (1699–1778), elder from 1749
- Peter Heinrich the Elder Blanckenhagen (1723–1794), elder from 1763
- Ludwig Grave (? –1796), elderly man
- Jacob Johann Berckhöltz (1750–1812), elder
- Nicolai Kymmel (1816–1905), senior from 1862 to 1868
- Alexander Faltin (1819–1899), elderly man
- August Mentzendorff (1821–1901), elder from 1870
- Nicolaus Busch (1864–1933), 1903 secretary
Simple members also included Adam Hinrich Schwartz (1678–1762), Johann Christoph Wöhrmann (1784–1843) and Christian August Berkholz (1805–1889).
literature
- Christiane Bauermeister, Riga , Gräfe and Unzer Verlag Munich 2017, ISBN 978-3-8342-2448-4 , p. 59
- Karl Woldemar von Löwis of Menar , Riga , Verlag von Joneck & Poliewsky, Riga 1918, p. 30 f.
- Guide through Latvia , WF Häcker printing house, Riga 1929, p. 38
Web links
- Entry 6534 in the Latvian Monument Register (Latvian)
- Big guild on www.livriga.com
- Big guild (St. Mariengilde) on www.schwarzaufweiss.de
Individual evidence
Coordinates: 56 ° 56 ′ 59.5 ″ N , 24 ° 6 ′ 29.2 ″ E