Henry Evans Maude

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Henry "Harry" Evans Maude , OBE (born October 1, 1906 in Bankipore , Patna , India , † November 4, 2006 in Canberra ) was a British colonial official , anthropologist , ethnographer and historian of the South Pacific .

Life

Henry E. Maude was the youngest of six children of an Indian Civil Service officer . With initially inadequate schooling, however, he graduated from the London Highgate School as one of the best of the year. He then studied economics and anthropology at Jesus College (Cambridge) and Cambridge University, and graduated in 1929 with a BA . In the same year he married Honor Courtney King (1905-2001), from whose marriage the son Alaric Maude emerged.

Already through his youth reading ( Herman Melville , Robert Louis Stevenson , Charles Warren Stoddard , Jack London ) he was addicted to the exoticism of the South Seas . After completing his studies, he applied to the colonial administration of the Crown Colony of Gilbert and Ellice Islands .

From 1929-1948 he served in various administrative offices in the Pacific Islands. First from 1929–1936 on the Gilbert and Ellice Islands , succeeding Sir Arthur Francis Grimble ; 1936–1937 on Zanzibar and Pemba ; 1937-1939 came back to the Gilbert Islands and further posts in Fiji , Tonga and the Pitcairn Islands ; in 1943 he was assigned to the US Naval Intelligence Center at Pearl Harbor . From 1946 to 1949 he held the office of permanent commissioner (Resident Commissioner) of the Gilberts , the later Kiribati .

From 1938, in his role as Lands Commissioner, he carried out the Phoenix Islands Settlement Scheme , a program to relocate overpopulated Gilbert Islands to uninhabited atolls on the Phoenix Islands ( Sydney Island , Hull and Gardener ), which, however, was abandoned after years due to lack of drinking water and drought had to become. The settlement villages on Sydney were named Mauta and Ona in honor of him and his wife Honor in Gilbertese language , on Hull he named the settlement village after his son Alaric, or Arariki in the local language . In 1939 he was awarded the Officer's Cross of the British Order of the British Empire for his services .

As a result of the developments in the British colonies and their quest for independence, he decided in 1948 to become an employee of the South Pacific Commission , from 1949 to 1955 he was head of its department for social development. This was followed by resettlement to Sydney , 1957 to Canberra . In 1957, he became a Senior Research Fellow on the Faculty of Pacific History, Research School of Pacific Studies , Australian National University , Canberra. He was instrumental in founding the Pacific Manuscripts Bureau in 1968 . In 1970 he resigned.

Together with his wife Honor, he made trips in the Pacific region, initially mostly on schooners . She also shared his interests in ethnographic research. Honor C. Maude became known for her publications on string games , e.g. B. collected on Nauru , New Caledonia , the Loyalty Islands , the Solomon Islands and Tikopia (together with Raymond Firth ). Henry E. Maude has published on a variety of topics related to the history of the Pacific, co-founded the Journal of Pacific History and other anthropological series, and edited the writings of Sir Arthur Francis Grimble.

The majority of Harry and Honor Maude's papers and documents are now in the Barr Smith Library at the University of Adelaide . Additional materials can be found in the Adelaide University Library through donations from the extensive private library in 1996. In 2004 he was awarded the highest medal Ana Kamoamoa Kiribati to be awarded to foreigners by the Kiribati government .

Henry E. Maude died on November 4, 2006 at the age of 100.

Works (selection)

  • The co-operative movement in the Gilbert and Ellice Islands. South Pacific Commission, Sydney 1949.
  • Post-Spanish discoveries in the Central Pacific. Polynesian Society, Wellington (1961).
  • The documentary basis for Pacific studies. A report on progress and desiderata. (Research School of Pacific Studies, Australian National University, Canberra 1967).
  • Of islands and men. Studies in Pacific history. Oxford University Press, Melbourne / New York 1968 (Bibliography: pp. 373–397).
  • The evolution of the Gilbertese boti. An ethnohistorical interpretation. Institute of Pacific Studies and Gilbert Islands Extension Center of the University of the South Pacific, Suva, 1977 (new edition from: Polynesian Society, Wellington 1963).
  • The Gilbertese maneaba. The Institute of Pacific Studies and the Kiribati Extension Center of the University of the South Pacific, (Suva) 1980.
  • Slavers in paradise. The Peruvian slave trade in Polynesia, 1862–1864. Stanford University Press, Stanford 1981, ISBN 0-8047-1106-2 .
  • The book of Banaba. From the Maude and Grimble papers and published works. Edited by HC and HE Maude. Institute of Pacific Studies, University of the South Pacific, (Suva) 1994, ISBN 0-646-20128-X .
  • The Gilbert Islands observed. A source book of European contacts with, and observations of, the Gilbert Islands and the Gilbertese, from 1537 to 1873. Compiled by HE Maude. Homa Press, Adelaide 2006.

editor

  • Arthur Francis Grimble: Tungaru traditions. Writings on the atoll culture of the Gilbert Islands. Edited by HE Maude. Melbourne University Press, Carlton, Victoria 1989 (bibliography pp. 357-375), ISBN 0-522-84386-7 .
  • An anthology of Gilbertese oral tradition. From the Grimble papers and other collections. Translated by AF Grimble and Reid Cowell. Edited by HC and HE Maude. Institute of Pacific Studies, University of the South Pacific, Suva 1994, ISBN 0-646-17265-4 .

literature

  • Niel Gunson (Ed.): The Changing Pacific. Essays in honor of HE Maude. Oxford University Press, Melbourne 1978, ISBN 0-19-550518-2 , (Bibliography: pp. 317-335).
  • Susan Woodburn: Journeys through Pacific history. A guide to the Pacific Islands library and the papers of HE and HC Maude. University of Adelaide, Adelaide 1995, online .
  • Susan Woodburn: Where our hearts still lie. Harry and Honor Maude in the Pacific islands. Crawford House Publishers Australia, Belair 2003, ISBN 1-86333-245-6 , (Bibliography: pp. 273-277).
  • Obituary. In: The Journal of Pacific Studies. Vol. 29, No. 2, 2006, pp. 243–251 (PDF; 154 kB), obituaries by Alaric Maude (pp. 243–248) and Kambati Uriam : HE Maude, Our Unimane and Friend 1906–2006. (Pp. 248-251). English, accessed September 13, 2012.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. a b c Alaric Maude: Harry Maude 1906-2006. In: Pambu news. (PDF; 606 kB) 22, 2006, Nov., pp. 3–5
  2. Obituaries. MAUDE, Henry Evans (1926) died on November 4, 2006 aged 100. In: One Hundred and Third Annual Report ( Memento of June 7, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) (PDF; 5.6 MB) Jesus College, Cambridge 2007, p. 121-122.
  3. Biographical introduction to: Papers of Henry Evans and Honor Courtney Maude 1904-1999 , Library of the University of Adelaide. English, accessed September 13, 2012.